The relationship between positive behavior interventions and supports and school climate/culture in elementary schools

Based on the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) mandates, weakened climate/culture, decreased academic scores, and endangered job security, the implementation of a successful behavioral intervention program within the school setting was a necessity (Homer & Sugai, 2000). Quantitative data were obtained from two assessment tools, the School-wide Evaluation Tool (SET) and the School Climate Assessment Instrument (SCAI). To determine the levels of implementation of Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS), and if there were significant differences in the levels of the participating schools\u27 climate and culture, the following research questions were answered: (a) What is the level of implementation of Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports in the selected schools over a three-year period? (b) Were there any significant differences in the levels of climate/culture amongst the selected schools? The population of the study came from the faculty of four elementary schools in northern Louisiana. To protect the anonymity of the schools, the participating schools were listed as Schools A through D. According to the General Index obtained from the SET, each of the four schools had satisfactory levels (for the school years of 2012-13, 2013-14, and 2014-15) of PBIS implementation, however it was noted that there were significant differences amongst all four schools in each dimension of the SCAI. Building level administrators can benefit from the findings of this study. Building level administrators should guide their schools with the knowledge that consistent PBIS implementation and a positive climate/culture can provide progressive changes

Dagstuhl News January - December 2006

"Dagstuhl News" is a publication edited especially for the members of the Foundation "Informatikzentrum Schloss Dagstuhl" to thank them for their support. The News give a summary of the scientific work being done in Dagstuhl. Each Dagstuhl Seminar is presented by a small abstract describing the contents and scientific highlights of the seminar as well as the perspectives or challenges of the research topic

Химическая термодинамика и расчет параметров ионных равновесий индия(III) в перхлоратных, хлоридных и сульфатных водных растворах

The problem of activity coefficients dependence of indium(In)-containing complex species and of corresponding concentration formation constants from qualitative and quantitative composition of aqueous solutions is discussed. The Bmnsted-Guggenheim-Scatchard’s model (Specific ion Interaction Theory, SIT), basing on extended semi-empirical Debye-Huckel equation in third approximation is supplied. The checking of data for formation constants of complexes on comparability and consistency, including for different background electrolytes can be done using this model. The survey of basic specific interaction coefficients (SIC) is done. The constancy of this coefficients is permissible in the definite ionic strengths ranges, or it’s necessary using two-parameters coefficients fitting. The classical SIT model is modified by the introduction of mixing parameters (SIC of same charge ion). On the basis of the numerical critical analysis of the available literature experimental data, with employment of the SIT, thermodynamic formation (stability) constants of chloro-, sulfato-aqua-complexes and hydrolysis constants of indiumfII) and related specific interaction coefficients (“non-ideality” parameters) in acidic aqueous solutions (pH < 5.5) at ambient temperature (20-25 °C) are calculated. The quotients of cationic and anionic complexes parts in SIC are separated according to empiric Ciavatta’s approach. Discrepancies of published «thermodynamic» constants may be caused by evidencing methodological and calculated errors (essential change of activity factors in series of experiments or various competing ion equilibria are neglected), as well as inaccuracies of extrapolation methods and choice of conditional standard state or erroneous evaluation of formal and standard potentials, but with the exception of alternative Baes-Mesmer’s nonlinear regression procedure. The job’s results could be used for modeling of the indium(III) state in some aqueous solutions and for study of indium and other metal ions complexation or prediction of their electrochemical and geochemical behaviour.В статье рассмотрена проблема описания зависимости коэффициентов активностей комплексных ионов индия(III) и соответствующих концентрационных констант образования от состава водных растворов. Для расчета ионных взаимодействий комплексов предложена модель Бренстеда-Гуггенгейма-Скэтчарда (теория специфических межионньх взаимодействий, SIT), базирующаяся на расширенном полуэмпирическом уравнении Дебая-Хюккеля в третьем приближении. С использованием SIT осуществима проверка на сопоставимость и согласованность данных по константам образования комплексов в различных фоновых электролитах Приведен обзор базовых коэффициентов специфического взаимодействия (КСВ). Показано, что постоянство этих коэффициентов допустимо в определенных диапазонах ионной силы, в противном случае требуется использование двухпараметровых приближений. Классическая модель SIT модифицирована введением параметров смешения (КСВ ионов одного знака заряда). На основе численного критического анализа доступных литературных экспериментальных данных с применением SIT рассчитаны термодинамические константы образования (устойчивости) хлороаква-, сульфатоаквакомплексов и константы гидролиза индия(III), а также соответствующие коэффициенты специфических м.ежионных взаимодействий (парам.етры «неидеальности») в кислых водных растворах (pH < 5.5) при температуре 20-25 C. В соответствии с эмпирическим подходом Чиаватты разделены коэффициенты катионных и анионных частей комплексов в КСВ. На основании литературных данных сделан вывод, что различия «термодинамических» констант комплексообразования могут быть вызваны как доказанными методологическими или расчетными ошибками, когда пренебрегают существенным изменением коэффициентов активностей в серии экспериментов или различными конкурентными ионными равновесиями, так и неточностями методов экстраполяции, ошибочными расчетами формального и стандартного потенциалов восстановления катионов индия(III). Исключением является альтернативная процедура нелинейной регрессии Баэса-Месмера, которую нельзя считать неадекватной. Результаты работы могут быть использованы для моделирования состояния индия(III) в различных водных растворах, для изучения комплексообразования ионов индия(III) и других металлов или предсказания их электрохимического и геохимического поведения

