INDEX AND STATUS OF SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT IN SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DIMENCIONS BY SUMBER SARI FOREST FARMER GROUP IN WAN ABDUL RACHMAN GRAND FOREST PARK, LAMPUNG PROVINCE

The Index and Sustainability Status play an important role in ensuring the sustainable management of Forest Resources. The objective of this study is to analyze the index value and sustainability status of the management of Wan Abdur Rachman Grand Forest Park in the Sumber Sari Forest Farmers Group in social and economic dimensions. This research employs qualitative and quantitative approaches through observations and interviews. The community sample was obtained using a census method. The data collected were analyzed using multidimensional scaling with the Rapid Fisheries Assessment software. This software is used to assess sustainability status in social and economic aspects of the management. The research results indicate that the forest management in Wan Abdur Rachman Grand Forest Park by Sumber Sari Forest Farmers Group is categorized as quite sustainable. This status is reflected by the high sensitivity values in the community income attribute and accessibility (economic dimension), as well as the community participation attribute in management and the level of education of the community (social dimension). The improvement of road infrastructure, the selection of high-value commodities, training in forest product processing, and the socialization of forest product marketing need to be carried out by the government to achieve a status of very sustainable management

STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF TREES IN THE GIRIMANIK NATURAL FOREST AREA, WONOGIRI, CENTRAL JAVA

A tree is a woody plant with a main trunk and branches that grow upwards. Trees play an ecological role as carbon reserves and habitats for various fauna. This research is important to provide references related to tree diversity and natural forest ecosystems as a basis for policy-making to support ecosystem sustainability. Research on tree vegetation has never been conducted in the Girimanik Wonogiri Natural Forest Area, therefore, this study aims to observe the structure and composition of trees in this area. Data was collected using the one-hectare plot method, with 25 plots each measuring 20 x 20 cm. To meet the plot criteria for vegetation analysis, plot placement was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The results of this study show that the Girimanik Natural Forest Area has 40 species from 24 families, with the tree species having the highest importance value index are Quercus lineata and Ficus padana. The plant with the largest diameter is Trema orientalis. Natural forests have the highest tree diversity compared to artificial forests or agroforestry systems

FLORA DIVERSITY AND RESTORATION PLANNING FOR CRITICAL LAND IN STEAM-ELECTRIC POWER STATION ULUBELU AREAS

Geothermal Power Plants are one of the geothermal energies that can be used as a source of electricity. One of the geothermal powers in Lampung is the Ulubelu PLTP located in Tanggamus Regency. As an energy-producing agency, Ulubelu PLTP also contributes to preserving flora and fauna in their work area. This is shown through the planting of several types of wood plants to improve the flora in their work area. This study aims to record the types of plants that exist, the abundance of their types, climatic and edaphic factors, as well as recommendations for types that can be used for the enrichment of flora types in the Ulubelu PLTP work area. The vegetation analysis method used to collect flora data is a census method divided into 5 observation lines. The dominant and codominant types found at the tree level are Acacia mangium and Erythrina variegata, at the pole level Leucaena leucocephala and Toona sureni, at the pile level Gliricidia sepium and Syzygium myrtifolium, and at the lower plant level are Imperata cylindrica and Mikania micrantha. In addition to commercial types, some types have the potential to be invasive in the Ulubelu PLTP. The study also recommends that plant species be restored to increase species diversity and vegetation density. The types recommended for restoration based on vegetation analysis data are those that have aesthetic value, those that produce fruit or flowers that can present animals, and the protected types or types that can be used in addition to their wood

MONITORING LAND COVER CHANGE INDICATIVE MAP OF SOCIAL FORESTRY AREA IN PULANG PISAU REGENCY

Pulang Pisau Regency faces significant pressure from human activities that threaten the sustainability of its forests. The phenomenon of deforestation and land conversion is important for understanding the dynamics of land cover change. Social forestry programs potentially contribute to reducing the rate of change in forest cover. This study aims to analyze land cover change on the Indicative Social Forestry Map (PIAPS) in Pulang Pisau Regency. The research method used Landsat-7 images recorded in 2000 and Landsat-8 images recorded in 2020, PIAPS data, and land cover classification using the Random Forest model with Quantum GIS and Google Earth Engine (GEE) software. The research shows that there has been a significant land cover change over a decade in the Indicative Map of Social Forestry in Pulang Pisau District. Forest cover has decreased from 41,149 ha in 2000 to 23,836 ha in 2020. The average accuracy of land cover showed an OA value of 95% and KA of 92%, which is categorized as good. This study thus highlights the importance of maintaining forest cover to address future land change dynamics through social forestry scheme program

SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND HOME GARDEN UTILIZATION BY THE COMMUNITY IN THE CONSERVATION AREA OF WAN ABDUL RACHMAN GRAND FOREST PARK, SUNGAI LANGKA VILLAGE, PESAWARAN REGENCY, LAMPUNG PROVINCE

Home gardens have significant potential to improve communities' economic, ecological, and social welfare. This study examines the socio-economic conditions and home garden utilization practices of the community in the Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park (Tahura WAR) conservation area, located in Sungai Langka Village, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province. Data was collected through direct interviews using structured questionnaires, with respondents selected via the Simple Random Sampling method. Descriptive analytical methods were employed for data analysis. The results reveal that 83.33% of farmers in Sungai Langka are adults aged 27–40 years, all male. The farmers belong to three ethnic groups: Javanese, Lampungese, and Sundanese, with Javanese being the majority. Most farmers (63.33%) have a secondary education level, and 83.33% engage in secondary occupations. According to the Indonesian Statistical Agency/BPS (2021) income classification, 74.5% of the population falls into the middle-income category. The average homegarden size is approximately 100 m². The majority of homegardens (90.33%) are utilized as yard gardens, followed by livestock shelters (66.33%), ornamental gardens (40.66%), and fishponds (20.55%). These findings highlight the pivotal role of homegardens in supporting the livelihoods of communities near conservation areas. This study underscores the importance of optimizing homegarden management to enhance community welfare while mitigating pressures on conservation forests

TIME CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF BUCKING OF SENGON IN PRIVATE FORESTS

Bucking is a forest harvesting stage that determines the quality of round wood.  The bucking in private forests uses a chainsaw.  Efficient bucking process is a prerequisite for sustainable forest harvesting.  The study aimed to analyze the working time and productivity of bucking using a chainsaw in private forests. The study was conducted in private forests planted with an agroforestry pattern in the Probolinggo district, East Java. Working time measurements are carried out based on analysis of video images recorded during data collection in the field.  The number of bucking work cycles observed was 31 cycles.  Regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the logs' diameter and length and the bucking's productivity.  The average working time for bucking was 7.09 minutes per cycle, consisting of 77.84% working time and 22.16% non-working time.  The average productivity of bucking was 2.51 m3/hour.  The study provided important empirical results regarding bucking's working time and productivity in private forests where the type of felled tree was sengon.  Hopefully, the study results will be useful in planning and developing bucking techniques in private forests in Indonesia

LOCAL WISDOM IN THE USE OF PLANTS FOR HOUSEHOLD NEEDS BY THE DAYAK BENUAQ IN KAMPUNG LOTAQ, EAST KALIMANTAN

The Dayak Benuaq in Kampung Lotaq possess local wisdom in using the plants around them to meet household needs. The diversity of plant species used for household needs has been maintained until now. This research aims to examine the types of plants and local wisdom in using plants for household needs among the Benuaq Dayak tribe in Kampung Lotaq, Muara Lawa, East Kalimantan. This research applies purposive sampling in selecting informants. The number of informants in this study is 15 people. The results of this study show that there are 20 species of plants used for household needs, namely 10 types used as firewood (fuel) and 10 types used to make household utensils. The plant family that dominates for household needs is Arecaceae. Plants that are often used as fuel are kelepapak (Vitex pinnata L) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.) because they dry quickly and produce a lot of embers, while the plants commonly used to make household utensils are uwe or rattan (Calamus sp.) and teluyent or ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) because they are strong and durable. The Dayak Benuaq community in Kampung Lotaq still preserves local wisdom by utilizing plants to meet household needs

ANALYSIS OF BIRD DIVERSITY AND FEEDING GUILDS IN THE SIMPANG RUSA ECOSYSTEM RECOVERY AREA, SUSUKAN BARU RESORT, WAY KAMBAS NATIONAL PARK

