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Hospitalisation for acute heart failure and in-hospital mortality before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in France: a nationwide cohort study from 2013 to 2024
International audienceIntroduction: Healthcare systems were reorganised in 2020 to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite their urgent status, hospital admissions for acute heart failure (AHF) were reported to decline from 9% to 66% worldwide between 2020 and 2021, with divergent findings regarding in-hospital mortality. This study aimed to investigate in detail the evolution of AHF hospitalisations and in-hospital mortality in France from 2013 to 2024. Methods: Based on the 2.9 million AHF hospitalisations recorded in France from 2013 to 2024, yearly numbers of hospitalisations and deaths expected in years 2020-2024 were estimated using a Poisson regression model, with 2013-2019 as the reference period. The differences between observed and expected event counts in the years 2020-2024 were used to quantify the disruptions that occurred since the emergence of the pandemic.Results: A total deficit of -222 913 (-223 908 to -221 926) (mean (95% CI)) AHF hospitalisations was estimated for the years 2020-2024, corresponding to a 16.1% decrease compared with pre-pandemic trends. The yearly reduction in AHF hospitalisations worsened over time, from -39 268 (-39 685 to -38 847) fewer cases in 2020 to -55 521 (-55 984 to -55 051) in 2024. Between 2020 and 2024, 7794 (7557 to 8028) excess in-hospital deaths were estimated, corresponding to an 8.4% excess compared with pre-pandemic trends. From 2021 to 2024, this excess ranged from 9.6% to 16% for females compared with 7.1% to 11.1% for males. Conclusions The apparent long-lasting changes in the management of patients with AHF in France observed since the COVID-19 pandemic emergence, particularly among females, suggest further research for better understanding the sustained observed disruptions
Effective destabilization of both mono-and dihydride phases in TiVZrNbHf by Mo addition
International audienceTiVZrNbHf bcc high entropy alloy shows promising hydrogen storage capacity, but unfavourable thermodynamics of the hydride phases i.e., too stable hydrides requiring high temperatures for recovering the stored hydrogen. Mo addition in this composition ((TiVZrNbHf)100-xMox x = 5, 10 and 16.666) preserves the bcc lattice, decreases the lattice parameter and improves the hydrogen absorption kinetics at room temperature. Moreover, it effectively destabilizes both the bct intermediate and full fcc hydride phases without significant affecting the maximum storage capacity (~ 2.1 wt %). The temperatures of successive phase transitions (fcc → bct → bcc) during deuterium desorption strongly reduce with increasing Mo content, as demonstrated by in situ neutron powder diffraction. Several entangled factors can be invoked to explain this thermal destabilization along with electronic structure, steric and electronegativity effects. Therefore, Mo can be proposed as one of the most effective boosting elements to be added in HEAs for hydrogen storage
Trahison de la marque : la vengeance en ligne est un plat qui se mange froid
International audienceCertains clients peuvent être déçus et/ou se sentir trahis par une marque si les produits/services ou le rapport qualité/prix ne correspondent pas à sa promesse. Cette trahison est susceptible d’entraîner de la haine et un désir de vengeance chez les consommateurs, se traduisant potentiellement par des comportements de résistance/vengeance. Pour mener à bien cette recherche, une étude longitudinale autour du fournisseur d’énergie italien ENI a été réalisée et matérialisée par trois méthodologies successivement mises en œuvre : une étude documentaire, une netnographie d’une communauté en ligne anti-marque et une étude quantitative (N=220). Les résultats montrent, d’une part, que la communauté en ligne anti-marque agit comme un catalyseur de la haine et de la vengeance des consommateurs, et, d’autre part, que les émotions négatives influencent le désir de vengeance et les comportements de résistance qui en découlent. Sur le plan théorique, cette recherche permet de compléter les travaux sur la thématique de la vengeance et sur les réactions des consommateurs confrontés à une situation de crise du fait d’une marque. Sur le plan managérial, cette recherche montre aux entreprises qu’une tactique empreinte de compréhension et de réparation vis-à-vis des consommateurs s’estimant lésés est plus constructive qu’une tactique de mépris ou d’ignorance
Living with a mobile river: floods, channel mobility and riparian communities along the Loire River during the Little Ice Age (14th-18th c.)
