Research of Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD among Reunited Populations based on Machine Learning

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the reunited population in China and examine influencing factors, including psychological flexibility, social support, and psychological resilience, to inform mental health interventions. Using an online survey, data were collected via Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Regression analysis was performed to explore significant predictors. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) models were used for analysis of the collected survey data. Furthermore, this paper used Inter Quartile Range (IQR) and winsorizing methods for detection and handling of outliers. Incidence rates were 70.8%, 76.0%, and 60.1% for anxiety, depression, and PTSD, respectively. Psychological flexibility negatively associated with all three conditions. Social support and resilience, though positively associated, were insufficiently developed in this population. Both SVM and RM efficiently analyzed the collected data. Enhancing social support and fostering psychological flexibility are recommended to improve coping mechanisms and mental well-being.</p

Facial StO2-based personal identification: dataset construction, feasibility study, and recognition framework

Biometrics have been extensively utilized in the realm of identity recognition. However, each biometric method has its inherent limitations in specific scenarios. For example, identity recognition based on facial images is contactless but can be forged; finger vein recognition is very secure but generally requires contact collection to ensure accurate identification. In some scenarios with high security requirements, there is often a need for contactless acquisition of biometric features that cannot be forged to recognize identity. Therefore, a novel biometric, facial tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) with the advantages of robust anti-spoofing capabilities and non-contact measurement, is proposed for identity recognition. To more comprehensively verify the feasibility of facial StO2 for identity recognition, a Facial StO2 Identity Dataset (FSID148) containing 148 identities is collected and the feasibility of facial StO2 identity recognition is validated by performing verification, close-set identification, and open-set identification tasks. In order to enhance the performance of facial StO2 identity recognition, an attention-guided contrastive learning framework that enables backbones to derive discriminative identity representations from both local and global facial StO2 regions is proposed. The method proposed has achieved accuracies of 96.11%, 94.60%, and 88.51% in the aforementioned tasks, positioning facial StO2 as a promising biometric for a wide array of application scenarios.</p

Therapeutic Metaphors Enhance Memory Systems in Mental Health Contexts

BackgroundPsychotherapeutic memory plays an important role in maintaining therapeutic effects; however, the neural mechanisms of therapeutic metaphor promoting long-term memory were still unknown.ObjectiveThis study used metaphorical micro-counseling dialog scenarios to investigate the memory effect of therapeutic metaphor and correlated neural mechanisms.MethodsAt first, 31 participants read a mental distress problem, followed by a metaphorical or a literal solution, while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning during the encoding phase. One week later, a recognition memory test was performed outside the scanner.ResultsThe results revealed that metaphorical solutions were associated with higher insight experiences and better memory performance than literal solutions. Greater activations were observed in the multiple memory systems, including episodic (parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, and thalamus), emotional (amygdala), and procedural/implicit (caudate, putamen, and cerebellum), in contrast to later remembered versus later forgotten based on the gap between metaphorical and literal solutions. Insightfulness and activities of the hippocampus, caudate, and cerebellum could predict memory performance.ConclusionsThese findings indicated that multiple memory systems are involved in successful memory encoding of therapeutic metaphors; this suggested that incorporating metaphors into psychotherapy practices could lead to better retention of therapeutic information and improve clinical outcomes compared to literal psychotherapy.</p

Short-term visual adaptation to body shape induces sustained aftereffect on body size estimation

Visual adaptation to thin or large bodies was found to shift the subjective body normality towards the adapting body shape. Here we investigated the persistency of such adaptation effect by tracking the timecourse of decay of short-term body size adaptation in young healthy Chinese women. Participants adapted to contracted or expanded body images of unfamiliar female volunteers with a top-up paradigm. Their subjective point of normal body size (PNS) was measured before, immediately after and 10/20/30 min after adaptation. The results showed that about 12 min of adaptation to contracted or expanded body stimuli could shift participants' estimations of body normality towards the adapting body shape, with the effect sustaining for more than 30 min after the end of adaptation. In addition, by fitting the timecourse of decay of adaptation with the exponential, power or logarithmic functions, we found that the recovery of body size adaptation effect could be best described with the logarithmic models. These findings indicated that short-term exposure to distorted body shapes of other people could lead to a lingering bias on body size estimation

