Seminar Future Internet WS2012

Near Field Communication (NFC) is an emerging close range, low bandwidth, induction based communication standard. It is already and will be more broadly integrated tightly with modern smartphones, devices and operating systems. Payment services, setup of high-bandwidth connections, information sharing and identity verification become possible by just touching two NFC devices together. This paper tries to give an overview over how NFC technology works, what some of its current and potential applications are and which risks and exploits come along with its simplicity

The paradigm shift in wireless platforms : from traffic business to transaction business

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 100).The mobile communication industry in Japan is facing a constructive revolution that will be the industry to next-generation services. Most communication companies have competed aggressively to develop and offer e-mail or Web applications to their users in order to increase operating revenue. One approach was the introduction of flat rate plans, used primarily to acquire new customers; however, the profits achieved by relying on communication fees are diminishing. Nevertheless, mobile phones continue to be the point of contact closest to the customer. In recent years, mobile phones have evolved from tools used primarily for talking to a tool that transmits and receives e-mail. But these are changes that alter the quality of communication rather than make a substantial change. To heighten its competitive position, in June 2004, NTT DoCoMo developed a new type of cellular phone that contains a built-in noncontact IC card called "FeliCa," which represents the next remarkable stage of progress. This thesis first analyzes the structural transformation of the mobile phone business, and then discusses how it is influencing the financial and authentication businesses. First I present an overview of the mobile communication industry, showing its progress from a rapid growth to a mature market. Next, I show how wireless carriers are building a new wireless value chain by implementing the IC card function in mobile phone terminals. Then I describe the new wireless value chain and offer examples that illustrate the kinds of change that have been created in the industry structure. I conclude by describing a business strategy that utilizes the new platform, and the influence that the new platform will have on society.by Akira Matsuki.M.B.A

Micropayments: the final frontier for electronic consumer payments

Small payments of less than $5 have resisted the wave of electronification that has swept consumer payments in recent years. However, a number of innovations — both new technologies and new ways of doing business — have done much to make such electronic “micropayments” less expensive and more convenient. Now, having proven themselves in several online markets, micropayments are poised to make inroads at the physical point of sale. This paper looks at some of the success stories (and failures), both in the U.S. and abroad, to identify possible conditions for success and to gauge the outlook for the future. It finds that industry structure, the coordination of standards, and customer preferences and experiences have all influenced the development of these products. While different markets around the world have supported different types of solutions, the successful products have delivered clear utility to the consumer, along with compelling economics for the different parties in the value chain. With critical mass in sight, the future looks promising.Electronic funds transfers

Mobile payments : what we can learn from the past

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 74).Over the last decade, there has been a proliferation of mobile payments systems (MPS). Close to 150 MPS currently exist in the world according to the Bank for International Settlement records (BIS). Mobile payments (MP) markets are at different stages of development depending on countries. However, most of them are going through their embryonic or early phases. According to the theory, at this fluid stage, where no dominant design has emerged, it is nearly impossible to predict industry evolution. This paper tests the hypothesis that (i) because the MP industry is a path dependent system rather than a hysteresis system whose state depends on their immediate history, (ii) we can actually rely on accumulated experiences (success and failures) to narrow markets options in terms of dominant players and speed of adoption. In this paper, we elaborate a classification matrix of payment services and using the Weil-Utterback system dynamic model of the diffusion of innovation we analyze the main loops at play in US, Europe and Japan. In the process we provide numerous examples of MPS and several case studies. The key take aways of our analysis are that (i) incumbents are likely to dominate the offering of mobile payments services. (ii) in the next three to five years, US rate of adoption is likely to be faster than the European one.by Gladys Priso.M.B.A

The survey on Near Field Communication

PubMed ID: 26057043Near Field Communication (NFC) is an emerging short-range wireless communication technology that offers great and varied promise in services such as payment, ticketing, gaming, crowd sourcing, voting, navigation, and many others. NFC technology enables the integration of services from a wide range of applications into one single smartphone. NFC technology has emerged recently, and consequently not much academic data are available yet, although the number of academic research studies carried out in the past two years has already surpassed the total number of the prior works combined. This paper presents the concept of NFC technology in a holistic approach from different perspectives, including hardware improvement and optimization, communication essentials and standards, applications, secure elements, privacy and security, usability analysis, and ecosystem and business issues. Further research opportunities in terms of the academic and business points of view are also explored and discussed at the end of each section. This comprehensive survey will be a valuable guide for researchers and academicians, as well as for business in the NFC technology and ecosystem.Publisher's Versio

