Systemization of “the Long-term Care Legislation for the Elderly” in China (Part 2)

Abstract

本稿では、中国における「高齢者の介護法制」の整理を試みた。中央政府が2016年から2024年の間公布した２つの「高齢事業」に関する政府の公文書（政策）に着目し、各公文書の内容を根拠、背景、方針、内容、手段という項目に分け、精査した。各公文書は今まで整理されてこなかったが本稿ではこれらを軸としつつ、介護保障との関係、他の政策との関係、高齢者権益保障法との関係を整理し、国レベルの「高齢者の介護法制」の体系化を試みた。その結果、2016年から介護保障は以前と異なり、独立の分野として徐々に細分化・具体化していくという国レベルの介護法制の特徴が確認できた。そして（上）と同様に、各高齢事業に関する公文書が、立法の意向を示す高齢者権益保障法、党の意向を示す中国共産党中央委員会の公文書、行政の意向を示す各五ヵ年計画を根拠に作成されたという構造が窺えた。This study attempted to systemize the “long-term care legislation for the elderly” in China. Target materials are official documents (policies) on the two “projects for the aged” promulgated by the central government between 2016 and 2024. The contents of each official document are analyzed in detail by dividing them into the following sections: basis, background, principles, contents, and means. Based on the analysis, the study attempted to systemize the “long-term care legislation for the elderly” at the national level by checking these official documents’ relationships with long-term care welfare, other policies, and the Act on the Protection of the Rights for the Elderly. The study showed that unlike before, since 2016 long-term care welfare is gradually subdivided and concretized as an independent field at the national level. The study also showed the same structure as (Part 1) that the official documents on the “projects for the aged” were promulgated on the basis of 1)the Act on the Protection of the Rights for the Elderly, which indicates the intention of the legislation, 2)the official document of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which indicates the intention of the Party, and 3)the Five-Year Plans, which indicate the intention of the administration.departmental bulletin pape