EFEKTIFITAS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM MENGENAI HAK EKONOMI DAN HAK TERKAIT BAGI PENCIPTA MUSIK ATAS TINDAKAN COVER LAGU

Abstract

Social media's purpose has changed from just being a means of communication to being a forum for sharing and publishing copyrighted works, such as music, thanks to its evolution. One illustration of this usage is the use of song covers, which are the re-performance of previously released songs and are common on websites like YouTube. The copyright system legally protects music as an artistic creation, including the economic and related rights of its authors. As evaluated by the implementation of the provisions of Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright and the fulfillment of economic rights through royalty payment systems, this study seeks to assess the efficacy of legal protection for the economic rights and related rights of music creators against the practice of song covers on YouTube. The study takes an empirical juridical approach, looking at the laws and how copyright protection is actually implemented in the workplace. The research demonstrates that the government has initiated legal protection measures, such as copyright registration, oversight, and legal support for composers through recognized organizations. The efficiency of such legal protection, however, is mostly contingent on the degree to which cover song artists adhere to their royalty and licensing duties. Consequently, raising digital platform users' understanding of the law is a crucial step toward safeguarding copyright in musical compositions.Berkembangnya media sosial tidaknya sekadar sarana komunikasi menjadi platform untuk berbagi dan mempublikasikan karya cipta, termasuk musik. Salah satu bentuk pemanfaatan tersebut adalah praktik cover lagu, yakni menyanyikan ulang lagu yang telah dipublikasikan sebelumnya, yang banyak ditemukan di platform seperti YouTube. Musik sebagai karya seni memiliki perlindungan hukum di bawah rezim Hak Cipta, termasuk hak ekonomi dan hak terkait bagi penciptanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap pencipta musik atas tindakan cover lagu yang dilakukan di media sosial, khususnya YouTube. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis empiris, dengan mengkaji regulasi serta praktik perlindungan hak cipta yang berlaku. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah melalui lembaga yang ditunjuk telah melakukan upaya perlindungan melalui sertifikasi hak cipta, pengawasan, serta pendampingan hukum terhadap pencipta. Selain itu, pelaku cover juga diwajibkan untuk memperhatikan ketentuan hukum mengenai izin dan pembayaran royalti guna melindungi hak eksklusif pemegang hak cipta. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya kesadaran hukum bagi pengguna platform digital dalam menghormati hak cipta atas karya musik.   Kata Kunci: Hak Cipta, Cover lagu, Perlindungan Hukum, Musik