A County-Level Analysis of the Relationship between Voter Behavior as a Proxy for Partisan Ideology, Income, and the Effects on Health Morbidity and Mortality Measures

Introduction: Domestic research studies focused on the interrelationships between political ideology characteristics inherent in policy decisions and the contributions these political determinants exert over health indicators and outcomes are limited. Given the paucity of research that focuses on political and policy support of health at the county-level, this study sets out to utilize the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute’s (UWPHI) annual County Health Rankings data and examine them within the context of county-based majority political partisanship and economic measures. Methods: This exploratory ecological study examined differences between independent variables: partisan voting behavior (trichotomized as conservative, moderate, and liberal) and median per capita household income in U.S. dollars (by quartile) on dependent variables related to mortality (years of productive life lost) and morbidity (number of poor mental and physical health days) at the county-level to compare differences in political and ideological underpinnings that may act as influencers on health outcomes. Multiple data sources were combined and matched to all 3,140 counties located in the U.S. Two-way between-subjects ANOVA statistical tests were conducted to determine if there is an effect of partisan voter index category on the three aforementioned dependent variables related to health outcomes, and median per capita income by quartile. Results: There was a statistically significant main interaction between median per capita household income by quartile and partisan voter index category on years of productive life lost, F(6,2789) = 19.3, p \u3c .000, partial η2 = .040. While there were also statistically significant interactions between the independent and dependent variables of poor mental and physical health days, results of those analyses should be interpreted with caution. Pertaining to years of productive life lost, post hoc analyses of significant interactions revealed significant differences at the lower income quartile, but not in the expected direction. The conservative category had statistically significant lower years of productive life lost in comparison to the liberal category (M = -8.21, SE = 1.47, p = .000). Also, there were significant differences detected in the upper quartile suggesting that the liberal category has lower years of productive life lost in comparison to the conservative category (M = 7.06, SE = 1.06, p = .000). Conclusion: Results should be interpreted with caution and suggest more research and methodological refinements are needed, particularly related to categorizing county-level political dynamics

The Impact Of Opt-Out Legislation On Access And Delivery Of Anesthesia Services In California

ABSTRACT THE IMPACT OF OPT-OUT LEGISLATION ON ACCESS AND DELIVERY OF ANESTHESIA SERVICES IN CALIFORNIA Anesthesia services provide the support and stability for patient safety during surgical procedures. The service delivery can come from a variety of providers trained in anesthesia, and the typical approach comes in a team model of physician anesthesiologist (MDA), supervising a certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA). Researchers examine the various anesthesia services consisting of MDA alone, CRNA only, and the anesthesia care team model (ACT) with focus on their safety and quality. Stakeholders debate which anesthesia method of delivery is best suited for the patient care. In recent literature, these methods were tested by focusing on variables, including the anesthesia practitioner type and their skill sets, patient complexity, and defined patient outcomes, such as pain management, postoperative nausea and vomiting, length of hospitalization, and death. In 2001, the Executive Branch of the United States (U.S.) Federal Government released a rule, Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Hospital Conditions of Participation: Anesthesia Services, allowing states to opt-out of the federal requirement stipulating that a physician must supervise the delivery of anesthesia care by a CRNA to provide greater access to services when shortages of providers exists (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2001; Lewis, Nicholson, Smith, & Alderson, 2014; & Sun, Miller, & Halzack, 2016). President Clinton signed that conditions of participation enacting the rule nationwide. However, his successor President Bush, amended this ruling to become state specific. This requirement intended to support access to care in rural areas improve. Since 2001, nineteen states have passed opt-out legislation; for example, California was the 15th state to opt out in 2009 (Sun et al., 2016). However, few studies to date include investigation of how this legislation affected the access to quality anesthesia care. The purpose of this proposed study is to analyze how opt-out legislation in California has impacted the three types of anesthesia delivery methods with nurse anesthesia practice for surgical services and their subsequent outcomes

NASA patent abstracts bibliography: A continuing bibliography. Section 2: Indexes (supplement 14)

This issue of the Index Section contains entries for 3512 patent and applications for patent citations covering the period May 1969 through December 1978. The Index Section contains five indexes --- subject, inventor, source, number, and accession number

Bibliography of Lewis Research Center Technical Publications announced in 1991

This compilation of abstracts describes and indexes the technical reporting that resulted from the scientific engineering work performed and managed by the Lewis Research Center in 1991. All the publications were announced in the 1991 issues of STAR (Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports) and/or IAA (International Aerospace Abstracts). Included are research reports, journal articles, conference presentations, patents and patent applications, and theses