The presence of birds can indicate whether the environment supports the life of an organism or not because it has a reciprocal and interdependent relationship with its environment. The diversity and abundance of bird species can indicate how the area is doing. This study aimed to determine birds' diversity, richness, evenness, dominance, feeding groups, and conservation status in the Simpang Rusa Ecosystem Recovery Area (SRERA). Data collection was done by direct observation in the field using the point count method. A total of 47 bird species from 24 families with a species diversity value (H') of 3.11 in the high category, species richness value (R) 7.62, species evenness value (E) of 0.8 in the good category, and species dominance (C) of 0.07 in the low category. 6 feeding groups were identified, namely insect eaters (53%), fruit eaters (18%), animal material eaters (12%), fish eaters (7%), seed eaters (6%) and nectar eaters (3%). Four protected bird species were found, namely Elanus caeruleus and Spilornis cheela, Gorsachius melanolophus and Rhipidura javanica. Based on the IUCN Redlist, there are two bird species with Near Treatened status, namely the Phaenicophaeus diardi and Cyornis turcosus, one species with Vulnerable status, namely the Acridotheres javanicus, and 42 other species with Least Concern status. Based on CITES, two bird species have Appendix II status. Annual monitoring is needed to monitor the population and mitigate threats as a conservation effort

COMMUNITY PERSPECTIVES ON THE EXISTENCE OF WILDLIFE (CASE STUDY IN TALANG PONIJAN AND SIDODADI I)

Community perspectives are important for wildlife, as they impact their contribution to wildlife conservation. This study aims to analyze community perspectives on wildlife in the Talang Ponijan and Sidodadi I forest farmer groups, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The method in this study uses a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, involved observation, and documentation studies. The data collected was analyzed descriptively to illustrate how the community's perspective on the existence of wildlife. The results showed that there are similarities in the views of the Talang Ponijan and Sidodadi I communities towards the existence of wildlife. The people of Talang Ponijan and Sidodadi I have a negative view of the existence of wild boar (Sus scrofa), bear (Helarctos malayanus), bajing (Callosciurus notatus), tiger (Panthera tigris), monkey (Macaca fascicularis), and macaque (Macaca nemestrina). Negative views arise because they are considered crop pests and destroy gardens. They are also considered a nuisance and a threat to safety. Gibbon (Symphalangus syndactylus), bats (Chiroptera sp.), and birds have a positive impact as they act as seed dispersers, pest controllers, and coffee quality indicators. However, their behavior towards wildlife sustainability shows differences. Some people in Talang Ponijan are still involved in practices that harm wildlife, such as monoculture, poaching and land clearing. Meanwhile, the Sidodadi I community tends to prioritize wildlife-sustainable agricultural practices such as shade coffee systems and planting high canopy trees. The government needs to provide guidance to increase community capacity and strict and effective law enforcement is important to prevent illegal activities

STUDY OF THE COMFORT LEVEL OF GREEN OPEN SPACE IN GEDONG TATAAN SUB-DISTRICT

The conversion of land in urban areas, especially Green Open Space (GOS), into development land causes green land to decrease, coupled with the increasing volume of vehicles. The rapid activity of manufacturing plants and excessive energy consumption are contributing factors to the increase in CO2 in the air, and the quantity and quality of O2 is declining. Green Open Space or city park is an open space that has ecological benefits, the space is filled by trees that form vegetation, socio-cultural benefits as a forum for interaction between visitors, architectural and aesthetic benefits for the beauty of the city that can provide benefits in the form of recreational and tourist spaces for the community. The existence of RTH will improve air quality and comfort in densely populated areas. The method used is to calculate the Temperature Humidity Index (THI). The research aims to analyze the temperature and humidity that affect the comfort level of GOS in Gedong Tataan. Data is taken in October 2023. The results showed that the highest temperature was found in Gedong Tataan Park, which was 34.4 oC, and the lowest temperature was found in Jejama Sidototo Park, which was 25.8 oC. The difference in temperature and air humidity in the two RTHs in Gedong Tataan District is caused by differences in the composition of vegetation types. The diversity of vegetation types can reduce air temperature and increase humidity to provide comfort in both GOSs