Cell me the money: unlocking the value in the mobile payment ecosystem

This report examines the challenges and benefits of mobile commerce in the United States. The report is based on a survey of senior executives from the mobile payment value chain. Survey results shed light on the key barriers that have traditionally challenged the mobile payment market in the United States, including the lack of revenue-sharing agreements, a dearth of consumer knowledge, low levels of demand and competing platforms in a fragmented market. Getting ahead of the curve will require companies to develop mutually beneficial business models and take advantage of further innovations made on the mobile platform. Ultimately, mobile carriers and financial institutions must come to the table and sacrifice in the short-term to create an opportunity to win big down the road

Use of electric money in Japan

This paper will take a look at electric money and demonstrate that it cannot entirely replace cash in Japan. With the progress of Information Technology (IT), Electronic Commerce (EC, e-commerce) has recently expanded into the society in Japan. However, since Japan is still a developing nation in IT, the government has decided to advance the plan eJapan in 2001 that aims to make Japan the leading IT nation in the world within five years with all of the citizens actively using IT (IT Square, 2003). In the plan, the government has largely focused on five projects, which are the construction of the high-speed network infrastructure, the spread of IT training, the realization of an electronic government, the realization of keeping high security and credibility in the Information network, and the development of e-commerce (Fujisawa, 2001). The government has planned to activate the country\u27s economy with the spread of e-commerce. In this context, electric money is in the spotlight as a payment tool of the next generation. Although some ways of settlement such as credit cards are now used, it is projected that electric money will become more popular in the future because of its advantages such as high security or instant settlement in comparison to other ways of payment. Besides, it is also predicted that electric money could replace cash (NTT, 2000). However, the currency of electric money is still in the tentative stage, and the adoption of electric money among the general public is still low. In addition, there are various problems or barriers preventing the prevalence of electric money. For example, all the past tests of popularizing electric money in Japan ended in failure due to the inconvenience of using it. There is a strong custom that the Japanese people mainly use cash for the shopping, whereas checks or credit cards are universal in the Western countries. There are other challenges. People are worried about crimes such as forgery and robbery of electric money in terms of security. The definition of electric money in the law is also very complicated. All of these affect the spread of electric money. There are different opinions about electric money in Japan. One is that cash could be superseded by electric money in the future. The other is that the former opinion is rather wishful thinking, and electric money will only partly prevail as one of the payment ways. At any rate, it is said that people will readily use electric money if it is really convenient and safe to use. Both the public and the government have taken note of the future of electric money. In this connection, it is worthwhile to examine electric money and show its possibilities. First, this paper will briefly explain the basics of electric money such as its origins, varieties and characteristics of electric money. Second, this paper will examine some examples of the past experiments and the current conditions of electric money in terms of usability. Third, this paper will examine the security of electric money. Fourth, this paper will inspect the law for supporting the use of electric money. Fifth, this paper will discuss the culture that affects on the prevalence of electric money. Finally, this paper will draw a conclusion that electric money could not entirely replace cash in Japan, namely it could only be an alternative payment way with collecting these bases

Near Field Communication: From theory to practice

This book provides the technical essentials, state-of-the-art knowledge, business ecosystem and standards of Near Field Communication (NFC)by NFC Lab - Istanbul research centre which conducts intense research on NFC technology. In this book, the authors present the contemporary research on all aspects of NFC, addressing related security aspects as well as information on various business models. In addition, the book provides comprehensive information a designer needs to design an NFC project, an analyzer needs to analyze requirements of a new NFC based system, and a programmer needs to implement an application. Furthermore, the authors introduce the technical and administrative issues related to NFC technology, standards, and global stakeholders. It also offers comprehensive information as well as use case studies for each NFC operating mode to give the usage idea behind each operating mode thoroughly. Examples of NFC application development are provided using Java technology, and security considerations are discussed in detail. Key Features: Offers a complete understanding of the NFC technology, including standards, technical essentials, operating modes, application development with Java, security and privacy, business ecosystem analysis Provides analysis, design as well as development guidance for professionals from administrative and technical perspectives Discusses methods, techniques and modelling support including UML are demonstrated with real cases Contains case studies such as payment, ticketing, social networking and remote shopping This book will be an invaluable guide for business and ecosystem analysts, project managers, mobile commerce consultants, system and application developers, mobile developers and practitioners. It will also be of interest to researchers, software engineers, computer scientists, information technology specialists including students and graduates.Publisher's Versio