OPEN SOURCE WEB TOOL FOR TRACKING IN A LOWCOST MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM

During the last decade several Mobile Mapping Systems (MMSs), i.e. systems able to acquire efficiently three dimensional data using moving sensors (Guarnieri et al., 2008, Schwarz and El-Sheimy, 2004), have been developed. Research and commercial products have been implemented on terrestrial, aerial and marine platforms, and even on human-carried equipment, e.g. backpack (Lo et al., 2015, Nex and Remondino, 2014, Ellum and El-Sheimy, 2002, Leica Pegasus backpack, 2016, Masiero et al., 2017, Fissore et al., 2018).<br><br> Such systems are composed of an integrated array of time-synchronised navigation sensors and imaging sensors mounted on a mobile platform (Puente et al., 2013, Tao and Li, 2007). Usually the MMS implies integration of different types of sensors, such as GNSS, IMU, video camera and/or laser scanners that allow accurate and quick mapping (Li, 1997, Petrie, 2010, Tao, 2000). The typical requirement of high-accuracy 3D georeferenced reconstruction often makes such systems quite expensive. Indeed, at time of writing most of the terrestrial MMSs on the market have a cost usually greater than 50000, which might be expensive for certain applications (Ellum and El-Sheimy, 2002, Piras et al., 2008). In order to allow best performance sensors have to be properly calibrated (Dong et al., 2007, Ellum and El-Sheimy, 2002).<br><br> Sensors in MMSs are usually integrated and managed through a dedicated software, which is developed ad hoc for the devices mounted on the mobile platform and hence tailored for the specific used sensors. Despite the fact that commercial solutions are complete, very specific and particularly related to the typology of survey, their price is a factor that restricts the number of users and the possible interested sectors.<br><br> This paper describes a (relatively low cost) terrestrial Mobile Mapping System developed at the University of Padua (TESAF, Department of Land Environment Agriculture and Forestry) by the research team in CIRGEO, in order to test an alternative solution to other more expensive MMSs. The first objective of this paper is to report on the development of a prototype of MMS for the collection of geospatial data based on the assembly of low cost sensors managed through a web interface developed using open source libraries. The main goal is to provide a system accessible by any type of user, and flexible to any type of upgrade or introduction of new models of sensors or versions thereof. After a presentation of the hardware components used in our system, a more detailed description of the software developed for the management of the MMS will be provided, which is the part of the innovation of the project. According to the worldwide request for having big data available through the web from everywhere in the world (Pirotti et al., 2011), the proposed solution allows to retrieve data from a web interface Figure 4. Actually, this is part of a project for the development of a new web infrastructure in the University of Padua (but it will be available for external users as well), in order to ease collaboration between researchers from different areas.<br><br> Finally, strengths, weaknesses and future developments of the low cost MMS are discussed

The EnMAP user interface and user request scenarios

EnMAP (Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program) is a German hyperspectral satellite mission providing high quality hyperspectral image data on a timely and frequent basis. Main objective is to investigate a wide range of ecosystem parameters encompassing agriculture, forestry, soil and geological environments, coastal zones and inland waters. The EnMAP Ground Segment will be designed, implemented and operated by the German Aerospace Center (DLR). The Applied Remote Sensing Cluster (DFD) at DLR is responsible for the establishment of a user interface. This paper provides details on the concept, design and functionality of the EnMAP user interface and a first analysis about potential user scenarios. The user interface consists of two online portals. The EnMAP portal (www.enmap.org) provides general EnMAP mission information. It is the central entry point for all international users interested to learn about the EnMAP mission, its objectives, status, data products and processing chains. The EnMAP Data Access Portal (EDAP) is the entry point for any EnMAP data requests and comprises a set of service functions offered for every registered user. The scientific user is able to task the EnMAP HSI for Earth observations by providing tasking parameters, such as area, temporal aspects and allowed tilt angle. In the second part of that paper different user scenarios according to the previously explained tasking parameters are presented and discussed in terms of their feasibility for scientific projects. For that purpose, a prototype of the observation planning tool enabling visualization of different user request scenarios was developed. It can be shown, that the number of data takes in a certain period of time increases with the latitude of the observation area. Further, the observation area can differ with the tilt angle of the satellite. Such findings can be crucial for the planning of remote sensing based projects, especially for those investigating ecosystem gradients in the time domain

