Improved Laser Performance of Carbon-Bridged Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)s Through σ-π Conjugation with Silyl Groups

All-solution processed organic distributed feedback (DFB) lasers are attractive devices for a variety of applications. Among many classes of active laser materials, carbon-bridged oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)s (COPVm), particularly those with repeating unit of m ≥ 3, have demonstrated well-balanced and excellent performance for that purpose. However, the blue-emitting shorter COPVm (with m = 1,2) face significant challenges in terms of photostability and excitation energy for lasing (threshold). Here, the effectiveness of σ-π conjugation to improve these properties of COPV2 is demonstrated by functionalizing its terminal positions with silyl groups. This study includes the synthesis and optical characterization of two COPV2 derivates, COPV2–Sin (n = 1 and 2) dispersed in polystyrene films. Both compounds show amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at ≈480 nm over a wide range of concentrations (1–30 wt.%), with COPV2–Si2 exhibiting a lower ASE threshold and longer operational durability than parent COPV2. The potential of these materials has been further demonstrated through the construction of DFB lasers with top-layer polymeric resonators.The Japanese team was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grants JP19H05716 and JP23KK0099 (for HT). The research at the University of Alicante was funded by the “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” (MCIN) of Spain and the European Regional Development Fund and Next generation funds (grant Nos. PID2020-119124RB-I00 and PID2023-146660OB-I00). Besides, this study was part of the Advanced Materials program supported by the Spanish MCIN with funding from the European Union NextGenerationEU and by Generalitat Valenciana (grant no. MFA/2022/045)

Children’s poetry for Literary Education: Mexico and the SDGs

Con la nueva ley educativa española (LOMLOE) se insiste en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) marcados por Naciones Unidas (2015). En ese sentido, la educación literaria permite abordarlos a raíz de la poesía infantil que se publica en México recientemente. Mediante un análisis de las obras Las aventuras de Max y su ojo submarino, Puntiagudos, El berrinche de Moctezuma, Hyaznä y Cosmorama explicamos las características de la Literatura Infantil y Juvenil (LIJ) de Cerrillo (2007) y los criterios de selección de José Manuel de Amo (2003). De tal manera, exponemos como resultados los habituales recursos de personificación, las metáforas, también visuales, y las posibilidades didácticas de implementar tales obras en el aula y ampliar así el canon de lecturas en español.With the new educational law in Spain (LOMLOE), the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (2015) are insisted upon. In that sense, literary education allows us to address them as a result of the children’s poetry that has recently been published in Mexico. Through an analysis of the works Las aventuras de Max y su ojo submarino, Puntiagudos, El berrinche de Moctezuma, Hyaznä and Cosmorama we explain the characteristics of Children’s and Youth Literature by Cerrillo (2007) and the selection criteria of José Manuel de Amo (2003). In this way, we expose as results the usual resources of personification, metaphors, also visual, and the didactic possibilities of implementing such works in the classroom to expand the canon of readings in Spanish

Threads of Care—Weaving the Historical Identity of Nurses: A Discussion Paper

Aim: To critically analyze nurses' professional identity by exploring identity profiles that have shaped the nursing profession over time. Methods: Discussion paper grounded in theoretical and conceptual analysis. Results: Four key identity profiles were identified throughout the history of nursing: (i) Primitive Image of the Nurse: characterized by a diffuse, limited identity; (ii) Religious Image: embodying a charitable, servile, and legitimizing role; (iii) Deconstruction of a Declining Identity and Construction of an Identity of Resistance: marking a shift towards self-definition and professional advocacy; and (iv) Professional Identity of the Nurse: emerging as a project-based, autonomous identity emphasizing skill and professional legitimacy. Conclusions: The construction of nurses' professional identity has been marked by both challenges and evolution, especially in achieving societal and peer recognition. Educators play a crucial role in guiding future nurses through this historical journey to instill a strong professional identity. By understanding this trajectory, new nurses are empowered to advocate for their role and contribute to the ongoing development of the nursing profession

