Technology enablers for the implementation of Industry 4.0 to traditional manufacturing sectors: A review

The traditional manufacturing sectors (footwear, textiles and clothing, furniture and toys, among others) are based on small and medium enterprises with limited capacity on investing in modern production technologies. Although these sectors rely heavily on product customization and short manufacturing cycles, they are still not able to take full advantage of the fourth industrial revolution. Industry 4.0 surfaced to address the current challenges of shorter product life-cycles, highly customized products and stiff global competition. The new manufacturing paradigm supports the development of modular factory structures within a computerized Internet of Things environment. With Industry 4.0, rigid planning and production processes can be revolutionized. However, the computerization of manufacturing has a high degree of complexity and its implementation tends to be expensive, which goes against the reality of SMEs that power the traditional sectors. This paper reviews the main scientific-technological advances that have been developed in recent years in traditional sectors with the aim of facilitating the transition to the new industry standard.This research was supported by the Spanish Research Agency (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under the project CloudDriver4Industry TIN2017-89266-R

Realidade aumentada na indústria do calçado - Aprendizagem imersiva na operação de máquinas

Com a evolução tecnológica nas linhas de produção, várias indústrias começaram a substituir os processos manuais que requeriam mão de obra especializada pela utilização de máquinas industriais. Desta forma, a formação profissional necessária transitou para o conhecimento sobre estas máquinas e a sua operação. A indústria do calçado é uma dessas indústrias, que tem atualmente uma forte presença em Portugal, mas que tem vindo a reportar falta de mão de obra especializada nos últimos anos. Tendo por isso como um dos seus objetivos a inovação dos processos de formação de forma a atrair jovens profissionais. Este projeto, em parceria com o grupo GILT, visa o desenvolvimento de uma aplicação mobile capaz de auxiliar estes processos utilizando a tecnologia de realidade aumentada. Com o objetivo de fornecer just in time learning acerca das máquinas utilizadas nesta indústria, melhorando a experiência pessoal de aprendizagem. No final, a avaliação da qualidade e do cumprimento dos objetivos feita através da análise de dados recolhidos por questionários distribuídos por um segmento de utilizadores considerados relevantes. Os resultados dessa avaliação mostraram-se bastante positivos, principalmente entre profissionais da área, que mostraram interesse na continuação do desenvolvimento de mais conteúdo e forneceram sugestões de melhoria para trabalho futuro.With the technological evolution in the manufacturing area, several industries started to replace the manual processes that required qualified labor by the usage of industrial machines. With these changes, the required professional qualification migrated to detained knowledge about these machines and it’s handling. The footwear industry fits in that category, being one of the most impactful industries in Portugal. However, the lack of qualified professionals is being reported in the last couple of years, which resulted in focusing some of its goals in innovating and creating better training processes to appeal younger to potential professionals. This project, partnering with GILT, envisions the development of a mobile app that aids those processes by taking advantage of the augmented reality technology. It aims to provide just in time learning about the machines used in this industry, as well as improving the learning experience for every individual. Lastly, to evaluate the quality of the solution and the met goals, the app was distributed to relevant users alongside a questionnaire that will provide enough data to analyze it. Results of that evaluation were mostly positive, mainly between professionals that work in the industry, showing that they were interested in seeing more content being supported in the app and, they also gave interesting feedback about improvements for future work

Automação de Processos: estudo e aplicação de método de custeio para precificação de projeto

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Blumenau. Engenharia de Controle e AutomaçãoOs progressos relacionados as revoluções que culminaram na Indústria 4.0 impactaram diretamente na apuração de despesas de produção, fazendo a contabilidade de custos se desenvolver no mesmo ritmo. O trabalho se justifica na necessidade da democratização ao acesso de métodos de custeio para empresas e visava analisar a possibilidade de minimizar custos através da automação de processos. Neste sentido, além da realização de pesquisa bibliométrica e sistêmica sobre o tema, foi realizado o estudo de caso do desenvolvimento de um projeto de software de controle de processo industrial. Foram simulados através do Arena o cenário atual do projeto (totalmente manual) e três cenários hipotéticos automatizados. Para fins comparativos foi aplicado o método de custeio ABC aos processos e foi observado que a atual precificação adotada pelo projeto não absorvia todos os custos. O cenário otimista automatizado apresenta diminuição na precificação de 21,47%, além de conferir maior confiabilidade ao sistema desenvolvido.The progress related to the revolutions that culminated in Industry 4.0 directly impacted the calculation of production expenses, making cost accounting develop at the same time. The paper is justified by the need to democratize access to costing methods for companies and aimed to analyze the possibility of minimizing costs through process automation. So, in addition to conducting bibliometric and systemic research on the topic, a case study of the development of an industrial process control software project was made. The current (fully manual) and three automated hypothetical scenarios were simulated through Arena. For comparative purposes, the Activity-Based Costing method was applied and it was observed that the current pricing adopted by the project did not include all the costs. The automated optimistic scenario shows a decrease in pricing of 21.47%, besides to giving greater reliability to the system developed

Kinematics and Robot Design II (KaRD2019) and III (KaRD2020)

This volume collects papers published in two Special Issues “Kinematics and Robot Design II, KaRD2019” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/robotics/special_issues/KRD2019) and “Kinematics and Robot Design III, KaRD2020” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/robotics/special_issues/KaRD2020), which are the second and third issues of the KaRD Special Issue series hosted by the open access journal robotics.The KaRD series is an open environment where researchers present their works and discuss all topics focused on the many aspects that involve kinematics in the design of robotic/automatic systems. It aims at being an established reference for researchers in the field as other serial international conferences/publications are. Even though the KaRD series publishes one Special Issue per year, all the received papers are peer-reviewed as soon as they are submitted and, if accepted, they are immediately published in MDPI Robotics. Kinematics is so intimately related to the design of robotic/automatic systems that the admitted topics of the KaRD series practically cover all the subjects normally present in well-established international conferences on “mechanisms and robotics”.KaRD2019 together with KaRD2020 received 22 papers and, after the peer-review process, accepted only 17 papers. The accepted papers cover problems related to theoretical/computational kinematics, to biomedical engineering and to other design/applicative aspects

A Novel Standard for Footwear Industrial Machineries

Economic globalization has scattered industrial production, promoting manufacturing models able to chase the most favorable conditions in the widened international scenario. Interorganizational communication becomes thus a critical element for production streamline, being the bridge that creates continuity among industrial districts. However, many sectors still lack proper communication standards, thus slowing the production and increasing its costs. The footwear manufacturing industry especially suffers from this condition, having chronically promoted a plethora of similar-but-incompatible dialects to supply partial data exchange. To regulate and rationalize part of the footwear industry interorganizational communication, in this paper, we present the Shoe PRocess INTeroperability Standard (SPRINTS), conceived and carried out within an industrial district, ranging from shoe design to mass production. SPRINTS is based on the XML standard language to define a data exchange protocol among systems and machines of the footwear production field. SPRINTS describes both “vertical” transfers (i.e., between different steps of the design/production chain), and “horizontal” transfers (e.g., to allow data exchange between CADs from different vendors). Moreover, it allows a smooth transaction from existing standards, and it has been tested in real-world scenarios. SPRINTS is designed in collaboration with ASSOMAC, an association of shoe machineries manufacturers, comprising the worldwide majority of footwear manufacturing companies (http://info.assomac.com). The standard has been validated and already adopted by a few companies, that contributed to its development. In this paper, we present the standard and a tool able to validate and graphically render a SPRINTS file