An analysis of winning streak's effects in language course of “Duolingo” *

This paper explores the effects of the winning streak on users' motivation and engagement in Duolingo's language course. The winning streak has been used in sport and video games to describe a consecutive number of successful actions and increase players' attention to complete their goal. Similarly, in gamified education system, the winning streak is employed as a game element to boost up motivation of learners. By applying game refinement theory as an assessment method, enjoyment of two user groups in Duolingo is measured to compare. The results indicate that the winning streak can boost up learners' motivation and attention to complete their goals. It also expressed that the winning streak is more significant for advanced learners who are in the high level of milestone than those who are in the low level of milestone

Analysis of The Attractiveness of Soccer: A Game Refinement Model and The Significance of “Antagonistic Rate”

Soccer (or association football) is now the most popular sports game in the world. Various underlying factors may explain its reasons to be popular. However, there is no underlying explanation as to why the nature of the game processes was appealing to all people of all ages. However, measuring such subjective metric were empirically challenging and costly. In this paper, a mathematical model of a soccer game is established based on the game refinement theory, where the internal processes of a soccer game are explored where interpretation based on the “antagonistic rate” is established. Based on such measures, two stages were identified in the soccer game, and various soccer leagues' data were utilized as the testbed. Further analysis of the soccer game was determined based on physics in mind measure using correspondence of Newtonian law of motions. These measures provide insights into the game stages' underlying entertainment value, as well as a new perspective on the soccer game attractiveness

A Paradigm Shift from Optimal Play to Mental Comfort: A Perspective from the Game Refinement Theory

The game refinement theory focuses on the game designer perspective, where its application in various types of games provides evidence of the occurring paradigm shift. Utilizing the logistical model of game outcome uncertainty, it provides a platform for incorporating gamified experience observed in games to be adopted in domains outside of game while retaining the context of the game. Making games as a testbed, the implications of the game refinement theory have been observed in the educational and business perspective, while further explored its utility in interpreting some states of the human mind. In addition, a holistic view of design in games and in the real-world environments was discussed, where the prospects of the game refinement theory were also highlighted

Uma proposta de jogo para desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional e da consciência ambiental

INTRODUCTION: Discussions around the development of Computational Thinking have demanded efforts to propose methods, techniques and tools that can assist in this process, especially in the school context. This paper deals with the development of an educational game with the theme "Environment and Sustainability" involving the pillars of Computational Thinking. OBJECTIVE: The game aims to assist the development of Computational Thinking by solving the problems to be solved in the missions of the heroine Sofia. The proposal for creating the game points out ways to create tools that work across curriculum themes. Tactics usually incorporated into the algorithmic language that permeate the problem solving processes in Computer Science be used. METHOD: The creation of the game followed a development process based on agile methodologies. The human cognitive structure was considered together with the intertwining between the games and the four pillars of Computational Thinking for the composition of an architecture applied to the game map. RESULTS: The evaluation of the game map regarding the "algorithmization" of the phases fulfilled the requirements regarding the location of the pillars (Decomposition, Pattern, Abstraction and Algorithm). The game, as an entertainment product, was evaluated using the E-Game Flow which pointed to acceptance by the evaluators (undergraduate students in the Computing area) and some suggestions for improvement were recorded. CONCLUSION: Games are presented as an important tool regarding the development process of Computational Thinking considering the engagement they can cause in their users and the possibilities of using their mechanics for directed learning.INTRODUÇÃO: As discussões em torno do desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional, têm demandado esforços no sentido de propor métodos, técnicas e ferramentas que possam auxiliar nesse processo, sobretudo em contexto escolar. O presente artigo trata do desenvolvimento de um jogo educacional com o tema “Ambiente e Sustentabilidade” envolvendo os pilares do Pensamento Computacional. OBJETIVO: O jogo tem como objetivo auxiliar no desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional através da resolução dos problemas a serem resolvidos nas missões da heroína Sofia. A proposta de criação do jogo aponta formas de criar ferramentas que trabalhem temas curriculares de forma transversal. São usadas táticas usualmente incorporadas à linguagem algorítmica que permeiam os processos de resolução de problemas em Ciência da Computação. MÉTODO: A criação do jogo seguiu um processo de desenvolvimento baseado em metodologias ágeis. Foi considerada a estrutura cognitiva humana juntamente com o entrelaçamento entre os jogos e os quatro pilares do Pensamento Computacional para a composição de uma arquitetura aplicada ao mapa do jogo.. RESULTADOS: A avaliação do mapa do jogo no que tange a "algoritmização" das fases cumpriu os requisitos quanto à localização dos pilares (Decomposição, Padrão, Abstração e Algoritmo). O jogo, enquanto produto de entretenimento, foi avaliado usando o E-Game Flow que apontou para aceitação dos avaliadores (alunos de graduação da área de Computação) e foram registradas algumas sugestões de melhoria. CONCLUSÃO: Os jogos se apresentam como uma importante ferramenta no que tange o processo de desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional considerando o engajamento que podem causar em seus usuários e as possibilidades de utilização de suas mecânicas para aprendizagem direcionada.

A Mathematical Model of Game Refinement and Its Applications to Sports Games

This paper explores a mathematical model of game progress. We claim that a realistic model of the game progress during the in-game period is not linear but exponential. The second derivative value, i.e., acceleration in the sense of dynamics, is derived from the model and we propose to use the value as a measure of game refinement. T his i s b ecause a cceleration o f g ame p rogress s hould b e r elated t o t he e motional impact i n our minds, as thrill or engagement in games. We also evaluate well known games using our theory like sport games, that would further be classified by the rule to finish the game. It is expected that the game refinement theory will be widely used as a tool to assess the quality of various types of games as a new game theory