154 research outputs found

    ΠšΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ история английской Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ : ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ пособиС

    Full text link
    Π’ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΌ пособии Π² историчСской ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ английской Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π² доисторичСский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄, Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Античности, Π² романский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π”Π°Π½Π° краткая характСристика Ρ‚ΡŽΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ яркой страницы проявлСния Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… особСнностСй зодчСства, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ РСнСссансу. РассмотрСны вопросы ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ производства, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ конструктивныС особСнности Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ примСняСмыС ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ„ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², схСмы, рисунки. Для студСнтов, ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ для ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ срСдних спСциализированных ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΡΡˆΠΈΡ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ

    Π‘Π’ΠΠ’ΠžΠ’Π˜Π’Π• НА Π“ΠžΠ ΠΠ Π‘Π’Π•Π€ΠΠΠžΠ’Π‘ΠšΠ˜ ЗА Π˜Π”Π•ΠΠ’Π˜Π’Π•Π’ΠžΠ’ И ЗА Π˜Π”Π•ΠΠ’Π˜Π’Π•Π’Π‘ΠšΠ˜Π’Π• ΠΠΠ ΠΠ’Π˜Π’Π˜

    Get PDF
    The paper analyses Goran Stefanovski’s notions on tradition, identity and identity narratives, expressed in the works he wrote after his relocation to Canterbury, Great Britain, at the time when he was already regarded as one of the leading East European playwrights. Unlike James Joyce’s exile, which is characterized by his permanent animosity towards his homeland Ireland and its tradition, Goran Stefanovski’s existence in another geographic, cultural and political context strengthened his affinity towards Macedonian tradition, which he defined as a pillar of the Macedonian identity. At the same time, he perceived his position as existing between two narratives, between two cultures (Macedonian and British), which underlines the necessity for his plays and essays to be interpreted within the context of transnational literature, as they were created and exist between two or more languages and cultural heritages.ВСкстот Π³ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π° ставовитС Π½Π° Π“ΠΎΡ€Π°Π½ БтСфановски Π·Π°: Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π°, ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈ идСнтитСтскитС Π½Π°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ, ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ своитС Π΄Π΅Π»Π° настанати ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ ΠšΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π±Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ, Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π‘Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΡ˜Π°, Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π° вСќС бСшС смСтан Π·Π° Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ‡ΠΊΠΈΡ‚Π΅ драмски Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π° Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π° Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ°. Π—Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ Π΅Π³Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π° ЏСјмс Џојс, Π·Π° кој Π΅ карактСристичСн Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜Π°Π½ Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° Π˜Ρ€ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ˜Π·ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, Π΅Π³Π·ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° Π“ΠΎΡ€Π°Π½ БтСфановски Π²ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ гСографски, ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ контСкст ја засили, ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π° наклоност ΠΊΠΎΠ½ макСдонската Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, која ја Π΄Π΅Ρ„ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡˆΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ столб Π½Π° макСдонскиот ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚. Π’ΠΎ исто Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, БтСфановски ја ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡˆΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ΅ΡšΠ΅ мСѓу Π΄Π²Π° Π½Π°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ, Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ (макСдонската ΠΈ британската), ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ ја ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ€Π° нуТноста Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ драмски Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΈ СсСи Π΄Π° сС ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎ контСкст Π½Π° транснационалната Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°, која ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π° Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ настаналС ΠΈ ΡΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ мСѓу Π΄Π²Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ повСќС Ρ˜Π°Π·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΈ наслСдства

    ЧлСнство Π² ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠŸΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ формирования городской ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π² срСднСвСковой Англии

