マルチアンテナを活用したマルチパケットアドホックネットワークに関する検討

電気通信大学200

カンレンセイ リロン ニヨル ガイライゴ ノ ブンセキ

These days our society is flooded with loanwords.Loanwords have been investigated by many scholars and even the National Institute for Japanese Language. They proposed the differences between loanwords and original languages, their usage, meanings and characteristics.However, they just described their situation not based on any principles.They have not explained the mechanism of how people borrowed words from other cultures. In this paper, I will explain the machanism of it within the framework of relevance theory.In relevance theory a hearer decodes and handles pragmatic process constrained by the principle of relevance to reach the speaker\u27s intended meaning.One part of the process is ad hoc concept construction, by which a hearer adjusts the concept linguistically encoded by word.Ad hoc concept construction has three ways in which the concept expressed by use of a word on a give occasion may differ from the concept encoded: lexical narrowing,lexical broadening and attributive use.It can shed light on the mechanism of loanwords.Furthermore, attributive use of concepts can provide descriptions of loanwords characteristics proposed by many scholars

イディオム カイシャク ト アドホック ガイネン

Recent approach to lexical pragmatics within the framework of relevance theory, such as Wilson (2004) and Wilson and Carston (2007), claims that the concept linguistically encoded by word may be pragmatically adjusted (i. e. lexical broadening or narrowing) and construct ad hoc concept as a part of the pragmatic process of interpreting the speakerʼ s intended meaning. This inferential process which is guided by the principle of relevance is called ad hoc concept construction. It sheds new lights not only on the recovery of the explicature of the utterance, but also on the understanding of figures of speech such as metaphor. In her series of analysis of idiom, Vega Moreno (2001, 2003, 2005 and 2007) takes this idea of ad hoc concept one step further by expanding its applicable scope from word level to phrase level, and argues that during the comprehension process of utterance containing an idiom, ad hoc concept is constructed at phrase level. Although I acknowledge the contribution of her theory in the field of lexical pragmatics, there seems at least some examples of idioms which her account cannot deal with. In this paper, after reviewing Vega Moreno (2007), I will make some remarks on her approach, and offer possible alternatives to it as well as some suggestions for further research on idioms using the framework of ad hoc concept

ショウリャクゴ イディオム カイシャク ト アドホック ガイネン

Relevance theory, a theory of cognition and communication developed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson, is based on two principles of relevance. One is a Cognitive Principle that human cognition is geared to the maximisation of relevance. The other is a Communicative Principle that utterances create expectations of optimal relevance. Relevance theory claims that utterance interpretation involves the relevance-theoretic comprehension procedure, whereby the addressee is expected to follow a least-effort path in computing cognitive effects, and stop when his expectations of relevance are satisfied.Following this procedure, the explicit content of the utterance, i.e. the explicature, is constructed via decoding, disambiguation, reference assignment, and other pragmatic enrichment processes including ad hoc concept construction. Comprehension is an on-line process, and the　explicature is mutually adjusted with implicated premises and conclusions in order of accessibility. Ad hoc concepts are also constructed through this mutual adjustment process on the relevance-theoretic comprehension procedure.Ad hoc concept construction involves roughly two main types of pragmatic process: lexical narrowing and lexical broadening. The former is the case where a word is used in a more specific sense than the linguistically encoded one, whereas the latter is the case where a word is used in a more general sense, resulting in a broader denotation. There is a still further type of case called attributive use, where a word or phrase is used to represent a concept attributed to someone else or to oneself at another time. The attributive use of concepts may play a crucial role in vocabulary acquisition. This paper focuses on some examples of abbreviations and idioms, and explains how the ad hoc concepts contribute to the interpretation of those examples within the framework of relevance theory