Clinical and radiological outcome of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in distal tibial fractures: a retrospective analysis

Abstract

Background: Distal tibial fractures are a common injury that poses challenges in terms of treatment and outcomes. Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) has emerged as a promising technique, reducing the need for large incisions while promoting faster recovery and fewer complications compared to traditional open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). This study evaluates the clinical and radiological outcomes of MIPO in patients with distal tibial fractures. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 40 patients who underwent MIPO for distal tibial fractures between November 2022 and November 2024 at a Tertiary healthcare center, was conducted. Fractures were classified according to the AO/OTA system. Outcomes such as fracture healing, functional recovery (measured using the AOFAS score), pain relief (assessed via the VAS), and complication rates were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.5±12.3 years. The majority of fractures were classified as type 43-A (70%). Fracture healing was achieved in 95% of cases by 24 weeks, with a mean time to union of 14.3±3.2 weeks. The AOFAS scores improved significantly from 72.5±13.1 at 6 weeks to 85.2±10.3 at 12 weeks (p<0.05). Pain reduction was also significant, with VAS scores decreasing from 6.25±2.14 at 6 weeks to 1.56±1.26 at 24 weeks (p<0.05). Complications were noted in 10% of cases, including superficial infection and delayed union. Conclusions: MIPO offers favourable outcomes in the treatment of distal tibial fractures, with significant improvements in fracture healing, functional recovery, and pain reduction. The technique is associated with a low complication rate, making it a viable option for managing these fractures