Terpenoid Rich Concentrate of Phyllantus amarus (Schum Thonn) Whole Plant’s Potential in High Salt Steered Immunological Storm, Antioxidant and Blood Enzymes Derangement

High salt diet driven immunological storm and blood enzymes dissymmetry are established global health challenges, deleteriously inflicting intracellular organelles and related inflammatory cytokines out of homeostatic threshold. Statistic proclaimed by World Health Organization (2012) also reveals the preponderance of about a quarter of the world’s global health linked oxidative damages to high salt-related influences. The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum enzymes’ protective effect, antioxidant and immuno-boosting efficacy of qualitatively affirmed terpenoid rich-concentrate (TRC) of Phyllanthus amarus (Schum and Thonn) whole plant against Dawley rats fed with 8% salty chow (HSD) for 56days. Healthy male rats (n=40) were grouped as follows: Group 1: received only normal rat chow as control group; Group 2: Administered 8% high salt diet (HSD) only; Group 3: co-administered HSD+80mg/kg/bwt., of TRC; Group 4: HSD + 160mg/kg/bwt., of TRC; Group 5: HSD + 200mg/kg/bwt., of TRC. The results (p<0.05) indicated that TRC has a lethal dose (LD50) greater than 5000 mg/kg /b.wt, with a significant increase in the levels of modulating cytokines [interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF?)], serum enzymes (AST, ALP, CK and LDH), consequent significant reduction in enzymatic antioxidant (GSH, Cat, SOD), but with measurable up-regulation of radical product, MDA, in the serum of rats fed HSD. Though, the deranged parameters of interest were dose-dependently remediated to near normal coefficient in the rodents co-administered with the rich concentrates. It’s of interest that, the treated groups also expressed signs/physical improvement via; hair integrity, health status, and erection of fur to near normal. The results suggested that TRC contains bioactive compounds which could remediate HSD induced immunological storm, blood enzymes derangement and also complement orthodox medicine in the therapeutic search for oxidative related diseases triggered by high salt meals

Dental Prophylaxis versus Dental-Facial Aesthetics, Data about Patients` Approach to These Treatments

Introduction: In facial dental esthetics and services to achieve attractive beauty for the human eye, more monthly funds of individual spending are spent on these services than the dental services of treatment of pathologies or dental prophylaxis. The study aims to present the concrete individual approach to dental prophylaxis and oral care, compared to the individual approach, versus facial aesthetics and not only, oriented around the idea of what the patient is inclined to choose today, cost, advantages, disadvantages and the risks of achieving the "perfect smile". Materials and methods: The study presents the collection of data from the survey of 70 individuals on the monthly services, the cost, that they perform specifically for facial aesthetics and for dental treatments or prophylaxis. The study was conducted on the processing of data collected from the survey of the target age group 20-45 years, in the geographical area of the cities of Elbasan and Tirana, in Albania. Results: 98% of individuals surveyed were aware of the services offered by facial aesthetics against the figure of 80% of individuals who had information about dental hygiene. For personal care and facial aesthetics (whether this is a cost realized with products in home conditions or in aesthetic centers) from the collected data it can be shown that such services capture "scary" figures compared to the cost of dental services. Such services in the span of one month are equal to the cost of annual services that these people spend in a dental office. Conclusions: The importance of providing information and evaluating the periodic care that patients should show on oral hygiene and oral health should be as important as any other treatment, be it aesthetic. The results showed that the concept of dental prophylaxis and its application today has changed and faded, due to the fact that patients tend to care more about facial aesthetics and "neglect" care towards oral health. &nbsp

Computation Studies on potential anti-COVID-19 natural compound against The Omicron Variant of SARS-COV-2

