Infections and work/sport ability of professional athletes

Abstract

Profesionalno bavljenje sportom dovodi do specifičnih ozljeda i infekcija. Sportašima je od posebne važnosti što skoriji povratak na teren, a zadatak sportske medicine je da na temelju dostupnih informacija i istraživanja odrede najpovoljniji trenutak povratka. Prerani povratak na teren može dovesti do ozbiljnih posljedica, kao što je miokarditis, dok predugo izbivanje s treninga drastično smanjuje izdrživost i snagu mišića. Zbog toga od iznimne je važnosti znati koje se infekcije moraju odležati te koliko dugo, a koje infekcije dozvoljavaju ili čak potiču umjereno treniranje. Pojedini sportovi pokazuju povećanu incidenciju određenih zaraznih bolesti zbog same naravi sporta ili uvjeta u kojima se trenira. Ovaj rad obrađuje prethodno navedenu problematiku u tri skupine sportova: vodeni sportovi, rukomet i hrvanje. Na kraju rada nalaze se preporuke te savjeti o prevenciji bolesti za liječnike, trenere i same sportaše.Practicing sport professionally leads to the specific injuries and infections. For athletes, the fastest possible return to the sports court is of great importance, and the sport medicine task is to determine the most convenient moment for comeback, based on the available information and studies. Untimely return to the sports court can lead to the serious consequences, e.g. myocarditis, while prolonged absence from training decreases endurance and muscles strength. For that reasons, it’s of great importance to know which infections require resting and for how long if they do, but also to know which infections allow or even encourage moderate intensity training. Some sports show increased incidence of certain contagious diseases due to the nature of the sport itself or the conditions in which it is practiced.This work deals with before mentioned problems in three different groups of sport: water sports, handball and wrestling. Recommendations and advices for doctors, coaches and athletes about the prevention of diseases are given at the end of the work