Accelerated black holes in (2 + 1) dimensions: quasinormal modes and stability

We investigate the propagation of a scalar field in a (2 + 1)-dimensional accelerated black hole, recently revisited in Arenas-Henriquez et al. (J High Energy Phys https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep05(2022)063, 2022). We briefly describe how the conformal configuration renders a trivial scalar perturbation with a rescaling of the field mass. On the contrary, the free scalar field propagation presents an intricate dynamic, whose equation may be reduced through the use of Israel junction conditions and a non-trivial ansatz. In this case, using two different methods we calculate the quasinormal modes of the solution also obtaining unstable field profiles delivered by the linear scalar perturbation to the background geometry. We examine the parameter space of angular eigenvalues of the field and accelerations under which such instabilities occur.A. R. acknowledges financial support from the Generalitat Valenciana through PROMETEO PROJECT CIPROM/2022/13. A. R. is funded by the Universidad de Alicante (María Zambrano contract ZAMBRANO 21-25 (Spain)) (with funding from NextGenerationEU). R. D. B. Fontana thanks the hospitality of DMAT-University of Aveiro/CIDMA and the support of the Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA) through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia), references https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04106/2020 and https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/04106/2020

North Vienna Station: A Paradigmatic Abandonment for a ‘More Livable Future’

La ciudad de Viena es una de las primeras que ha regulado la preservación de ecosistemas urbanos existentes, hasta dotar de entidad jurídica a algunos lugares abandonados por el ser humano —donde la naturaleza ha emergido libremente—, garantizando así la coexistencia con las especies que allí habitan. Este artículo explicita cómo este logro está motivado por el entrelazamiento entre experiencias espontáneas, creativas y afirmativas en algunos de estos lugares —como la estación del Norte— y el concurso de arquitectura Europan. Dicho concurso introduce, primero, el soporte teórico que pone en valor estas experiencias para después acabar institucionalizando en sus nuevas ediciones los aprendizajes sucedidos en ellas. Así, este texto retrata en tres actos al concurso Europan y a Viena como instituciones y laboratorios —de ideas y de prácticas simpoiéticas, respectivamente— que se piensan y diseñan de manera recíproca.Vienna is one of the first cities to regulate the preservation of existing urban ecosystems, even granting legal status to some places abandoned by humans―where nature has freely emerged―, thereby ensuring coexistence with the inhabiting species. This article aims to clarify how this achievement is motivated by the intertwining of spontaneous, creative, and affirmative experiences in some of these places―such as the North Station―and the Europan Architectural Competition. This contest introduces, first, the theoretical framework that values these experiences and then institutionalizes the lessons learned from them in its new editions. Thus, this text portrays, in three acts, the Europan competition and Vienna as institutions and laboratories―of ideas and sympoietic practices, respectively―that think and design reciprocally

A visão do mundo desde a perspectiva do curandero nahuatl na época covid

Nos enfocamos en conocer las representaciones de los curanderos náhuatl de los estados de Colima y Jalisco, en relación con el mundo, la salud, la enfermedad, los enfermos; y las prácticas que realizan para tratar de recuperar la salud. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, fenomenológico, y la recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Para la organización y análisis de los datos, se siguieron las directrices del Modelo Dialéctico Estructural del Cuidado (MDEC), estructurando los datos en tres estructuras: unidad funcional, marco funcional y elemento funcional. Teniendo como resultado, el curandero describe dimensiones de contacto visual y corporal con el paciente, crea un canal no convencional, poniendo en juego pasiones, deseos y sentimientos, en conclusión, El curandero ofrece servicios más cercanos al individuo, proporcionando una «explicación» a los acontecimientos desde la perspectiva biológica, psicológica, ecológica y sobrenatural.We focused on knowing the representations of Nahuatl healers in the states of Colima and Jalisco, in relation to the world, health, illness, the sick; and the practices they perform to try to recover their health. This is a descriptive, phenomenological study, and data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews. For the organization and analysis of data, the guidelines of the Dialectical Structural Model of Care (DSM) were followed, structuring the data in three structures: functional unit, functional framework and functional element. Having as a result, the healer describes dimensions of visual and bodily contact with the patient, creates an unconventional channel, bringing into play passions, desires and feelings, in conclusion, The healer offers services closer to the individual, providing an “explanation” to events from the biological, psychological, ecological and supernatural perspective.Focamos em conhecer as representações dos curandeiros Nahuatl nos estados de Colima e Jalisco, em relação ao mundo, à saúde, à doença, aos enfermos; e as práticas que realizam para tentar recuperar a saúde. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, fenomenológico, e a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Para a organização e análise dos dados foram seguidas as diretrizes do Modelo Estrutural Dialético do Cuidado (DSM), estruturando os dados em três estruturas: unidade funcional, arcabouço funcional e elemento funcional. Tendo como resultado, o curador descreve dimensões do contato visual e corporal com o paciente, cria um canal não convencional, colocando em jogo paixões, desejos e sentimentos, concluindo, O curador oferece serviços mais próximos do indivíduo, proporcionando uma “explicação” aos acontecimentos na perspectiva biológica, psicológica, ecológica e sobrenatural

