From efficient symplectic exponentiation of matrices to symplectic integration of high-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with slowly varying quadratic stiff potentials

We present a multiscale integrator for Hamiltonian systems with slowly varying quadratic stiff potentials that uses coarse timesteps (analogous to what the impulse method uses for constant quadratic stiff potentials). This method is based on the highly-non-trivial introduction of two efficient symplectic schemes for exponentiations of matrices that only require O(n) matrix multiplications operations at each coarse time step for a preset small number n. The proposed integrator is shown to be (i) uniformly convergent on positions; (ii) symplectic in both slow and fast variables; (iii) well adapted to high dimensional systems. Our framework also provides a general method for iteratively exponentiating a slowly varying sequence of (possibly high dimensional) matrices in an efficient way

Fast algorithms for computing isogenies between elliptic curves

We survey algorithms for computing isogenies between elliptic curves defined over a field of characteristic either 0 or a large prime. We introduce a new algorithm that computes an isogeny of degree $\ell$ ($\ell$ different from the characteristic) in time quasi-linear with respect to $\ell$. This is based in particular on fast algorithms for power series expansion of the Weierstrass $\wp$-function and related functions

Approximate computations with modular curves

This article gives an introduction for mathematicians interested in numerical computations in algebraic geometry and number theory to some recent progress in algorithmic number theory, emphasising the key role of approximate computations with modular curves and their Jacobians. These approximations are done in polynomial time in the dimension and the required number of significant digits. We explain the main ideas of how the approximations are done, illustrating them with examples, and we sketch some applications in number theory

Axioms and Decidability for Type Isomorphism in the Presence of Sums

We consider the problem of characterizing isomorphisms of types, or, equivalently, constructive cardinality of sets, in the simultaneous presence of disjoint unions, Cartesian products, and exponentials. Mostly relying on results about polynomials with exponentiation that have not been used in our context, we derive: that the usual finite axiomatization known as High-School Identities (HSI) is complete for a significant subclass of types; that it is decidable for that subclass when two types are isomorphic; that, for the whole of the set of types, a recursive extension of the axioms of HSI exists that is complete; and that, for the whole of the set of types, the question as to whether two types are isomorphic is decidable when base types are to be interpreted as finite sets. We also point out certain related open problems

Hard Instances of the Constrained Discrete Logarithm Problem

The discrete logarithm problem (DLP) generalizes to the constrained DLP, where the secret exponent $x$ belongs to a set known to the attacker. The complexity of generic algorithms for solving the constrained DLP depends on the choice of the set. Motivated by cryptographic applications, we study sets with succinct representation for which the constrained DLP is hard. We draw on earlier results due to Erd\"os et al. and Schnorr, develop geometric tools such as generalized Menelaus' theorem for proving lower bounds on the complexity of the constrained DLP, and construct sets with succinct representation with provable non-trivial lower bounds