7 research outputs found
Heuristic Barycenter Modeling of Fully Absorbing Receivers in Diffusive Molecular Communication Channels
In a recent paper it has been shown that to model a diffusive molecular
communication (MC) channel with multiple fully absorbing (FA) receivers, these
can be interpreted as sources of negative particles from the other receivers'
perspective. The barycenter point is introduced as the best position where to
place the negative sources. The barycenter is obtained from the spatial mean of
the molecules impinging on the surface of each FA receiver. This paper derives
an expression that captures the position of the barycenter in a diffusive MC
channel with multiple FA receivers. In this work, an analytical model inspired
by Newton's law of gravitation is found to describe the barycenter, and the
result is compared with particle-based simulation (PBS) data. Since the
barycenter depends on the distance between the transmitter and receiver and the
observation time, the condition that the barycenter can be assumed to be at the
center of the receiver is discussed. This assumption simplifies further
modeling of any diffusive MC system containing multiple FA receivers. The
resulting position of the barycenter is used in channel models to calculate the
cumulative number of absorbed molecules and it has been verified with PBS data
in a variety of scenarios.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figure
CSK Realization for MC via Spatially Distributed Multicellular Consortia
The design and engineering of molecular communication (MC) components capable
of processing chemical concentration signals is the key to unleashing the
potential of MC for interdisciplinary applications. By controlling the
signaling pathway and molecule exchange between cell devices, synthetic biology
provides the MC community with tools and techniques to achieve various signal
processing functions. In this paper, we propose a design framework to realize
any order concentration shift keying (CSK) systems based on simple and reusable
single-input single-output cells. The design framework also exploits the
distributed multicellular consortia with spatial segregation, which has
advantages in system scalability, low genetic manipulation, and signal
orthogonality. We also create a small library of reusable engineered cells and
apply them to implement binary CSK (BCSK) and quadruple CSK (QCSK) systems to
demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed design framework. Importantly, we
establish a mathematical framework to theoretically characterize our proposed
distributed multicellular systems. Specially, we divide a system into
fundamental building blocks, from which we derive the impulse response of each
block and the cascade of the impulse responses leads to the end-to-end response
of the system. Simulation results obtained from the agent-based simulator BSim
not only validate our CSK design framework but also demonstrate the accuracy of
the proposed mathematical analysis.Comment: 30 pages, 13 figure
A comprehensive survey on hybrid communication in context of molecular communication and terahertz communication for body-centric nanonetworks
With the huge advancement of nanotechnology over the past years, the devices are shrinking into micro-scale, even nano-scale. Additionally, the Internet of nano-things (IoNTs) are generally regarded as the ultimate formation of the current sensor networks and the development of nanonetworks would be of great help to its fulfilment, which would be ubiquitous with numerous applications in all domains of life. However, the communication between the devices in such nanonetworks is still an open problem. Body-centric nanonetworks are believed to play an essential role in the practical application of IoNTs. BCNNs are also considered as domain specific like wireless sensor networks and always deployed on purpose to support a particular application. In these networks, electromagnetic and molecular communications are widely considered as two main promising paradigms and both follow their own development process. In this survey, the recent developments of these two paradigms are first illustrated in the aspects of applications, network structures, modulation techniques, coding techniques and security to then investigate the potential of hybrid communication paradigms. Meanwhile, the enabling technologies have been presented to apprehend the state-of-art with the discussion on the possibility of the hybrid technologies. Additionally, the inter-connectivity of electromagnetic and molecular body-centric nanonetworks is discussed. Afterwards, the related security issues of the proposed networks are discussed. Finally, the challenges and open research directions are presented
Channel modeling for diffusive molecular communication - a tutorial review
Molecular communication (MC) is a new communication engineering paradigm where molecules are employed as information carriers. MC systems are expected to enable new revolutionary applications such as sensing of target substances in biotechnology, smart drug delivery in medicine, and monitoring of oil pipelines or chemical reactors in industrial settings. As for any other kind of communication, simple yet sufficiently accurate channel models are needed for the design, analysis, and efficient operation of MC systems. In this paper, we provide a tutorial review on mathematical channel modeling for diffusive MC systems. The considered end-to-end MC channel models incorporate the effects of the release mechanism, the MC environment, and the reception mechanism on the observed information molecules. Thereby, the various existing models for the different components of an MC system are presented under a common framework and the underlying biological, chemical, and physical phenomena are discussed. Deterministic models characterizing the expected number of molecules observed at the receiver and statistical models characterizing the actual number of observed molecules are developed. In addition, we provide channel models for timevarying MC systems with moving transmitters and receivers, which are relevant for advanced applications such as smart drug delivery with mobile nanomachines. For complex scenarios, where simple MC channel models cannot be obtained from first principles, we investigate simulation-driven and experiment-driven channel models. Finally, we provide a detailed discussion of potential challenges, open research problems, and future directions in channel modeling for diffusive MC systems