BUILDING ACTIVE KNOWLEDGE: THE CORNELL METHOD IN UNDERSTANDING THE CENTRAL DOGMA OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

This qualitative study examines the efficacy of the Cornell note-taking method in enhancing ninth-grade biology students\u27 comprehension of DNA and RNA within the framework of the central dogma of molecular biology. Through an analysis of student notes from a high school in Medellín, Colombia, the research identified three levels of understanding: basic structural differentiation, correlation between form and function, and integration of all three components. The Cornell method was determined to be a highly effective strategy for improving students\u27 understanding by promoting active learning, critical thinking, and metacognitive skills. The findings indicate that this method can significantly contribute to biology education, cultivating a more profound understanding of complex biological concepts

Measuring Student Teachers\u27 Self-Efficacy to Implement Inclusive Practice: Adaptation of the TEIP Scale and Intergroup Comparisons

A growing trend in countries with educational policies oriented toward humanistic education is the application of the idea of inclusion in schools, aimed at supporting all students without exception and fully accommodating their needs. This approach is supported, among other factors, by the preparation of future teachers during their undergraduate studies. In addition to developing their professional competencies as inclusive educators, it is essential to monitor how much they trust their ability to influence educational dynamics in response to various instructional situations associated with classroom management. The purpose of this paper is, on the one hand, to adapt the Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practices (TEIP) scale (Sharma et al., 2012) for a sample of teaching students at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, and on the other hand, to analyze the factors affecting their ability to guide (manage) student behavior, collaborate with other educational stakeholders, and implement inclusive teaching practices. The research sample consisted of 141 master’s degree students from the Faculty of Arts and the Faculty of Science at UPJŠ (average age AM=23.18; SD=1.33). To validate the research tool, we employed exploratory factor analysis (principal component analysis), as the obtained data did not correspond with the original model, which we tested using confirmatory factor analysis. Both the research instrument and its dimensions demonstrated optimal internal consistency. Considering the selected variables describing the research sample, we identified a statistically significant difference in the efficacy of student teachers in managing student behavior (field of study), in conducting inclusive teaching (year of study, completed types of pedagogical practice), and in collaboration with other stakeholders of education (passing of the subject/subjects with the issue of inclusive education). Findings suggest that increasing students\u27 self-efficacy in these areas requires attention to their mastery experiences in reflecting on the possibilities of professional preparation, with regard to their specialization in the humanities and sciences

The Emotional and Economic Journey of Women Using E-commerce

: E-commerce as per its name suggests it is electronic commerce. This platform provides almost all goods and services commercially, or some can be free. This is an online mode, and it provides transactional, digital and business-related environments. However, when considering the emotional and economic journey of women using e-commerce, it’s important to look beyond the transactional nature of e-commerce to explore how it impacts the human experience of women—both emotionally and financially. This paper explores the emotional and economic journey of women engaged in e-commerce, highlighting the ways that digital platforms are changing their roles in business, society, and personal life. Over the past decade, e-commerce has become a potent instrument for women to achieve financial independence, create entrepreneurial ventures, and overcome traditional barriers to appear her present in the business world. However, the economic impact is not the sole benefit. The paper also examines into the emotional transformation experienced by women, such as increased self-confidence, empowerment, and a sense of accomplishment that comes with managing and scaling online businesses. Drawing on qualitative data from case studies, interviews, and surveys, this paper scrutinizeshow women navigate the complex interplay of financial goals and personal fulfillment through their E-commerce ventures. It investigates the challenges women face in a traditionally male-dominated digital space, including gender bias, digital literacy gaps, and balancing business with familial responsibilities. Furthermore, the study highlights the positive emotional outcomes—such as enhanced autonomy, self-expression, and community-building—that often accompany these entrepreneurial pursuits. By focusing on both the economic gains and the emotional rewards, this paper provides a holistic view of e-commerce as a transformative force for women. It argues that e-commerce not only fosters financial independence but also cultivates a sense of agency, pride, and emotional resilience. Finally, the paper offers guidance for enhancing support systems for women entrepreneurs in the digital economy, including targeted education, mentorship, and policy reforms aimed at addressing gender disparities in the e-commerce space. This research aims to contribute to the broader conversation on women\u27s empowerment and the evolving role of digital commerce in promoting gender equity in the global economy

Dynamic Governance in Sustainable Waste Management: A Case Study of The Waste Bank Program in Makassar City

Effective waste management is a major challenge in developing cities, including Makassar City, with increasing waste volume and low public awareness. This study aims to analyze the implementation of dynamic governance in the management of waste banks in Makassar City through organizational culture, dynamic capabilities, and changes that occur. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, involving informants from the Environmental Service, Waste Bank managers, and the community. The study results show that the organizational culture that prioritizes collaboration, transparency, and active community participation is supported by ongoing education and coordination. Dynamic capabilities are reflected in thinking ahead (innovations such as exchanging waste for gold), thinking again (regular evaluation for strategy adaptation), and thinking across (cross-sector collaboration). The Waste Bank program has reduced the volume of waste in landfills, increased public awareness, and provided economic benefits. However, challenges such as low community participation and interagency coordination still exist. This study concludes that the implementation of dynamic governance supports the sustainability of waste management through multi-sectoral collaboration and changes in collective mindsets. Success requires stronger cross-sector commitment, with ongoing education and innovation as the keys to program sustainability

