Impact of Nutrient Management on Phytochemical Composition in Agave marginata L.: Considerations for Toxicological Relevance

Abstract

Background: This study aims to investigate the effects of strategic nutrient management, incorporating absorbent nano-superpolymer, growmore fertilizer, iron, and zinc on the growth and phytochemical composition of Agave marginata L. in Shiraz City, Iran. Following a conceptual framework for nutrient management, the study primarily aims to enhance the plant’s saponin content, a bioactive compound with significant therapeutic potential and potential toxicological risks, while examining other qualitative and quantitative growth parameters.Methods: A completely randomized design assessed the effects of varying levels of growmore fertilizer, iron, zinc micronutrients, and absorbent nano-superpolymer against a control. Measured parameters included stem height, diameter, fresh and dry weight, and phytochemical concentrations, such as hecogenin, saponins, and chlorophyll to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the treatments.Results: The interventions demonstrated statistically significant enhancements in multiple measured traits, particularly saponin concentration, which is critical for the plant’s medicinal potential. While the focus remains on the therapeutic benefits of enhanced saponin levels, the study also emphasizes the necessity for toxicological assessments. The results of the first year showed an increase in chlorophyll content with the first level of growmore treatment, further amplified in the second year, indicating a cumulative effect of nutrient management on the plant’s phytochemical profile and potential health benefits.Conclusion: This study highlights the critical role of precise nutrient management in improving the medicinal quality and yield of A. marginata L., with a clear positive correlation between targeted fertilization strategies and enhanced phytochemical profiles relevant to medical applications. The results suggest significant potential for A. marginata L. in pharmaceutical development, with future research necessary to conduct comprehensive toxicological evaluations to ensure safe therapeutic use