Safety in Supervisory Control for Critical Systems

Part 10: Control and DecisionInternational audienceRecent studies show the designs of automated systems are becoming increasingly complex to meet the global competitive market. Additionally, organizations have focused on policies to achieve people’s safety and health, environmental management system, and controlling of risks, based on standards. In this context, any industrial system in the event of a fault that is not diagnosed and treated correctly could be considered to pose a serious risk to people’s health, to the environment and to the industrial equipment. According to experts, the concept of Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) is a practical solution to these types of issues. They strongly recommend layers for risk reduction based on control systems organized hierarchically in order to manage risks, preventing or mitigating faults, or to bringing the process to a safe state. Additionally, the concept of Risk and Hazard Control can be applied to accomplish the required functionalities. It is based on problem solving components and considers a cooperative way to find a control solution. In this context, the software architecture can be based on a service-oriented architecture (SOA) approach. This paper initially proposes a new architecture for design of safety control systems for critical systems, based on Safety Supervisory Control Architecture, in accordance with standards IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. Furthermore, a method is also proposed for design the control layer of risk prevention within Safety Supervisory Control Architecture

SMS-Based Medical Diagnostic Telemetry Data Transmission Protocol for Medical Sensors

People with special medical monitoring needs can, these days, be sent home and remotely monitored through the use of data logging medical sensors and a transmission base-station. While this can improve quality of life by allowing the patient to spend most of their time at home, most current technologies rely on hardwired landline technology or expensive mobile data transmissions to transmit data to a medical facility. The aim of this paper is to investigate and develop an approach to increase the freedom of a monitored patient and decrease costs by utilising mobile technologies and SMS messaging to transmit data from patient to medico. To this end, we evaluated the capabilities of SMS and propose a generic communications protocol which can work within the constraints of the SMS format, but provide the necessary redundancy and robustness to be used for the transmission of non-critical medical telemetry from data logging medical sensors

Sensor Networks in the Low Lands

This paper provides an overview of scientific and industrial developments of the last decade in the area of sensor networks in The Netherlands (Low Lands). The goal is to highlight areas in which the Netherlands has made most contributions and is currently a dominant player in the field of sensor networks. On the one hand, motivations, addressed topics, and initiatives taken in this period are presented, while on the other hand, special emphasis is given to identifying current and future trends and formulating a vision for the coming five to ten years. The presented overview and trend analysis clearly show that Dutch research and industrial efforts, in line with recent worldwide developments in the field of sensor technology, present a clear shift from sensor node platforms, operating systems, communication, networking, and data management aspects of the sensor networks to reasoning/cognition, control, and actuation

Towards a Tool-based Development Methodology for Pervasive Computing Applications

Despite much progress, developing a pervasive computing application remains a challenge because of a lack of conceptual frameworks and supporting tools. This challenge involves coping with heterogeneous devices, overcoming the intricacies of distributed systems technologies, working out an architecture for the application, encoding it in a program, writing specific code to test the application, and finally deploying it. This paper presents a design language and a tool suite covering the development life-cycle of a pervasive computing application. The design language allows to define a taxonomy of area-specific building-blocks, abstracting over their heterogeneity. This language also includes a layer to define the architecture of an application, following an architectural pattern commonly used in the pervasive computing domain. Our underlying methodology assigns roles to the stakeholders, providing separation of concerns. Our tool suite includes a compiler that takes design artifacts written in our language as input and generates a programming framework that supports the subsequent development stages, namely implementation, testing, and deployment. Our methodology has been applied on a wide spectrum of areas. Based on these experiments, we assess our approach through three criteria: expressiveness, usability, and productivity