Interweaving Personal and Ecological Histories: Eco-Feminism, Environmental Concerns, and the Impact of Political Upheavals in Anuradha Roy’s All the Lives We Never Lived

Anuradha Roy’s All the Lives We Never Lived (2018) seamlessly intertwines personal histories with larger environmental and political upheavals, providing a rich canvas for exploring the eco-feminist dimensions of the narrative. This article delves into the intersections of gender, nature, and politics within the novel, where personal and ecological histories are tightly linked. The characters, particularly women, are depicted as both victims and stewards of the environment amidst colonial and post-colonial upheavals. Through an eco-feminist lens, this research investigates how political and ecological disruptions shape the characters’ lives and identities. Roy’s work highlights the enduring connection between human and environmental well-being, illustrating how the degradation of one reflects the deterioration of the other. A literature review of eco-feminist thought is integrated to provide a theoretical framework, while the narrative is examined in the context of historical political movements and ecological degradation. Roy’s novel encourages readers to rethink the human-environment relationship by demonstrating how women, as carriers of personal and cultural histories, also serve as custodians of the environment

The Relationship Between General Attitudes of Sports Managers in Fitness Centers Towards Artificial Intelligence and Their Intrinsic Motivation: The Case of the Marmara Region

This study aims to examine the relationship between the general attitudes of sports managers in fitness centers towards artificial intelligence and their intrinsic motivation. The research was conducted using the relational survey model. A total of 394 participants, including 133 women and 264 men, were voluntarily selected using the convenience sampling method among sports managers working in fitness centers in the Marmara Region.The data for the study were collected using the "General Attitude Towards Artificial Intelligence Scale", developed by Schepman and Rodway (2020) and adapted into Turkish by Kaya et al. (2022), the "Intrinsic Motivation Scale for Employees", developed by Bardak and Nihal (2023), and a "Personal Information Form".For data analysis, t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis techniques were used. The findings revealed that attitudes towards artificial intelligence showed significant differences based on gender, marital status, age, education level, and income level, whereas intrinsic motivation only showed a significant difference in relation to age. No significant differences were found in intrinsic motivation concerning other demographic variables.Additionally, a low-level negative significant relationship was identified between attitudes towards artificial intelligence and intrinsic motivation. As a result, it can be stated that intrinsic motivation negatively influences attitudes towards artificial intelligence, albeit at a low level

A Study On Comparison Of Ultrasound Guided Aspirationversus Incision And Drainage On The Basis Of Clinical Outcomes In Breast Abscess Patients In A Tertiary Care Hospital

This study examines the age distribution and clinical outcomes of breast abscess treatments: Surgical Incision and Drainage and Ultrasound-Guided Needle Aspiration.Sixty participants (30 per group)were analysed for demographic and clinical profiles,with age categorized into six groups.Mean age and standard deviation were calculated.Clinical parameters,including symptomatic presentation,breastfeeding status,medical history,breast involvement,pain scores(VAS),procedural duration,and post-operative outcomes,were analysed.Most participants were in the 20-29 and 30-39 age groups(n=23 each),with fewer in older categories.Group 1 had a higher proportion of participants aged 20-29,while Group 2 had more aged 30-39.Mean age was 35.23±11.39 years in Group A and 34.6±9.04 years in Group 2.Breast abscesses were most common among lactating females,with 21 in Group 1 and 19 in Group B.Pain was a universal symptom,while lump occurrence was more frequent in Group 2.Procedural duration was shorter in Group 2(00:16:26±00:01:16)versus Group 1 (01:06:24±00:07:52)(p<0.001).Pain reduction was greater in Group B post-operatively,with VAS scores decreasing from 6.7±1.01 to 0.8±0.41 at two weeks(p<0.0001).Residual lump presence was lower in Group 2(6.7%)compared to Group A(86.7%)(p<0.001).In conclusion, breast abscess prevalence is higher among younger and middle-aged lactating females. Ultrasound-guided needle aspiration shows superior outcomes in procedural efficiency,pain reduction,and lower residual lump formation,making it a promising alternative to surgical incision and drainage