Definiendo el perfil de visitantes de Patrimonio Inmaterial de la Humanidad a través de un modelo de perceptrón multicapa

UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage elements are perceived as valuable tourist resources by the various governments and local entities responsible for managing destinations. Consequently, from a tourism perspective, this recognition confers a competitive advantage to the destination. This research seeks to determine the variations in the socio-demographic profile (gender, age, educational level and income) of tourists interested in Intangible Cultural Heritage elements. The study is based on the development of an artificial neural network. This approach allows the construction of potential “identikits” or estimated profiles of tourists participating in the Fiesta de los Patios (Cordoba, Spain) based on the answers incorporated into the artificial neural network as customisable inputs. This is especially useful for elaborating products and services adapted to tourists interested in the different elements, customs and traditions registered as Intangible Cultural Heritage. While this methodology has been applied to the tourism sector, it has yet to be applied to tourists interested in Intangible Cultural Heritage. This research aims to address this gap in the literature. It can be deduced that to attract a particular profile with a high income, which would have a more significant effect on the economic development of a destination, it is necessary to promote accessibility and public transport, especially on the days that the event takes place. To address the issue of overcrowding, a ‘per-entry’ fee is proposed for the patios, or a tourist tax to be imposed in the city of Cordoba.Las inscripciones Patrimonio Inmaterial de la Humanidad de la UNESCO se configuran como recursos turísticos significativos para los diferentes gobiernos y entidades locales que se encargan de gestionar los destinos. En consecuencia, y desde la perspectiva turística, esta declaración supone una ventaja competitiva para el destino. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar las variaciones en el perfil sociodemográfico (género, edad, nivel educativo e ingresos) de los turistas interesados en elementos Patrimonio Inmaterial de la Humanidad. El presente trabajo se ha basado en el desarrollo de una red neuronal artificial. Con ello, se pretende la construcción de potenciales “retratos robot” o perfiles estimados de los turistas que participan en la Fiesta de los Patios (Córdoba, España) a partir de las respuestas incorporadas a la red neuronal artificial como valores de entrada configurables, siendo este especialmente útil en la elaboración de productos y servicios adaptados a un turista interesado en los diferentes elementos, costumbres y tradiciones registrados como Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial. Si bien esta metodología se ha aplicado al sector turístico, aún no se ha sido aplicada a los turistas del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial. Esta investigación pretende cubrir el vacío en este sentido. Se deduce que para atraer un tipo de perfil con altos ingresos que permita un efecto de desarrollo económico más significativo en el destino, es necesario promover la accesibilidad, así como el transporte público, especialmente en los días del evento. Ante la amenaza de masificación, se sugiere implementar pago por entrada a los patios o tal vez considerar la imposición de una tasa turística en la ciudad de Córdoba

