LATE DIAGNOSIS OF POST-PARTUM COLORECTAL CANCER IN A YOUNG KAZAKH WOMAN

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is generally expected among population above 60 years of age and rarely occurs in younger age groups. Its occurrence in young individuals is sporadic and has poor prognosis.Presentation of the case: A 24-year old woman, previously healthy, delivered her first child and subsequently developed pelvic problems. Despite multiple surgeries and diagnostic work-up, which included cross-sectional imaging, the patient’s diagnosis remained unknown. At the time of diagnosis with a colonoscopic evaluation, the patient was in the late stage of disease and died few months later.Conclusion: CRC should be in the differentials list in all patient cases, when suggestive symptoms present, regardless of age and other factors. Its association with pregnancy may obscure symptoms and delay the diagnosis

An Integrated Clinical-mRNA-lncRNA-miRNA Signature for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Prognosis

An increasing number of evidence suggests that clinical variables alone are not enough to predict the survival of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), and the expression of mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) also plays an important role in the onset of MIBC. This study aims to establish a more accurate model for predicting the overall survival of MIBC based on clinical information and genetic characteristics. In this study, the RNAs profiles and clinical variable data of patients with MIBC were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate Cox regression analysis, differential expression analysis and elastic net-regulated Cox regression analysis were used to identify the clinical variables and RNAs (mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs) related to the prognosis of MIBC. Prognostic models of MIBC were established by multivariate Cox regression and ridge regression analysis using the identified prognostic clinical variables and RNAs. Three clinical variables, 25 mRNAs, 3 lncRNAs and 2 miRNAs related to the prognosis of MIBC were identified, and an integrated signature, a clinical variable signature, and an mRNA-lncRNA-miRNA signature were established based on the identified clinical variables and/or RNAs. Among the three models, the integrated signature had the highest predictive accuracy (5-year the area under the curve (AUC)=0.835, 95%CI:0.776-0.894) among the three models (P 0.05). The patients in the TCGA MIBC cohort were classified into high- or low-risk groups by the integrated signature, and it was found that the patients in the low-risk group had a significantly longer overall survival time compared with the patients in the high-risk group (P 0.001). Applying published gene signatures and TCGA data, a new and more accurate integrated clinical-mRNA-lncRNA-miRNA signature for MIBC prognostic was established

Engineered Polymer and Nanodiamond

Nanodiamond possess several outstanding properties such as hardness, strength, Young’s modulus, heat stability, and thermal conductivity. Nanodiamond is stable and may offer a biocompatible interface. Due to high strength to weight ratio and low friction coefficient, these nanocomposites find applications in structural, tribological, engineering, and other sectors. Nanodiamond has large specific surface area to develop polymer-nanofiller interactions. Interphase has been developed in the vicinity of nanodiamond surface and polymer. The interphase holds great potential for obtaining high performance engineered nanocomposites. Polymer/nanodiamond nanocomposites have also been used to form multifunctional tissue scaffolds

Evaluation Of Platelet-Rich Plasma Effect On Treatment Of Temporomandibular Joint Anterior Disc Displacement

The use of Platelet-Rich-Plasma (PRP) may provide a new and improved treatment option for early and late  Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) disc displacement. However, there are no long-term studies on its use in TMJ arthritis in the literature. The present study evaluate 28 patients with different degrees of disc displacement over a period of time. These patients had experienced no pain reduction following conservative approaches (including splint therapy) and  minimally invasive arthrocentesis treatment. All patients had evidence of disc displacement associated with pain and discomfort, and sometimes clicking. The patients were without systemic joint disease, septicarthritis, or autoimmune arthritis. Only patients who had not responded to conservative therapy were included in the present study. Pain intensity was recorded for each patient using a 0-10 VAS scale. Maximum Inter-incisal Opening (MIO) was also recorded. This assessment was performed at the pretreatment stage and then examinations 3,6,9,12 months respectively after administration of two intra-articular injections of autologous PRP.The results after 12 months revealed that intra-articular injection of autologous PRP appeared to be an effective treatment method for patients with disc displacement in this study. At the 12-months follow-up, all patients  improved their mouth opening significantly. The majority of the PRP patients  showed decreased pain. The average pain score before PRP administration was 7.5, while 3 months after PRP administration the pain score was 4.2. The pain score continued to decrease, reaching nearly 2 after 6 months and  0.5 by the end of 12 months. In conclusion, the use of PRP was found to be an effective and predictable treatment option for disc displacement

Primary EndobronchialOsteosarcomatoid Malignant Neoplasm Presenting with Pneumothorax

Introduction: Pulmonary sarcomas are a rare, diverse group of neoplasms. Management is largely guided by limited case series.Presentation of the case: We present a case of an elderly male who presented with acute respiratory failure due to pneumothorax, confirmed on bronchoscopy to have an obstructing mass in the left mainstem bronchus. Biopsy revealed the lesion to be consistent with a sarcomatoid malignant neoplasm with osteosarcomatoid features. A PET-CT showed no evidence of extrapulmonary disease.Conclusion: There are several subtypes of pulmonary sarcoma. Pulmonary osteosarcomas carry an especially poor prognosis