Association between fasting blood glucose and psychotic symptoms in Chinese patients with first-episode drug-na?ve major depressive disorder

IntroductionPsychotic depression (PD) is a highly debilitating disorder characterized by hallucinations and/or delusions accompanied by depression. A variety of neurotransmitters, hormones and corresponding receptors in the endocrine system are involved in the onset and progression of depression, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) can be an important indicator for monitoring the stability of the endocrine system. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between FBG and PD in a Chinese population with first-episode drug-na & iuml;ve (FEDN) major depressive disorder (MDD). MethodsIn this study, 1718 outpatient individuals diagnosed with first-episode drug-na & iuml;ve major depressive disorder (FEDN MDD) were included. The association between PD and FBG levels was identified through multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. To investigate potential non-linear relationships, a two-piecewise linear regression model was utilized. Additionally, interaction and stratified analyses were performed based on gender, educational background, marital status, presence of comorbid anxiety, and history of suicide attempt. ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that FBG was positively associated with the risk of PD in FEDN MDD patients (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.31 to 2.13; P < 0.05). Smoothed plots showed a non-linear relationship between FBG and PD, while the inflection point of FBG was calculated using a two-segmented logistic regression model to be 6.23 mmol/L. On the right side of the inflection point, the probability of PD increased substantially by 278% (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.75 to 8.18, p < 0.001), while no significant association was observed on the left side of the inflection point (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.73 to 1.52, p = 0.772). ConclusionsOur investigation revealed a nonlinear relationship between FBG and PD in patients with FEDN MDD, thereby informing more effective intervention strategies for managing psychotic symptoms in individuals with depression

The unity/diversity framework of executive functions: behavioral and neural evidence in older adults

Executive functions (EFs), encompassing inhibition, shifting, and updating as three fundamental subdomains, are typically characterized by a unity/diversity construct. However, given the dedifferentiation trend observed in aging, it remains controversial whether the construct of EFs in older adults becomes unidimensional or maintains unity/diversity. This study aims to explore and validate the construct of EFs in older adults. At the behavioral level, we conducted confirmatory factor analysis on data from 222 older adults who completed six tasks specifically targeting inhibition, shifting, and updating. One unidimensional model and six unity/diversity models of EFs were evaluated. Our results indicated that the EFs of older adults demonstrated greater congruence with the unity/diversity construct. At neural level, thirty older adults completed three thematically consistent fMRI tasks, targeting three subdomains of EFs respectively. Multivariate pattern analysis showed that rostromedial prefrontal cortex robustly showed similar neural representation across different tasks (unity). Meanwhile, the three EF domains were encoded by distinct global neural representation and the lateral prefrontal cortex play a crucial role in classification (diversity). These findings underscore the unity/diversity framework of EFs in older adults and offer important insights for designing interventions aimed at improving EFs in this population.</p

Altered resting-state amygdala-cerebellar functional connectivity is associated with intolerance of uncertainty in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A longitudinal study

Objectives: Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) plays an important role in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The amygdala and anterior insula (AI) appear to be important neural correlates of IU. However, the relationship between altered resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and IU in OCD patients has not been reported. Methods: This study recruited 39 patients with OCD and 45 healthy controls (HC). IU was measured using the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS). The seed-to-voxel method was used to construct rsFC maps. Between-group differences in rsFC and their correlations with IU were analyzed. Following an eight-week psychological intervention, OCD patients underwent a second assessment. The association between rsFC changes and IU changes was investigated. Results: OCD patients exhibited significantly higher IUS scores. Significant alterations in rsFC were observed between the left amygdala and the left cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL), as well as between the left AI and the left cuneus in OCD patients. In the OCD group, only the left amygdala-left CPL rsFC significantly correlated with IUS scores. No significant correlations were found between rsFC and IUS scores in the HC group. Longitudinal analysis revealed that changes in the left amygdala-left CPL rsFC were significantly associated with changes in IUS scores. Conclusions: This study establishes amygdala-cerebellar rsFC as a specific neural signature of IU in patients with OCD, patterns absent in healthy controls. Moreover, the amygdala-cerebellar rsFC displayed longitudinal coupling with IU changes. These findings provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms of OCD pathology

