The Transformation of Rukyah al-Hilal: Integrating Digital Imaging Technology in Islamic Moon Sighting Practices

Abstract

Rukyah is a method used to ascertain the start of the Islamic month by observing the sight of the new moon. The purpose of this study is to examine the transformation of traditional rukyah al-hilāl practices with the integration of modern technological tools, specifically digital imaging and telescopes. By analysing classical and contemporary Islamic scholarly perspectives, this research seeks to evaluate how these technological advancements impact the process of moon sighting, which is central to determining the Islamic calendar. The methodology employed in this study is qualitative, utilising a comparative analysis of classical juristic texts from scholars. Data was collected through literature review and analysis of relevant fatwas and scholarly discussions on the permissibility and effectiveness of technological aids in rukyah al-hilāl. The results indicate a clear transformation in the acceptance of technology, with contemporary scholars endorsing the use of telescopes and digital imaging to enhance the accuracy and reliability of moon sighting. While classical scholars acknowledged the use of basic visual aids, they emphasised the importance of direct visual observation. This study is original in its comprehensive examination of how Islamic jurisprudence is adapting to modern technological developments in moon sighting, an area that has not been extensively studied. The implications of this research are significant for Islamic legal institutions, as it provides a framework for integrating technology into religious practices while maintaining alignment with the principles of Islamic jurisprudence. It also highlights the potential for further advancements in the field, paving the way for future discussions on the intersection of faith and science