Local Perception and Adoption to climate Change: A review of Agricultural perspective

The main objectives of the research is to understand the perception of the local people on climate change and examine the impact of such change on agriculture and livestock management practices among the people. Moreover the research also attempted to analyze the present adaptive strategies of the local people which ultimately increase their adaptive capacity and resilience in the face of change. The framework of cognitive anthropology and human ecology helped to compare and analyze the difference in the perception about change in climatic variables and climate related risk and disasters, their impact on agriculture and livestock management practices and present coping and adaptive strategies followed by the people in their respective surroundings. Furthermore, the study also used the sustainable livelihood framework to assess the climate change impacts on agriculture and livestock systems of the studied communities. It attempts to understand the perception of the people on climate change through the change in the climate related parameters such as precipitation, temperature, and mist and dews and climate related extremes and disasters such as the long drought, heavy rainfall, landslide and soil erosion, windstorms and hailstorms

A Detailed Review of Mangifera indica (Mango): Secondary Metabolites and Important Functional Properties

Mango is a fruit with nutritive assets and also with known therapeutic uses. This fruit is widely grown in tropical and subtropical countries as a source of food and income for people. As a seasonal fruit of Mango, about 21% of pulps are processed. Pulp Mango processing produces approximately 15,000,000 tons of bio-waste per year in the world. Currently, this byproduct management generates high costs and are a source of environmental contamination. However, the chemical composition of mango seeds could probable their use as a supportable source of high added value phytochemicals. Bioactive secondary metabolites in mango contain phenolic compounds, such as ellagic acid, pentagalloylglucose, gallic acid, methyl gallate and rhamnetin. These compounds have a particular interest in their pharmacologic and biological activities. Additionally, new research should be geared to evaluate activities of models that have not yet been evaluated. Therefore, in this work, we review the whole mango bioactive phytochemicals, looking in detail at their reported functional and biological activities, potential applications, and the technological aspects

Xinyang Maojian Sweet Tea and Rubusoside (Steviol Glycoside) : A Review

Xinyang Maojian sweet tea. a kind of rare plant with health care Junction. non-toxicity. low- calorie, and high sweetness, is one of the three sweet plants growing naturally in Xinyang Maojian province. Rubusoside is a main active component in this kind of sweet tea. which is employed as a non-sugar sweetener with high sweetness and low calorific value. Its sweetness is 300 times of sucrose, and its flavor is close to sucrose. This review deals with the distribution and nutritional components as well as the content, physical and chemical properties, separation and purification, determination, physiological functions, and toxicity of the sweet tea component (rubusoside) in Xinyang Maojian sweet tea. The application prospect of rubusoside and the leaves of Xinyang Maojian sweet tea are also forecasted in this review paper

Participatory On-farm evaluation and Demonstration of Maize with Haricot Bean Inter-Cropping practices in Debub Ari Woreda, South Omo Zone

Demonstration of improved maize haricot bean intercropping was conducted with aim of creating farmers’ awareness and popularizing the technology in Zomba and Pilla kebele. Totally, 20 farmers were participated on demonstration of improved maize and haricot bean intercropping practices. On each farmer’s and FTC fields sole maize, sole haricot bean and maize with haricot bean was cropped at recommended spacing on plot size of 10m x 20m area for each of the cropping plot. On-farm training was provided to 64 farmers at both kebeles’ FTCs, and field day was organized at crops maturity stage in both kebeles. Totally 129 farmers and key 16 stakeholders were participated in the event. Farmers’ preferences and crops yield data were collected. Simple descriptive statistics and cost benefit analysis were used to analyze the data. Farmers’ preference evaluation results showed that intercropping of maize with haricot bean was preferred than sole cropping of the crops due to land use efficiency, though the average yields, of sole cropping exceeded the intercropping of both crops. On average 5.99 and 1.86 tons ha-1 of sole maize and haricot bean yield were obtained respectively, whereas, an average yield of 4.89 and 1.46 tones ha-1 were obtain from intercropping of the crops respectively. The intercropping of maize and common bean enhances effective land utilization with LER of more than 58% in both Kebeles. So, the practice of intercropping was recommended for further scale up in the areas with similar agro-ecology

A Descriptive Study to Assess Job Stress Among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units at A Tertiary Care Hospital, Salem

Stress is a part of our life. Stress can also create positive and negative influence in our daily lives. As a positive influence stress is a motivating force towards progress and it can create new awareness and exciting new perspective. As a negative influence it creates feeling of distress, rejection, depression, which leads to variety of physical and psychological problems. Many types of disease (psychosomatic illnesses) have been linked with stress including high blood pressure, heart attack, heart disease, peptic ulcer, headache, pain in the neck, asthma, cancer, depression etc. Nurses are responsible for creating the environment in which nursing is practiced and patient care is given, it is important to explore interventions that will reduce the stress and burnout experienced by nurses. By reducing the stressful nature of the nurses’ work, nurse could be more satisfied in their positions

