Alessandro di Afrodisia sulla differenza specifica. Un argomento “dialettico”

In his commentary on Aristotle, Metaph. B, Alexander of Aphrodisias distinguishes two aspects of specific differentiae: 1. when considered in themselves (e.g., rationality), differentiae are qualities and fall outside substance; 2. when considered as part of the species (e.g., rational insofar it is mentioned in the definition ‘rational animal’), differentiae are ranked under the divided substantial genera (e.g. animal) (Alex. Aphr. In Metaph. 205, 29-206, 1). This article elucidates this passage within the broader framework of Alexander’s doctrine of specific differentiae. Furthermore, it suggests that Alexander’s distinction between rationality and rational underlies an argument concerning differentiae in Plotinus’ treatises On the Genera of Being (VI 3 [44], 5, 23-29)

Guerra e pace nella comunicazione visiva del Tropaeum e della colonna di Traiano/Guerra y paz en la comunicación visual del Tropaeum y de la columna de Trajano

È probabile che Apollodoro di Damasco abbia progettato tutte le architetture celebrative delle vittorie di Traiano sui Daci. In particolare la Colonna commemorativa a Roma, nel cui fregio sono raffigurati il princeps e il suo architetto uno di fronte all’altro e il monumentale Tropaeum ad Adamclisi, rappresentano due aspetti della stessa volontà imperiale di propaganda per immagini. Nei due diversi contesti sociali e territoriali di riferimento a cambiare non furono solo gli schemi figurativi, ma anche lo stile. Una calcolata strategia, adottata per tradurre messaggi visivi di diverso impatto, è stata perpetuata dalle due opere in questione, mostrando come la scelta formale e stilistica fosse consapevolmente associata alla diversità di tono nella comunicazione imperiale.Apolodoro de Damasco probablemente diseñó todas las arquitecturas que celebraban las victorias de Trajano sobre los dacios. En particular la Columna conmemorativa en Roma, en cuyo friso están representados el princeps y su arquitecto uno frente al otro y el monumental Tropaeum ad Adamclisi, representan dos aspectos de la misma voluntad imperial de propaganda por imágenes. En los dos contextos sociales y territoriales de referencia no solo cambiaron los esquemas figurativos, sino también el estilo. Una estrategia calculada, adoptada para traducir mensajes visuales de diferente impacto, ha sido perpetuada por las dos obras en cuestión, mostrando cómo la elección formal y estilística estaba conscientemente asociada con la diversidad de tono en la comunicación imperial

Polar geometry of cubic hypersurfaces and a nonspecial divisor in the moduli space of cubic fourfolds

The study of cubic hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{P}^{n+1}$ is still one of the focal points of Algebraic Geometry. In fact, classically, these have represented the first obstacle in the study of rationality. In particular, the first cubic about which we still cannot say anything in general about the problem of rationality is the cubic fourfold and this is the original reason for choosing the topic of this thesis. Specifically, on the rationality of cubic fourfolds, there is a conjecture due to Kuznetsov locating the rational ones in the union of special divisors of the moduli space of such varieties. It is therefore interesting to study the locus of cubic fourfolds outside of special divisors: in this perspective, the construction and the description of nonspecial divisors with special geometric properties is a quite natural issue. Also, only three nonspecial divisors are known and described in the literature. In this work we construct a divisor in the moduli space of cubic fourfolds, that we call Severi divisor, which we prove to be nonspecial: to do so, we use the classical theory of polar hypersurfaces and the ancient result known as Dixon's lemma, now generalized to stable curves. We then generalize this construction to the moduli space of cubics of any dimension $n$. The powerfulness of these divisors is still unexplored with respect to the study of cubic hypersurfaces: in general and with respect to the rationality problem. It would be interesting to study the intersection locus of the Severi divisor of cubic fourfolds with the special divisors or even repeat a similar construction to obtain other nonspecial divisors. It would be even more interesting to be able to use the very explicit properties of the cubic fourfolds parametrized by the points of this divisor to say something about rationality

Corpi altri nella letteratura per l’infanzia: rappresentazioni di disabilità al femminile

Il corpo, in quanto costruzione sociale e culturale è da sempre oggetto di controllo e di azioni normalizzanti. Il corpo femminile e il corpo disabile, in particolare, subiscono una forte violenza simbolica. Le narrazioni per l’infanzia contribuiscono alla costruzione di tali immagini, ma le opere contemporanee concedono più spazio a corpi “altri” con uno sguardo inedito. Il contributo intende esaminare il fenomeno attraverso il caso di un romanzo per adolescenti che esemplifica il recente cambio di prospettiva.The body, as a social and cultural construction, has always been an object of control and normalising actions. The female body and the disabled body, in particular, suffer a strong symbolic violence. Children's narratives contribute to the construction of such images, but contemporary works give more space to “other” bodies with an unprecedented gaze. The contribution aims to examine this phenomenon through the case of a novel for adolescents that exemplifies the recent change in perspective

Azioni abituali. Razionalità e implicazioni morali

This paper explores the increasing interest in habitual actions within contemporary philosophy, particularly in action theory and moral psychology. Traditional approaches in analytic philosophy have focused on distinguishing intentional actions, based on reasons, from mere events. However, this intellectualist perspective often overlooks habitual actions, which are not fully intentional but also not merely automatic responses. Habitual actions are purposeful, can be justified by reasons (though these may remain unconscious), and are partially subject to conscious control. Recent philosophical approaches – for instance, those related to discussions of moral behavior – emphasize the practical intelligence inherent in habitual actions, challenging conventional models and fostering interdisciplinary connections with cognitive science and social psychology. This renewed interest in habitual actions calls for a reevaluation of traditional paradigms, offering a more dynamic and integrated understanding of human action, where automaticity and conscious control coexist

Fondamenti di diritto internazionale - Fenomenologia del diritto di un mondo di Stati

L'opera si propone di spiegare i fondamenti del diritto internazionale, cos'è e come funziona il diritto internazionale nella realtà delle cose, come esperienza giuridica di un mondo fatto di Stati. Si rivolge non solo a chi per motivi di studio o professionali debba conoscere e saper usare il diritto internazionale nei suoi elementi essenziali, ma a chiunque sia interessato a comprenderlo per davvero, coi suoi limiti, le sue potenzialità, al di là delle teorie e delle ideologie