Entrepreneurship and e-Government : Legal and digital aspects of establishing business entities in a modern environment

Abstract

U ovom radu obrađena je tema osnivanje poslovnih subjekata u Republici Hrvatskoj s naglaskom na pravni okvir i ulogu digitalnih alata javne uprave. Cilj rada bio je analizirati zakonske i institucionalne aspekte poslovnog okruženja, identificirati glavne prepreke te istražiti kako digitalizacija, osobito sustav e-Uprava, utječe na učinkovitost procesa osnivanja i vođenja poslovanja. Prikazan je pregled dostupnih pravnih oblika poslovanja, postupaka registracije te nadležnih tijela uključenih u taj proces. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na funkcionalnost i dostupnost digitalnih alata koje pružaju institucije poput Porezne uprave, FINA-e i Ministarstva gospodarstva. U sklopu istraživačkog dijela provedena je anketa među poduzetnicima kojom su ispitani stavovi, iskustva i zadovoljstvo korištenjem digitalnih usluga javne uprave. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na pozitivne učinke digitalizacije, ali i na prisutne tehničke i organizacijske poteškoće koje utječu na korisničko iskustvo. Utvrđeno je kako sustav e-Uprava doprinosi većoj transparentnosti i dostupnosti informacija, ali i da je potrebno dodatno ulagati u edukaciju korisnika, stabilnost sustava i međuinstitucionalnu povezanost. U radu su predložena i moguća poboljšanja u razvoju digitalnih usluga s ciljem daljnjeg jačanja poduzetničke klime u Hrvatskoj. Zaključeno je da je nastavak digitalne transformacije javne uprave ključan za suvremeno, efikasno i inkluzivno poslovno okruženje.This paper addresses the topic of starting a business in the Republic of Croatia, with emphasis on the legal framework and the role of digital tools in public administration. The aim of the paper was to analyse the legislative and institutional aspects of the business environment, identify key obstacles, and examine how digitalisation, particularly the e-Government system, affects the efficiency of starting and running a business. An overview of available legal business forms, registration procedures, and the relevant institutions involved in these processes is provided. Special attention is given to the functionality and availability of digital tools offered by institutions such as the Tax Administration, FINA, and the Ministry of Economy. As part of the research, a survey was conducted among entrepreneurs to explore their opinions, experiences, and satisfaction with digital public services. The results indicate positive effects of digitalisation, but also highlight technical and organisational challenges that affect user experience. It was found that the e-Government system improves transparency and access to information, yet further investment is needed in user education, system stability, and interinstitutional coordination. The paper also offers suggestions for improving digital services to further strengthen Croatia’s entrepreneurial climate. It is concluded that continued digital transformation of public administration is essential for a modern, efficient, and inclusive business environment