Despite the advances in anticancer therapies, their effectiveness for many human tumors
is still far from being optimal. Significant improvements in treatment efficacy can come from the
enhancement of drug specificity. This goal may be achieved by combining the use of therapeutic
molecules with tumor specific effects and delivery carriers with tumor targeting ability. In this regard,
nucleic acid-based drug (NABD) and particularly small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), are attractive
molecules due to the possibility to be engineered to target specific tumor genes. On the other hand,
polymeric-based delivery systems are emerging as versatile carriers to generate tumor-targeted
delivery systems. Here we will focus on the most recent findings in the selection of siRNA/polymeric
targeted delivery systems for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a human tumor for which currently available therapeutic approaches are poorly effective. In addition, we will discuss the most attracting
and, in our opinion, promising siRNA-polymer combinations for HCC in relation to the biological
features of HCC tissue. Attention will be also put on the mathematical description of the mechanisms
ruling siRNA-carrier delivery, this being an important aspect to improve effectiveness reducing the
experimental work
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