Effects of the components of conservation agriculture on the profitability of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Eastern Gangetic Plain of Bangladesh

A two year longer on-farm research on conservation agriculture was conducted at Bhangnamari area of Bangladesh during November-June in 2014-15 and 2015-16 to evaluate the performance of non-puddled rice cultivation under increased crop residue retention. The rice variety BRRI dhan28 was transplanted under puddled conventional tillage (CT) vs. non-puddled strip tillage (ST) with 50% standing residue (R50) vs. conventional no-residue (R0) practice. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. There were no significant yield differences between tillage practices and residue levels in  2014-15. But in the following year, ST yielded 9% more grain compared to CT leading to 22% higher BCR. Retention of 50% residue increased yield by 3% over no-residue, which contributed to 10% higher benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Results of this two year on-farm study confirmed that the ST combined with 50% residue retention yielded the highest grain yield (5.81 t ha-1) which contributed to produce the highest BCR (1.06)

A Review of Microbial Contamination in Processed and Street Foods

As a basic physiology need threat to sufficient food, production is threat to human survival food security was a main issue that has gained global concern. This paper looks at the food borne contamination by assessing the availability of food and accessibility of the available food from a food as a microbiologist’s perspective, there are several microorganisms similarly viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and parasites for which foods serve as vehicles of transmission. Among these agents, several bacteria are most commonly implicated in foodborne outbreak episodes. Foodborne diseases in human beings are caused either by straight contact with infested food animals/animal products (zoonotic) or humans, such as a food handler, or by direct absorption of polluted foods. There are three important terms with regard to foodborne diseases foodborne infections, foodborne toxicoinfections and foodborne intoxications. Foodborne infection is the condition caused by the incorporation of viable cells of a pathogen. For example, Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli infections are brought about by the ingestion of food contaminated with living cells of these pathogens. Finally, foodborne toxicoinfection is that in which the ingestion of viable pathogenic cells causes the toxins productions inside the human body, leading to infection episodes. For example, Vibrio cholerae produces cholera toxin inside the body after being ingested by the host. The morphology, Gram’s reaction, biochemical properties, and associated foods with important foodborne bacteria

A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Nursing Intervention on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Breast Cancer and Breast Self Examination among Women in Selected Area at Salem

The women in rural area lacked knowledge regarding breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE). The study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of planned nursing intervention to enhance knowledge and practice regarding breast cancer and breast self-examination among women in selected area at Salem. Breast cancer as a group of malignant diseases that commonly occur in the female breast than in the male breast. Breast cancer is one of the commonest causes of death in many developed countries in the middle age women and is becoming frequent in the developing countries

A Review of using Nanostructured Materials in Food Safety, Packaging and Storage

Food-grade Nano designed materials are largely utilized with a few methodologies for further developed food properties as far as quality and medical advantages. The food-grade nanostructured materials for the most part incorporate inorganic and natural materials, where the utilization of natural nanomaterials, like polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and others, has been expanded for their profile based assets. Food-grade nanostructured materials might offer further developed food properties as far as surface, shading, flavor, supplement substance, rheology and others, which must be basically checked. The nanostructured materials are likewise used to foster bundling materials, in both essential and optional bundling, for custom fitted properties with diminished waste. Be that as it may, the food handling is estimated as far as movement properties, toxicological conduct of nanoparticle among bundle and food materials, as food handling is a main pressing issue in securing the bundled items for the duration of the existence cycle. Among accessible, polysaccharide-based nanostructured materials, for example, nanocellulose, nanochitosan, nanostarch, and so on, are widely utilized materials for tuned food properties

GC-MS analysis of bio-active compounds in the ethanolic extract of Amorphophallus sylvaticus

Amorphophallus sylvaticus (Roxb) (Araceae) seed acquired with different solvent extraction. The investigation aimed to carry out the GC-MS analysis of methanolic extracts of the seed Amorphophallus sylvaticus (Roxb) (Araceae). The preliminary analysis revealed the seeds contain both fixed and essential oils, proteins, alkaloids and saponin. Much of the biological activity of the seeds has been shown to be due to Eugenol, the major component of the essential oil which is also present in the fixed oil. The present study deals with the analysis of phytochemicals by qualitative and quantitative procedures using the ethanolic extracts of seeds of Amorphophallus sylvaticus by using soxhlet apparatus. Phytochemical constituents like alkaloids, flavanoids, saponins, Eugenol, glycosides in the ethanolic extract of Amorphophallus sylvaticus were also identified by GC-MS technique