    Get PDF
    The appearance and growth ofΒ an active community inΒ aΒ seigneurial town were determined byΒ several factors, usually connected with its economic development. There were also various external factors that could influence theΒ process. An important role was played byΒ theΒ royal power that, as it is well known, held aΒ strong position inΒ England and was disinclined to support towns inΒ their struggle for self-governance. This article considers one more factor, i.e. theΒ influence ofΒ town alliances. TheΒ Confederation ofΒ theΒ Cinque Ports, aΒ privileged association ofΒ towns ofΒ south-east England that were obliged to serve theΒ king with their ships, is taken as anΒ example ofΒ such anΒ alliance. ItΒ is used to analyse theΒ influence ofΒ theΒ Confederation onΒ theΒ development ofΒ anΒ urban community inΒ aΒ seigneurial town. TheΒ research mostly focuses onΒ aΒ particular type ofΒ mediatised town, theΒ one under monastic rule. InΒ theΒ Cinque Ports, there were seven towns like that, i.e. Brightlingsea, Faversham, Fordwich, Rye, Sandwich, Stonar, and Winchelsea. TheΒ article examines theΒ causes and theΒ process ofΒ theΒ towns’ entry into theΒ Confederation, their position there, as well as theΒ influence ofΒ this membership onΒ their fight against their monastic lords and theΒ formation ofΒ aΒ self-governing community. TheΒ policy ofΒ theΒ Cinque Ports concerning theΒ seigneurial towns and their interactions with theΒ lords is also under consideration, which allows theΒ author to make some conclusions not only about theΒ development ofΒ theΒ towns inΒ question but also about theΒ nature ofΒ this urban association. TheΒ royal policy towards seigneurial towns also comes into view, as theΒ ports studied had special obligations towards theΒ king and, thus, he was more interested inΒ their affairs. TheΒ study mostly refers to theΒ documentation ofΒ theΒ Confederation and theΒ materials ofΒ theΒ towns’ archives. Although theΒ membership ofΒ theΒ Cinque Ports did not guarantee release from seigneurial power, it still gave theΒ towns aΒ basis, even aΒ legal one, to fight against their monastic lords. TheΒ struggle for their rights led to theΒ consolidation ofΒ theΒ townspeople and formation ofΒ an urban community. TheΒ Confederation supported its members morally, politically, and financially inΒ order to maintain their liberties. However, this was not enough to deliver them from theΒ monastic lordship, which was only possible with royal support.ПоявлСниС ΠΈΒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Β Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π²Β ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ обусловлСно Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΌ мноТСством Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ…, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈΒ Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ…. Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Π»Π° королСвская Π²Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, которая, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ извСстно, в Англии Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π° вСсьма ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΒ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° нС склонна ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Π²Β ΠΈΡ… Π±ΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ±Π΅ за самоуправлСниС. Π’Β ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рассматриваСтся Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Β β€” члСнство в городских ΡΠΎΡŽΠ·Π°Ρ…. На ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠŸΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ассоциации Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² юго-восточной Англии, обязанных нСсСниСм ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π°Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ слуТбы ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŽ, рассматриваСтся влияниС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ объСдинСния Π½Π°Β Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ городской ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π²Β ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅. Для исслСдования Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ сСмь Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈΒ β€” Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° с одинаковым Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€Π°Β β€” монастырСм (Брайтлингси, Π Π°ΠΉ, Π‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ€, Бэндвич, УинчСлси, Π€Π°Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΒ Π€ΠΎΡ€Π΄Π²ΠΈΡ‡). Π’Β ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ и процСсс вступлСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π²Β ΠŸΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡ… позиция Π²Β ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π°Β Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎ влияниС, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ члСнство ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°Β Π±ΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ±Ρƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² со своими монастырскими ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Β Π½ΠΈΡ… ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ удСляСтся Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Β ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΒ ΠΈΡ… взаимодСйствия ΡΒ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ позволяСт ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π½Π΅Β Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΒ ΠΎΒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ городской ассоциации. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° королСвской власти Π²Β ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ оказываСтся в фокусС исслСдования, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π½Π°Β ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ нСсли слуТбу ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ прСдставляли для Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ интСрСс. ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ источниками для исслСдования слуТат Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΒ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ городских Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ². Π₯отя члСнство Π²Β ΠŸΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Π½Π΅Β Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ освобоТдСния ΠΎΡ‚Β ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ власти, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅Β ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ позволяло обрСсти Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρƒ, Π²Β Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°, для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ своим ΡΠ΅Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌ-монастырям. ΠžΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ своих ΠΏΡ€Π°Π² способствовало консолидации Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π½ ΠΈΒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ городской ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΒ Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΡƒ своим Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌ Π²Β ΠΈΡ… Π±ΠΎΡ€ΡŒΠ±Π΅ за свои ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅Β ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅, этого Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ нСдостаточно для освобоТдСния Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ монастырской власти, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ королСвской власти
    • …
    corecore