Audio Consumption in Children and Adolescents: Radio and Digital Platforms

En la era digital, los hábitos de consumo de audio entre la infancia y la adolescencia en España han cambiado drásticamente debido a la accesibilidad de tecnologías móviles y plataformas de streaming. Este estudio analiza cómo interactúan con los contenidos de audio, incluyendo podcast, música y audiolibros, y los principales indicadores de su dieta sonora. Para investigar estos hábitos, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa mediante encuestas con Qualtrics a una muestra representativa de 3 a 18 años. Los resultados revelan que el consumo de audio digital está en auge, aunque los contenidos sonoros específicos para esta franja de edad son limitados y, a menudo, desconocidos. El gasto en suscripciones de audio es significativamente menor comparado con el vídeo. Las personas adolescentes gastan menos en suscripciones de audio, mientras que las familias con descendencia de 7 a 12 años reportan no gastar nada en ellas. La mayoría de los consumos audiovisuales ocurren en casa, con una tendencia creciente hacia el uso de dispositivos personales como teléfonos móviles a medida que aumenta la edad. Spotify solo empieza a ser relevante en la adolescencia. Esta investigación pone de manifiesto la necesidad de ajustar los parámetros de medición para ofrecer datos confiables sobre el consumo de audio, fomentando la confianza en la industria y explorando nuevas oportunidades de producción y distribución de contenido sonoro para estos targets.In the digital era, audio consumption habits among children and teens in Spain have changed dramatically due to the accessibility of mobile technologies and audio digital platforms. This study analyzes how they interact with audio content, including podcast, music, and audiobooks, and its impact on the cognitive and social development of these generations. To investigate these habits, a quantitative methodology was used by surveying using Qualtrics a representative sample of children and adolescents aged 3 to 18. The results reveal that digital audio consumption is booming, although specific audio content for this age group is limited and often unknown to them. Spending on audio subscriptions is significantly lower compared to video subscriptions. Teens spend less on audio subscriptions, while families of 7-12 year olds report spending nothing on them. Most audio-visual consumption occurs at home, with an increasing trend toward the use of personal devices such as cell phones as children get older. Spotify only starts to become relevant in adolescence. This research highlights the need to meticulously adjust measurement parameters to provide reliable data on audio consumption, building trust in the industry and exploring new opportunities for innovative production and distribution of audio content for these younger targets.Este trabajo se ha elaborado en el marco del Proyecto I+D+I “ESCUCHAD.es: Estudio integral de la industria cultural del audio digital en España: agentes, contenidos, hábitos de consumo, perfiles profesionales y estrategias de alfabetización” (PID2023-149124OB-I00) del Programa Estatal de Investigación Científica-Técnica, Subprograma Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento. Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades. Además ha contado con la colaboración de “AUDIO CON_SENTIDO: Orientación por edades del contenido sonoro para proteger a los menores de contenidos inadecuados en los medios de comunicación” (G80508682), financiado por la Secretaría del Estado para la Agenda 2030

Customized PVA/AA diffraction gratings by high repetition rate femtosecond direct laser writing

In this work, we investigate the behavior of poly(vinyl alcohol)/acrylamide photopolymers (PVA/AA) under high repetition rate (1 kHz – 1 MHz), multipulse (1 – 20), femtosecond (450 fs) laser irradiation at λ=515 nm, varying fluence values from 0.005 to 1.24 J/cm2. Our results reveal that a wide range of nano/microstructures with varying heights and shapes can be induced, as a consequence of monomer diffusion and swelling effects. Furthermore, we demonstrate that by adjusting the irradiation parameters, it is possible to achieve precise control over the fabricated structures, enabling potential applications not only in optics, but also in tribology and cell adhesion and growth. As an application of these results, we successfully fabricated high-period diffraction gratings at high repetition rates with diffraction efficiencies close to the theoretical maximum. These findings provide new insights into the ultrafast lasermatter interaction in photopolymers and open new scenarios for the fabrication of functional polymeric surfaces.The work was supported by the “Generalitat Valenciana” (PROMETEO/2021/006) and by the “Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades” of Spain (projects PID2021-123124OB-I00 and PID2023-148881OB-I00). A.P.B. thanks the “Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades” for the grant PRE2022-105016

The origins of wine tourism in France: itinéraires, promenades, routes. Trois jours en Beaujolais by Victor Vemorel (1900)

Con el surgimiento del viaje de placer o viaje turístico en el siglo XIX, unido al desarrollo y modernización de los transportes, se multiplican los desplazamientos de todo tipo. Nuestro objetivo con el presente estudio consiste en poner de manifiesto cómo ya a finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX, entre las nuevas propuestas de actividades turísticas, se comienzan a contemplar, en algunas guías turísticas, las rutas enológicas, lo que podría considerarse como un posible antecedente del actual enoturismo. En efecto, hemos constatado la publicación de guías turísticas o guías de viajero decimonónicas en las que se promocionaba un itinerario turístico que abarcaba una zona de viñedos. Si bien se presentan otras guías similares, se ha seleccionado una de ellas y se ha rastreado en ella la presencia de aquellos elementos que la caracterizan y la configuran como un nuevo subgénero textual decimonónico que preconiza los actuales folletos turísticos y páginas web promocionales 2.0 sobre enoturismo.The emergence of leisure travel or tourism in the 19th century, along with the development and modernization of transportation, meant that all types of travel increased significantly. The main goal of this paper is to highlight how, by the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, some tourist guides began to include enological routes among the new proposals for tourist activities. We regard this as a possible precursor to modern wine tourism. In fact, we have found 19th-century tourist or travel guides that promoted a tourist itinerary covering a vineyard area. One of these guides has been selected, and we have traced in it the presence of those elements that characterize and define it as a new 19th-century textual subgenre that foreshadows today’s promotional brochures and 2.0 web pages on wine tourism