Wireless industrial monitoring and control networks: the journey so far and the road ahead

While traditional wired communication technologies have played a crucial role in industrial monitoring and control networks over the past few decades, they are increasingly proving to be inadequate to meet the highly dynamic and stringent demands of today’s industrial applications, primarily due to the very rigid nature of wired infrastructures. Wireless technology, however, through its increased pervasiveness, has the potential to revolutionize the industry, not only by mitigating the problems faced by wired solutions, but also by introducing a completely new class of applications. While present day wireless technologies made some preliminary inroads in the monitoring domain, they still have severe limitations especially when real-time, reliable distributed control operations are concerned. This article provides the reader with an overview of existing wireless technologies commonly used in the monitoring and control industry. It highlights the pros and cons of each technology and assesses the degree to which each technology is able to meet the stringent demands of industrial monitoring and control networks. Additionally, it summarizes mechanisms proposed by academia, especially serving critical applications by addressing the real-time and reliability requirements of industrial process automation. The article also describes certain key research problems from the physical layer communication for sensor networks and the wireless networking perspective that have yet to be addressed to allow the successful use of wireless technologies in industrial monitoring and control networks

DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION of an QoS-AWARE ROUTING in WIRELESS SENSOR MESH AND MULTI-HOP NETWORKS

Wireless Sensor Network (WsN) is contributing as one of the most important roles in communication and data transfer nowadays. With the high demand in providing real time application in WSNs, quality of service (QoS) became the top priority in designing a real reliable, energy efficient, priority based and delay guarantee routing protocol. This paper emphasize on the selection of suitable routing protocol and implementation of the selected routing which leads to improvement on the selected routing protocol. In this project, the author will look into the various WsN routing protocol such as Sequential Assignment Routing (SAR), Message-initiated Constrained-based Routing (MCBR), Multi-Path and Multi-SPEED Routing (MMSPEED) and Energy Efficient and QoS Multipath Routing (EQSR) in order to choose the suitable routing protocol to be implemented. The selection of suitable routing protocol is purely based on the QoS metric where data priority, reliability, end to end delay, energy efficiency and network lifetime is taken into consideration. Before the implementation of selected routing protocol, the author will try and implement Ad-hoc On Demand Vector (AODV) routing protocol so that author can familiarize himself with the software and hardware that is used in this project and from there author will do some modification so that the running AODV routing protocol can have the selected routing protocol behavior. All the results in shown in graphs and tables

An Overview of Wireless Mesh Networks

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are communication networks which comprise radio nodes in which nodes are arranged in a mesh topology. Mesh topology is an interconnection of all nodes connected with all other nodes in the network. The network includes devices like nodes, clients, routers, gateways, etc. As the nodes are fully connected, mesh networks are usually less mobile as rerouting is less difficult in predicting the reroute results in delay in data transmission. Mesh clients can be of any wireless devices like cell phones, laptops, etc. The gateways which act as forwarding nodes may not be connected with the Internet. As different devices come under a single network, it is also referred as mesh cloud. WMN is self-healable. It works better with various different networks which include cellular networks and IEEE 802.11, 802.15, and 802.16 as well. WMN is flexible to work with more than one protocol. This chapter gives architecture, layer functionalities, and applications

Trust Score based Optimized Cluster Routing (TSOCR) approach for Enhancing the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy efficiency is the most significant obstacle that Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) must overcome, and the desire for solutions that maximize energy efficiency will never go away. There are a variety of methods that can be utilized to improve energy efficiency, with data transmission as the primary driver of maximum energy consumption. The transmission of data from the source to destination nodes uses more energy. When the transmission of data is handled better, the energy efficiency is improved and the lifetime of the network is increased. The purpose of this research is to propose an Trust Score based Optimized Cluster Routing (TSOCR)  scheme for WSNs, which is based on Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). A total trust score is derived by combining the results of computing three distinct trust scores, such as the direct, indirect, and the most recent trust score. The path that has the highest trust score is chosen as the route and employed for data transmission. The effectiveness of the work is evaluated by looking at factors such as the rate of packet delivery, the latency, the amount of energy consumed and the lifetime of the network