中国語における告げ口文に関する一考察 : 非現実文の形式が現実文の意味を表す場合について

Abstract

In Chinese, "Tattle-Tale Sentences" are used to inform others of someone's negligence. Among these, there are Tattle-Tale Sentences that do not use markers of Realistic Text, such as “他打我。” (He hit me.). Despite the absence of Realistic Text markers, these expressions do not mislead the listener into thinking the actions are unreal, clearly representing real events. This study clarifies the reasons behind this phenomenon. Verbs (phrases) that inherently denote actions are attributed a "temporary attribute" by the speaker, and the speaker's strong emotions can further express a "high degree" of this attribute. This approach satisfies the requirement of "degree of attribute" rather than "temporal aspects of the event," thus completing the sentence. Additionally, at the point when these attributes are present, the corresponding actions have already been performed, thus implying a past meaning. The study also examines explanatory expressions that are formally similar to Tattle-Tale Sentences and are Realistic Text as well. The results indicate that verbs (phrases) in explanatory expressions do not denote attributes and have distinct temporal characteristics. Their reality is indicated by the context of live commentary.departmental bulletin pape