For the first time, this short communication aims to carry out the possible antiviral role of a natural compound called Adapalene. This substance has been shown, by the Molecular Simulation method, to be particularly active both in the original SARS-COV-2 protein and in the mutated form Spike protein of SARS-CoV- 2 Omicron (B.1.1.529). The best results obtained have reported excellent Binding Energies Scores values of about -10.35 kcal/mol with an estimated Ki of about 26 nMolar, when Adapalene interacts in the binding active zone of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-COV-2, with the Human ACE2. Furthermore, this compound can interacts also with other antiviral Coronavirus proteins. Indeed it can bind with other SARS-COV-2 proteins such as SARS-COV-2- 3Cl protease, with an Estimated Binding Energy of approximately, ca -10.24 kcal/mol and an estimated Ki of ca 31.15 nMolar, while with Nucleocapsid Phosphoprotein SARS-COV-2, with a Binding Energy of approximately of ca -10.47kcal / mol and an estimate Ki of ca 21.06 nMolar. &nbsp

To find out the diabetic risk in study population by subjecting them to Indian diabetic risk scale (IRDS)

Background- Diabetes as a non-communicable disease is significant public health problem the prevalence rate all the world over is raising. Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading cause of long term complications and a major health hazard in a developing country like India. Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IRDS) developed by Dr. Mohan and his colleagues in 2005 is one of the strongest predictor of incident diabetes in India. Material Methods- The present study entitled was conducted in the department of Physiology Gandhi Medical College and Associated Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal. 120 subjects in the age group range of 30-60 years attending the different medical OPDs. Results- The mean age of the sixty subjects included in the control group was 42.61±8.70 years and sixty Prediabetic subjects were 45.43±8.77 years. Maximum numbers of Prediabetes were in the age group of 40 - 50 years. Conclusion- The results of the study will help to formulate strategies for future preventive efforts and delay the onset of type 2 diabetes

Comparing Problem Based Learning Curriculum and the Traditional Curriculum based on outcome

It has been argued and shown by various outcome studies that traditional knowledge based assessments of curriculum outcomes have minimal or no difference in learners graduating from either PBLC or the traditional curriculums. A literature search on problem based learning has shown several comparison studies between graduates from the PBLC with those from the traditional method of teaching, these include: the academic process; program evaluation; academic achievement; graduates’ performance, specialty choices and practice characteristics; and faculty members’ satisfaction. This review article will compare PBLC graduates with the traditional or conventional style of learning, and based on the above; conclude weather PBLC needs to be implemented in medical schools

A study of demographic profile and menstrual morbidities among adolescent female patients visitingr a tertiary cae center

Aim- 1) To study the demographic profile, prevalence and type of menstrual morbidities amongst 13-19 year adolescent females attending gynaecology OPD at a tertiary care government general hospital in an urban area. 2) To study the awareness on physical changes & menstruation in adolescent girls in urban area. 3) To assess their knowledge on contraceptive methods.4) To study hygiene practices followed during menstruation. 5) To Treat the patients and suggest suitable recommendations based on study findings, for the future.  Background- The Latin word ‘Adolescere’ means to grow to maturity. One fifth of the world population is between 10-19 yrs old and 85% of them live in developing countries. There are very few studies on prevalence and pattern of gynaecological health morbidities amongst late adolescent female patients. Material Methods- It is a Prospective Observational Clinical Study in a Tertiary care Centre and Teaching Institute in Urban India. Variables observed were socio-demography, menstrual morbidities and knowledge about contraception, in study patients. Chi square test of significance was applied where relevent. Results- Out of 120, maximum patients were unmarried from low socioeconomic, large (more than 4) family. The literacy rate was 70%. Out of 120 patients, maximum (34%) attained menarche at 12 years, 62% had regular cycles and most of them used homemade cloth for hygiene during menses. The commonest menstrual morbidity was dysmenorrhoea (73%). The commonest premenstrual symptom was pain in abdomen. Thirty four percent patients had moderate to severe anaemia. Forty percent girls had some knowledge about contraception and most of them acquired it from Television. The most known method of contraception was OC pills and all patients with the knowledge felt it is available at all hospitals and chemists. Conclusion- Adolescent Reproductive and Sexual Health(ARSH) OPD services are needed at all women care centres as these group of patients need special attention for their complaints and focused care and counseling of these young patients would be a great investment for future health of them & their families and the society & nation as a large

A comparative study of serum lipid profile and glucose level between breast cancer patients and controls at tertiary care hospital in India