International audienc
Faire projet par l’écologisation des ruines anthropocéniques : reconfigurationscontemporaines entre initiatives citoyennes et action publique de renaturation(le cas de Lil’O - Ile-Saint-Denis)
International audienceDans un contexte de tournant environnemental de l’urbanisme, marqué par une attention croissante des politiques de désartificialisation et de renaturation (loi Climat et Résilience et objectif ZAN, plan de végétalisation), les sols urbains et les friches industrielles deviennent des objets centraux de l’action publique (Paquot, 2017 ; Desrousseaux, 2021 ; Rode, 2023, Souami, 2023 ; Consalès et al., 2022). Toutefois, ces politiques demeurent largement structurées par des cadres technico-quantitatifs qui peinent à saisir la diversité des pratiques locales, des savoirs situés et des expériences sensibles du sol, en particulier dans les territoires urbains denses et populaires (Blanc et al., 2017 ; Bellanger & Lelévrier, 2023).Cette communication s’appuie sur une enquête ethnographique en cours menée sur le site de Lil’O, friche industrielle de 3,6 hectares située sur la pointe nord de l’Île-Saint-Denis, sur le territoire de Plaine Commune, actuellement en cours de reconversion en espace écologique et citoyen par l’association Halage. À partir d’une observation participante, elle propose d’analyser les pratiques de renaturation participative mises en œuvre sur le site afin de comprendre quelles pratiques concrètes sont déployées, comment elles transforment matériellement et symboliquement la friche, et quels savoirs, savoir-faire et expériences écologiques y sont mobilisés ou produits. Elle interroge également les manières dont les différent·es acteur·ices perçoivent et qualifient ces espaces - friche, ruine, ressource ou potentiel écologique - et ce que ces regards révèlent des conceptions différenciées du sol et de la ville.Ces pratiques de renaturation participatives sont analysées comme des formes situées de réparation écologique, entendue non comme une simple remédiation technique mais comme un processus relationnel et sensible (Papadopoulos, Puig de la Bellacasa & Tacchetti, 2023). Elles produisent des gestes ordinaires de soin du sol et du vivant ainsi que des récits alternatifs du projet urbain écologique, souvent en décalage avec les instruments dominants de l’action publique environnementale.La communication explore ainsi les articulations entre initiatives citoyennes et action publique de renaturation, en s’interrogeant sur les rapports qui se nouent entre collectivités territoriales et collectifs jardiniers : formes de reconnaissance, d’ignorance ou d’intégration institutionnelle mais aussi coopérations, relations de confiance, tensions diffuses et négociations autour des pratiques et des dispositifs institutionnels (Ramos, 2018 ; Demailly & Lagneau, 2022 ; Paddeu, 2021). Sans relever de conflits frontaux, ces situations donnent à voir des controverses ordinaires portant sur les finalités, les temporalités et les critères de la renaturation.En mobilisant les apports des humanités environnementales et de l’éthique du care (Tronto, 2012 ; Buyck, 2022), cette communication montre comment ces pratiques participatives contribuent à une politisation discrète de la nature en ville, en déplaçant les registres de l’action collective vers l’expérimentation, le soin et la co-production des milieux urbains
Fair regression under localized demographic parity constraints
Demographic parity (DP) is a widely used group fairness criterion requiring predictive distributions to be invariant across sensitive groups. While natural in classification, full distributional DP is often overly restrictive in regression and can lead to substantial accuracy loss. We propose a relaxation of DP tailored to regression, enforcing parity only at a finite set of quantile levels and/or score thresholds. Concretely, we introduce a novel (ℓ, Z)-fair predictor, which imposes groupwise CDF constraints of the form F f |S=s (z m ) = ℓ m for prescribed pairs (ℓ m , z m ). For this setting, we derive closed-form characterizations of the optimal fair discretized predictor via a Lagrangian dual formulation and quantify the discretization cost, showing that the risk gap to the continuous optimum vanishes as the grid is refined. We further develop a model-agnostic post-processing algorithm based on two samples (labeled for learning a base regressor and unlabeled for calibration), and establish finite-sample guarantees on constraint violation and excess penalized risk. In addition, we introduce two alternative frameworks where we match group and marginal CDF values at selected score thresholds. In both settings, we provide closed-form solutions for the optimal fair discretized predictor. Experiments on synthetic and real datasets illustrate an interpretable fairness-accuracy trade-off, enabling targeted corrections at decision-relevant quantiles or thresholds while preserving predictive performance.</div
Home use of low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation in clinical practice: an IFCN handbook chapter
International audienc
Rapport de prospections thématiques : Evolution environnementale des vallées affluentes de la Seine
Mediations in People's History: a Survey on Participation
International audienceIn this paper, I propose to enrich the typology of participatory projects by considering scientific and educational projects from the perspective of participation. I investigate two mediation projects in people’s history. One is a people’s history festival, co-created by university historians, secondary school teachers, and community organizations. The other is a website on objects used in the democratization of society in Europe, collected during the revolutionary and republican periods since the 18th century. This website is also co-created by university historians and museum curators who own these objects.The Festival of Popular History (FHP: https://festivalhistoirepopulaire.fr/) involves the public outside the university during its three annual days in May, thanks to a variety of events: carnival, blind test, spectacular conference, rally. It is renewed each year: this year it will focus on the body, and the theme of speech was in the spotlight for its first edition two years ago. The website Objets Politiques au siècle des révolutions (ObjetsPol: https://objetspol.inha.fr/s/objetspol/page/accueil) works more with interactive media: photos, videos, comics, podcasts, and educational games. The two projects contrast in terms of mediation modalities (face-to-face versus remote), types of non-academic partners (professionals versus citizens), and also the positions of participants (learners versus discussants).My contrastive analysis aims to examine the boundaries between mediation and participation, as this type of project is rarely considered in analyses of participatory research. My fieldwork is conducted at the University of Paris-Est Créteil (France), where I work as a project manager on citizen science at the university. I adopt the analytical framework of the common proposed by philosopher Pierre Dardot and sociologist Christian Laval, which is well suited to analyzing collective practices. The results clearly indicate that the involvement of non-academics in the steering committee, co-decision-making in project development, the two-way flow of knowledge, open access to the knowledge produced, and the long-term involvement of non-academics in the appropriation of knowledge are practices that promote participation. I therefore propose that this be considered participatory mediation