The Four-Phase Model Of Interest Development: Addressing Individual Differences

Abstract

Although there are various approaches to the conceptualization of interest, here we address that of the four-phase model of interest development (Hidi & Renninger, 2006). Interest is universal as all humans have such experiences, and it has physiological roots. Interest also is individually varying since the triggering of interest is influenced by genetics, personal characteristics, interactions with other people, and the design of the environment. Given the importance of interest to engagement and learning, individual differences warrant serious consideration. Furthermore, it is essential for educators (e.g., teachers, parents), to understand that interest: (a) is malleable and may be supported to develop; (b) has fluctuations that are normal; (c) has a long-range linear trajectory, and (d) is physiologically hardwired, and therefore any typically functioning individuals can be expected to develop interest. Interest is critical for learning, as is acknowledgement of individual differences