Aim-The aim of this study is to compare serum lipid profiles: total-cholesterol (T-CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and serum glucose between breast cancer patients and control to evaluate their relationship with breast cancer. Background-There are many researches which have reported positive as well as negative association of plasma/serum lipids and lipoproteins and serum glucose with different cancers. Increase levels of circulating lipids and serum glucose have been associated with breast cancer risk.   Material Methods-A total of 92 consecutive cases of histologically proven carcinoma breast along with same number of age matched, disease free controls were selected. Serum lipid and serum glucose levels of both cases and controls were estimated. Results-The results of this study suggest that low (HDL-C) level and high (TG) levels are associated with risk of breast cancer in Indian women while serum glucose level does not show any association with breast cancer risk. Conclusion-More studies are needed in future to explore common modifiable risk factors for development of breast cancer, so that its incidence can be reduced

Modified pediatric logistic organ dysfunction scoring system: A feasible tool in pediatric intensive care units

Background- Pediatric logistic organ dysfunction (PELOD) score,which can predict mortality or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) outcomes, has been validated for children. It is cumbersome to measure respiratory dysfunction variables included in original PELOD scoring, in ventilator and blood gas analysis limited setups, so all three variables included under respiratory dysfunction (i.e.PaO2/FiO2 ratio, PaCo2 and mechanical ventilation) in original PELOD score were replaced by three new variables (i.e. Respiratory rate, Chest retractions and Spo2). The present study aims to modify the PELOD score and make it more clinical and feasible to adopt in resource limited setups rather being dependent on sophisticated facilities. Aims-Evaluation of modified PELOD scoring system to determine the prognosis of patients in Pediatric Intensive Care Units. Method- The modified PELOD scoring system consists of physical and laboratory variables representing six organ systems namely neurological, cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, hematological and hepatic system. The score was calculated for the subjects during first 24 hours of admission in PICU. Patients were then followed until they were discharged from PICU or deceased .In each organ system, the highest score in any variable accounted was taken as the score for that organ system. The sum total of the 6 scores for each organ system gives modified PELOD score (range 0-71) which was used for looking at the association between modified PELOD score and mortality. Results- The risk of mortality varies directly with the modified PELOD score of the patients. In those patients whose modified PELOD score was <10, mortality was 10.4%, whereas in patients whose modified PELOD score was >10, mortality increased significantly to 46.4% (χ2 = 12.000, P < 0.001).The mean (SD) modified PELOD score was considerably higher in those who died as compared to those who survived (16.25 (8.63) vs 7.68 (5.55); p<0.001). Conclusion- The modified PELOD score can be used as a reliable prognostic predictor of mortality among PICU patients

The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of hydrops fetalis: A case report

The objective of this report was to show the role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of hydrops fetalis. The sonographic assessment revealed that there was increased amniotic fluid with hyperplacentosis. The transonic fluid interface was noted in the fetal abdomen in keeping with fetal ascites. There was bilateral pleural effusion with obvious subcutaneous scalp edema and right scrotal hydrocele. Ultrasound imaging is very effective and adequate in the diagnosis of hydrops fetalis

Cutaneous metastases after radical chemoradiotherapy in carcinoma cervix: An unusual manifestation

Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancy affecting women in India, however cutaneous metastasis arising from cervical cancer is particularly rare. Skin metastases are unusual even in the terminal stages of the disease with incidence ranging from 0.1% to 4.4%.Mostly they occur as a sign of recurrent disease and are associated with poor prognosis. We report a case of carcinoma of the uterine cervix with cytology proven unusual extensive metastasis to the vulva, anterior abdominal wall and thigh developing within one month of external beam radiation therapy. Cutaneous metastasis usually presents in the form of nodule, plaque and inflammatory telangiectasia. However in our case presenting symptom was an ulcer which spread to completely destroy the vulva. Adenocarcinomas of the cervix have a higher propensity for cutaneous metastasis. Skin metastases from cervical carcinoma occur predominantly in cases of tumor recurrences, with metastases developing up to 10 years after initial diagnosis. No effective treatment has been identified till date. Palliation is the aim using chemotherapy, radiation and surgery alone or in combination