Bridging the Gap: Canadian Engineer Operations at Canal du Nord–Bourlon Wood, 1918

During the last hundred days of the Great War, the Allied armies swept eastward past the Hindenburg Line with hammer-blow offensive warfare. Performing their work under intense machine gun and shell fire, engineers erected bridges and constructed roads, allowing infantry and artillery units to pursue the retreating enemy. These combat engineers played a vital role in battle tactics and logistical services of open warfare. Their versatile formations contributed to the Canadian Corps’ rapid victories, which included the successful Canal du Nord crossing leading to the capture of Bourlon Wood in September 1918

Bridging the Gap: Canadian Engineer Operations at Canal du Nord–Bourlon Wood, 1918

During the last hundred days of the Great War, the Allied armies swept eastward past the Hindenburg Line with hammer-blow offensive warfare. Performing their work under intense machine gun and shell fire, engineers erected bridges and constructed roads, allowing infantry and artillery units to pursue the retreating enemy. These combat engineers played a vital role in battle tactics and logistical services of open warfare. Their versatile formations contributed to the Canadian Corps’ rapid victories, which included the successful Canal du Nord crossing leading to the capture of Bourlon Wood in September 1918

Nervous System Architecture: Staff College Graduates and the Formation of Regular, Territorial Force, New Army, and Dominion Divisions, 1914-1916

The historiography of the First World War lacks an assessment of the role that trained staff officers had during the expansion of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) between 1914 and 1918. This article aims to determine what role staff college graduates played in the early expansion of the BEF. The central conclusion of this article is that staff-trained officers were critical in the expansion of the BEF during the war. They occupied all the key command and staff appointments in the British regular army, the Territorial Force, New Army, and Dominion divisions, both when those formations were formed and when they first went into action. The armies of the empire could neither have expanded nor functioned without them

The varved succession of Crawford Lake, Milton, Ontario, Canada as a candidate Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series

An annually laminated succession in Crawford Lake, Ontario, Canada is proposed as the Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Anthropocene as a series/epoch with a base dated at 1950 CE. Varve couplets of organic matter capped by calcite precipitated each summer in alkaline surface waters reflect environmental change at global to local scales. Spheroidal carbonaceous particles and nitrogen isotopes record an increase in fossil fuel combustion in the early 1950s, coinciding with fallout from nuclear and thermonuclear testing—239+240Pu and 14C:12C, the latter more than compensating for the effects of old carbon in this dolomitic basin. Rapid industrial expansion in the North American Great Lakes region led to enhanced leaching of terrigenous elements by acid precipitation during the Great Acceleration, and calcite precipitation was reduced, producing thin calcite laminae around the GSSP that is marked by a sharp decline in elm pollen (Dutch Elm disease). The lack of bioturbation in well-oxygenated bottom waters, supported by the absence of fossil pigments from obligately anaerobic purple sulfur bacteria, is attributed to elevated salinities and high alkalinity below the chemocline. This aerobic depositional environment, unusual in a meromictic lake, inhibits the mobilization of 239Pu, the proposed primary stratigraphic guide for the Anthropocene

Serving Us Rights: Securing the Right to Food in Canada

In recent decades, Canada has consistently failed to uphold basic human rights, including the right to food. This has caused widespread and persistent household food insecurity (HFI) which has become a serious, albeit overlooked, public health concern. Working from a political economic perspective, this article situates HFI within the context of the poverty resulting from neoliberal “rollbacks” to the welfare state. The majority of community and policy responses to HFI focus on the production or redistribution of food, which misses the underlying issue of inadequate income. These responses may even perpetuate food insecurity by offloading safety net functions onto corporations and communities that cannot compensate for welfare programs. In order to strengthen income-based responses to food insecurity, we recommend policy interventions under the “right to food” framework, which places primary responsibility on the state. But unlike traditionally legal conceptions of the right to food, we emphasize its utility as a tool for mobilizing civil society, which is a powerful yet underutilized source of accountability to state obligations. This approach therefore combines political action with policymaking, and civil society with senior governments, in the collective realization of the right to food