Epilepsy And Driving Laws: A Global Perspective

Epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, presents unique challenges for individuals seeking to drive, as seizures can impair consciousness, motor control, and decision-making, potentially leading to accidents. Driving laws for people with epilepsy vary significantly across countries, reflecting differences in medical understanding, public safety priorities, and societal attitudes toward disability. This paper provides a comprehensive global perspective on driving regulations for individuals with epilepsy, examining the balance between ensuring road safety and safeguarding the rights of individuals with epilepsy to maintain their independence and quality of life.The study explores the driving eligibility criteria, reporting requirements, and the role of medical professionals in assessing fitness to drive in various countries. For instance, in the United States, driving laws are state-specific, with most states requiring a seizure-free period of 3 to 12 months for private drivers. In contrast, the United Kingdom mandates a 12-month seizure-free period for private drivers and a 10-year period for commercial drivers, with exceptions for nocturnal seizures. Similarly, countries like Australia, Canada, and India have established their own seizure-free periods, ranging from 6 months to 2 years, depending on the type of driving license.The paper also highlights the role of medical professionals in certifying fitness to drive and the ethical dilemmas surrounding mandatory reporting of epilepsy cases to licensing authorities. While some countries, such as the United States and Canada, require physicians to report patients with epilepsy, others rely on self-reporting, raising concerns about compliance and enforcement. Additionally, the study examines the societal stigma associated with epilepsy and its impact on driving eligibility, as well as the need for public awareness campaigns to reduce discrimination and promote inclusivity.By comparing driving laws across countries, this paper underscores the importance of harmonizing regulations to ensure both public safety and the rights of individuals with epilepsy. It calls for evidence-based policies, improved medical management of epilepsy, and greater collaboration between healthcare providers, policymakers, and advocacy groups to create a balanced and equitable framework for driving eligibility. This global perspective aims to inform future research and policy development in this critical area

Synergistic Ensemble Methods for Predicting VEGF Sequences Associated with Dental Cystic Lesions and Ameloblastomas

Introduction: VEGF/VPF is a 45kd glycoprotein found on human chromosome 6p21.3 that binds to endothelial cell receptors. Five forms of the VEGF gene have been identified in mammals, promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration and contributing to normal angiogenesis and pathological conditions like tumorigenesis. Targeting VEGF receptors is crucial for treating dentigerous cysts and tumors, requiring a sequence-based understanding for targeted therapies and surgical success. The study explores the role of VEGF in dental cystic lesions and Ameloblastomas, aiming to improve clinical outcomes by understanding tumor behavior. It uses ensemble methods for predicting VEGF sequences, integrating multi-omics data and machine learning to provide insights into molecular pathology and improve patient outcomes.Methods: The human VEGF sequences, including P15692, A0A0A0MTB2, |P49765, O43915, A0A0A0MSI7, A0A0A0MRQ4, and Q7LAP4, were retrieved, checked for missing values, and analyzed for prediction using Protbert embeddings and stacked ensemble learning. The study used a dataset of 1,034 features from advanced measurements to enhance signal-to-noise ratio, reduce dimensionality, and retain critical information. The dataset was preprocessed using feature scaling and a hybrid feature selection method. The Standard Scaler standardized features, while the XGBoost algorithm refined selection. The final set of 459 optimized features was combined through stacking.Results: The stacked ensemble model achieved 70% accuracy, relying heavily on gradient-boosting techniques. XGBoost optimizes memory usage and handles missing data. Random Forest may not effectively extract dataset complexities. Classifier weight analysis guides future strategies, focusing on boosting methods.Conclusion: The study developed an ensemble model to predict VEGF-related outcomes in ameloblastoma and dentigerous cysts patients, but challenges like data imbalance and overfitting need to be addressed

LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY: ENHANCING SURGICAL OUTCOME OF CORONALLY ADVANCED FLAP OUTCOMES FOR ISOLATED GINGIVAL RECESSION

Background: Gingival recession is a common issue that can impact how your smile looks and your oral health. The coronally advanced flap (MCAF) is a surgical procedure to treat gingival recession and enhance the esthetics. This procedure is often combined with low level laser therapy (LLLT) which is believed to enhance overall treatment results. Objective: The goal of this research was to assess how effective LLLT is when used alongside MCAF in decreasing the depth and width of recession and improving the clinical attachment level within a span of 6 months. Methods: Twenty patients, with Miller Class I or II gingival recession defects were divided into two groups -one receiving MCAF alone and the other receiving MCAF along with LLLT treatment in a randomized manner. The clinical measurements of GRD (gingival recession depth) GRW (gingival recession width) and CAL (attachment level) were evaluated at the beginning of the study and at the 3 month and 6-month marks to evaluate the progress. The results, between the two groups were compared and statistically analyzed.Results: Both groups had same values, for GRD and GRW measurements initially. By month 3 of observation period the experimental group exhibited significant decreases in GRD (0.40 ± 0.35 mm vs. 1.10 ± 0.50 mm; p = 0.01) and GRH (0.50 ± 0.30 mm vs. 1.20 ± 0.60 mm; p = 0.002). The enhancements persisted after 6 months showing that those, in test group achieved results for gingival recession depth (0.50 ± 0.25 mm vs. 1.60 ± 0.45 mm; p = 0.001) as well as gingival recession width (0.60 ± 0.35 mm vs. 1.70 ± 0.55 mm; p = 0.001). The test group also experienced improvement, in clinical attachment level gain during both follow up periods. Conclusion: Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) greatly improves the results of MCAF procedure by decreasing Gingival Recession Depth (GRD) and Gingival Recession Width (GRW) while improvement in clinical Attachment Level (CAL) during the 6 months post treatment follow up. Thus, the incorporation of LLLT, in the treatment of gingival recession may be considered