Li-Fraumeni Syndrome: Adopting a Diagnosis with an Unknown Family History

Introduction: Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a rare, autosomal dominant disease that is typically screenedfor and identified in patients with a known history of cancer and family history ofcancer.Presentation of Case: Ms. DA is an adopted 39-year-old South American female with a past medical history of iron deficiency anemia, celiac disease, and polio. She presented with ductal carcinoma in-situ with spindle cell atypia at age 35 and leiomyosarcoma of the ankle at age 36. Genetic counseling was offered due to her age and cancer types, with subsequent genetic testing revealing a TP53-R337H mutation, which was diagnostic of LFS. Given her high risk status, extensive cancer screenings at common LFS body sites were recommended, but she was lost to follow-up. Four years later, she returned after discovering a new right breast mass on self-examination. She was referred to a new breast surgeon, who was able to establish consistent and close follow-up while providing counseling and education regarding lifetime risk and cancer trajectory of classical LFS compared to the Brazilian LFS-subtype.Conclusion: The importance of having a high level of suspicion for patients with anunknown family history is crucial as seen in this case. Without a biological familyhistory, clinicians rely on their judgement to decide when further work-up is warranted.Advancements in medicine and genetic testing have increased the ability to accuratelydiagnose genetic diseases to help patients make life-saving decisions about theirhealth

Residual Levels of Heavy Metal Contaminants in Cattle Hides Singed with Scrap Tyre and Firewood Fuel Sources: a Comparative Study in the Wa Municipality of Ghana

The present study compared the residual levels of heavy metals in cattle hides obtained from the Wa Municipal abattoir (in the Upper West Region of Ghana) singed using scrap tyres and firewood as fuel sources. Heavy metals of interest included As, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd. Residual levels of these metals were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer AA 220. Scrap tyre singed hides in general recorded the highest concentrations of As, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd than firewood singed hides and unsinged hides. Scrap tyre singed hides recorded significant increments in metal levels in the range of 312.50 - 811.11 %, 221.95 - 599.56 %, 236.21 - 366.57 %, 1408.82 - 1600.00 % and 1275.00 - 2875.00 % respectively for As, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd. Firewood singed hides similarly recorded considerable increments in metal levels ranging from122.22 - 375.00 %, 202.44 - 280.63 %, 120.44 - 302.51 %, 1251.43 - 1361.73 % and 462.50 - 1837.50 % respectively for As, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd. As, Pb and Cd maximum and minimum levels recorded for scrap tyre singed hides, firewood singed hides and unsinged hides all exceeded respective maximum permissible limits of 0.05 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg and 0.05 mg/kg. Cu and Fe maximum levels were below the respective maximum permissible thresholds of 20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. The present study essentially brought to bear the unwholesome state of cattle hides being consumed within the Wa Municipality of the Upper West Region of Ghana

Oncoproteomics: Opportunities, Challenges & Advanced Technologies

Oncoproteomics is nothing but the analysis of proteins and their interactions in a cancer cell through proteomic technologies. Oncoproteomics is playing a progressively significant part in diagnosis and the management of cancer. It also helps in the advancement of personalized therapy of cancer. Oncoproteomics holds great potential not only for opening the complicated molecular episodes of tumorigenesis but also for those that regulate clinically essential tumor habits, like metastasis, invasion, and resistance to treatment. Protein molecules show a significant impact on the evolution of cancer as it mainly develops due to abnormal signaling pathways. Detection and comprehension of these alterations is the major concept of oncoproteomics. Novel proteomic technologies related to cancer are defined in short, which are assisting not only in the comprehension of the mechanism of drug-resistant in cancer but also bestow some guides in management. For the diagnostic and prognostic categorization of the disease condition, and in measuring the drug efficiency and toxicity acclimatization of proteomic technologies in clinical laboratories is the fundamental objective of oncoproteomics. A considerable influence on the management of cancer patients and on a spectacular revolution in cancer research might notice by data obtained through such novel technologies. For the cancer therapy, the identification of novel targets, as well as an understanding of tumor development, might permit by the research of tumor-specific proteomic profiles. A wide perspective on drug-resistant and anticancer drug discovery, proteomic biomarkers and its function in the diagnosis of cancer, current innovation in proteomic technologies have tried to give in this review

The Impact of the Corrosiveness of Crude Oils on the Metallic Corrosion

Corrosion is a natural phenomenon which is linked with the ferrous metals and the supporting environment as well. Especially it is possible to find in the industry of crude oil refining because of the vast applications of the ferrous metals and the corrosiveness of the crude oils. According to the scope of the current research there were expected to investigate the impact of two different types of crude oils on the corrosion attributes of seven different types of ferrous metals. In the methodology of this research the chemical compositions of selected metals, dominant corrosive properties of both crude oils, corrosion rates of similar sized prepared metal coupons after certain immersion time periods in crude oils, qualitatively analysis of the corroded metals surfaces, decay of metallic elements from metals into crude oils and the reductions of the initial hardness of metal coupons after the corrosion were tested by the standard methodologies and instruments also determined some necessary parameters. The obtained results showed the relatively lower corrosion in stainless steels when comparing with other metals, relatively higher impact from the salts on the metallic corrosion than the impact of the organic acids or possible to occur some effects from unknown compound, formations of FeS, Fe2O3, corrosion cracks and cavities, significant decay of ferrous and copper from some metals in to crude oils and the slight reductions of the initial hardness of metal coupons due to the corrosion