Family-job win-win: The relationships between family supportive supervisor behavior and family/job satisfaction and their underlying mechanism

随着经济社会的快速发展以及数字化时代的到来，远程办公、弹性工作制等新型工作模式逐渐普及，员工的工作-家庭边界日益模糊。如何帮助员工平衡工作与家庭需求，已成为组织管理和学术研究的核心议题。家庭支持型主管行为作为一种非正式组织支持能够一定程度上平衡员工的家庭和工作事务，从而进一步提高员工的家庭满意度和工作满意度。本研究主要探讨家庭支持型主管行为与家庭满意度、工作满意度的关系，以及工作-家庭增益、工作-家庭冲突和工作-家庭中心性的内在机制。 本研究对山东省威海市某公司员工开展 3 次分时段调查，最终得到 584 份有效样本。数据结果显示：（1）家庭支持型主管行为显著正向预测员工的家庭满意度和工作满意度。（2）工作-家庭增益在家庭支持型主管行为和家庭满意度/工作满意度之间均起部分中介作用，工作-家庭冲突在家庭支持型主管行为和家庭满意度/工作满意度之间均起部分中介作用。（3）工作-家庭中心性调节了家 庭支持型主管行为和工作-家庭增益之间的关系，即调节了工作-家庭增益在家庭支持型主管和家庭满意度/工作满意度之间的中介作用，那些工作-家庭中心性相对较低，即相比工作更重视家庭的员工更能从家庭支持型主管行为中获益，从而促进员工的工作-家庭增益，提高员工的家庭满意度和工作满意度。 本研究考察了家庭支持型主管行为和员工家庭满意度、工作满意度的关系，并基于资源-获取-发展理论探讨其之间的中介机制，基于身份理论探索工作-家庭中心性的调节作用，具有一定的理论意义和实践意义。本研究结果期望能为企业提供管理建议，重视培养领导者的家庭支持型主管行为，帮助员工更好地平衡工作与家庭需求，从而提升员工的家庭满意度和工作满意度，实现家业共赢。</p

Analyzing the Role of Stress in Affecting Sleep Quality and Mental Health in Public Institution Employees

Objective: To investigate the relationship between sleep quality and the life status of employees and the influencing factors in the work environment. The project runs from March 2022 to 2023. The study samples were selected from the health management center of a hospital in Shijiazhuang City, which is the management organization providing regular physical examination services for a unit in Shijiazhuang City. The stress level, sleep quality, and mental and physical health of the patients were investigated by using the Stress Self-assessment Scale (SSQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Scale (PSQI), and Symptom Self-rating Scale 90 (SCL-90). Then, the SPSS25.0 statistical analysis tool and corresponding auxiliary tools arc used to analyze the correlation between variables and their regulatory effect under pressure. Finally, a total of 1022 samples were obtained, of which 984 were valid, and the effective rate was 98.2%. Through the analysis of the samples, it was found that the sleep state was significantly positively correlated with mental and physical health (r = 0.620. p &lt; 0.01). The sleep status was positively correlated with the stress level of the subjects (r = 0.677, p &lt; 0.01). and the mental health status of the subjects was positively correlated with the stress level of the subjects (r = 0.779. p &lt; 0.01). Sleep quality is affected by stress, and the explanation for the effect of stress reaches the level of 5.991. with 95% confidence in the range of 5.412 to 6.611. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between work stress and sleep quality and psychological problems of working environment employees, and work stress plays an intermediary role in sleep quality and psychological problems.</p