The Establishment of the Death Registration System the Modern Japan ―Trials and Development Leading to Ministry of Home Affairs Circular No. 13―

Abstract

明治初年に開始された日本の死亡届出制度は,現代に至るまで,繰り返しその方法が検討され た。本稿では,明治初年の『京都府史料』をもとに,近代日本における死亡届出制度の始動期に 着目し,全国での一斉実施に先立って京都府にて死亡届出制度が試行された意義に関して検討を 行った。明治7(1874)年,全国に先駆けて三府で試行された「医師による死亡届出制度」は, 明治9(1876)年には全国で実施されることなった。京都府における試行は,死亡届出制度の実 行可能性を確認するための事業であるとともに,明治政府が注目してきた流行病対策にとどまら ず,死亡全般に関する情報把握と死亡統計の創設を視野に入れた,近代公衆衛生行政の礎となる 試みであった。Japan’s death registration system, initiated in the early Meiji period, has undergone repeated revisions to its methods up to the present day. This paper examines the significance of the trial implementation of the death registration system in Kyoto Prefecture, based on the “Kyoto Prefecture Historical Materials” from the early Meiji period, focusing on the formative stage of the modern Japanese death registration system. This trial preceded its nationwide implementation. The “system of death registration by physicians” trialed in the three major cities ahead of the rest of the country in 1874, was implemented nationwide by 1876. The trial in Kyoto Prefecture served as a model project to confirm the feasibility of the death registration system. Furthermore, it represented an endeavour to lay the foundations for modern public health.departmental bulletin pape

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