Council of Scottish Clans Association, Inc. Records - Accession 585

The collection consists of mainly newsletters of the associations and other affiliated organizations of the various Scottish Clans, but also included are correspondence, directories, membership lists, brochures, bylaws and constitutions, and books. Affiliated organizations include: Agnew Family Association, Clan Anderson Society, Clan Baird Society, Boggs Family, Clan Buchanan Society, Clan Cameron Society, Clan Campbell Society, Clan Carmichael Family, Clan Chattan Society, Clan Chisholm Society, Clan Colquhoun Association, Cranston Society, Cummins Family Association, Clan Cunning Association, Clan Donald, Clan Donnachaidh Society, Clan Douglas Society, Clan Dunbar Society, Elliot Clan Society, Clan Ewen Society, Clan Farquharson Society, Clan Ferguson Society, Forsyth Family Society, Clan Fraser Society, Clan Galbraith Association, Clan Gillespie Society, House of Gordon, Clan Graham Society, Clan Gregor Society, Clan Gunn Society, Clan Hamilton Society, Clan Hanna/Hannay/Hannah Society, Clan Hay Society, International Bell Society, Clan Irwin Association, Clan Johnstone, Keith Clan Society, Kennedy Society, Kerr Family Association, American Clan Leslie Society, Clan Lindsay Association, Clan MacAlister Society, Clan MacArthur Society, Clan MacBean, MacBeth Clan Association, Clan MacCallum/Malcom Association, Clan MacDougall Society, MacDuffie/MacFie Clan, Clan MacInnes Society, Clan MacIntyre Association, Clan MacKay Society, Clan MacKenzie Society, Clan MacKinnon Society, Clan MacKintosh, Clan MacLean Society, Clan MacLennan Society, Clan MacLeod, Clan MacMillan, Clan MacNab, Clan MacNaughton, Clan MacNeil Association, Clan MacPherson Association, Clan MacQuarrie Society, Clan MacQueen Association, Clan MacRae Society, Clan MacTavish Association, Clan MacThomas Society, Clan Maitland, Clan Matheson Society, Clan Maxwell Society, Clan Montgomery Society, John Moore Association, Clan Morrison, Clan Munro Association, Murray Clan Society, Clan Rose Society, Clan Ross, Scrimgeour Clan Association, Clan Sinclair, Clan Smith Society, Snodgrass Clan, Clan Southerland Society, St. Andrews Society, Turnbull Clan Association, Ultish American Society, Clan Urguhart Association, Clan Wallace Society.https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/manuscriptcollection_findingaids/2639/thumbnail.jp

Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT) Analysis of the Adaptations to Anatomical Education in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland in Response to the Covid‐19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has driven the fastest changes to higher education across the globe, necessitated by social distancing measures preventing any face to face teaching. This has led to an almost immediate switch to distance learning by higher education institutions. Anatomy faces some unique challenges. Intrinsically, anatomy is a three-dimensional subject that requires a sound understanding of the relationships between structures, often achieved by the study of human cadaveric material, models and virtual resources. This study sought to identify the approaches taken in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland to deliver anatomical education through online means. Data were collected from 14 different universities in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland and compared adopting a thematic analysis approach. Once themes were generated, they were collectively brought together using a strength, weakness, opportunity, threat (SWOT) analysis. Key themes included the opportunity to develop new online resources and the chance to engage in new academic collaborations. Academics frequently mentioned the challenge that time constrains could place on the quality and effectiveness of these resources; especially as in many cases the aim of these resources is to compensate for a lack of exposure to cadaveric exposure. Comparisons of the actions taken by multiple higher education institutions reveals the ways that academics have tried to balance this demand. Discussions will facilitate decisions being made by higher education institutions regarding adapting the curriculum and assessment methods in anatomy

Bulletin of the Jefferson Nurses\u27 Alumnae

Greetings to Alumnae Members Everywhere The Class Rooms - 1907-1935 Curtis Clinic Treasurer\u27s Report Commencement Week Jefferson Alumnae, 1893-1934 Lost Alumna

Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP): 1-week Group Intervention with Children Referred for Motor Coordination Difficulties

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention delivered in a group format in a 1-week summer day camp program for children referred for motor coordination difficulties. Transfer of learned skills to self-selected tasks not addressed in the group intervention was also explored. Method: A quasi-experimental one group pretest-posttest design with a 1-month follow-up was used. Changes in nine children’s self-selected occupational performance goals, as well as their sense of self-efficacy for these goals, were determined using nonparametric statistics. Results: Findings indicate a significant performance improvement at both posttest and follow-up, with large effect sizes. Self-efficacy also significantly changed across sessions on tasks directly addressed, with large effect sizes. No statistically significant changes for any of the measures were noted for the tasks that were not addressed during camp. Conclusion: The CO-OP in group format in an intensive 4-day summer day camp was effective in improving performance of self-selected camp goals, as well as self-efficacy, but less effective for transfer of learned skills to other tasks

Improving Zero-shot Visual Question Answering via Large Language Models with Reasoning Question Prompts

Zero-shot Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a prominent vision-language task that examines both the visual and textual understanding capability of systems in the absence of training data. Recently, by converting the images into captions, information across multi-modalities is bridged and Large Language Models (LLMs) can apply their strong zero-shot generalization capability to unseen questions. To design ideal prompts for solving VQA via LLMs, several studies have explored different strategies to select or generate question-answer pairs as the exemplar prompts, which guide LLMs to answer the current questions effectively. However, they totally ignore the role of question prompts. The original questions in VQA tasks usually encounter ellipses and ambiguity which require intermediate reasoning. To this end, we present Reasoning Question Prompts for VQA tasks, which can further activate the potential of LLMs in zero-shot scenarios. Specifically, for each question, we first generate self-contained questions as reasoning question prompts via an unsupervised question edition module considering sentence fluency, semantic integrity and syntactic invariance. Each reasoning question prompt clearly indicates the intent of the original question. This results in a set of candidate answers. Then, the candidate answers associated with their confidence scores acting as answer heuristics are fed into LLMs and produce the final answer. We evaluate reasoning question prompts on three VQA challenges, experimental results demonstrate that they can significantly improve the results of LLMs on zero-shot setting and outperform existing state-of-the-art zero-shot methods on three out of four data sets. Our source code is publicly released at \url{https://github.com/ECNU-DASE-NLP/RQP}