242 research outputs found

    āļāļēāļĢāļžāļąāļ’āļ™āļēāļŦāļ™āļąāļ‡āļŠāļ·āļ­āļ­āļīāđ€āļĨāđ‡āļāļ—āļĢāļ­āļ™āļīāļāļŠāđŒ (E-book) āļ—āļĩāđˆāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļšāļ™āļ„āļ­āļĄāļžāļīāļ§āđ€āļ•āļ­āļĢāđŒāļžāļāļžāļēāļŦāļ™āđ‰āļēāļˆāļ­āļŠāļąāļĄāļœāļąāļŠāđƒāļ™āļ§āļīāļŠāļēāļ‡āļēāļ™āļŦāļĨāļ­āļĄāļŦāļĨāđˆāļ­āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļš āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļŦāļĨāđˆāļ­āđ‚āļĨāļŦāļ°

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    This research is about the development of Electronics-book (E-book) for portable touch screen computer devices in the topic of metal casting in jewelry casting classes has following objectives: 1. To develop the E-book in the topic of metal casting for using in the subject of jewelry casting; 2. To compare the achievement before and after learning by using E-book in Metal Casting Unit; 3. To study the satisfaction of students to the E-book. The sample group consists of students in the Golden Jubilee Royal Goldsmith College, Affiliated Institute of King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, who attend in the class of jewelry casting in the second semester, academic year 2011, selected by purposive sampling method. The result shows that the achievement of study after attending the course using the E-book is higher than before attending in statistically significant of 0.5. The achievement of study after attending the course using the casting operation method is higher than before attending in statistically significant of 0.5. The achievement of study after attending the course using the E-book and the casting operation method is higher than before attending in statistically significant of 0.5. In addition, the satisfaction of the students to the E-book is in good level ( Mean = 4.15, S.D. = 0.66). Casting electronic book to make teaching more effective

    āļœāļĨāļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļŠāļēāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļĢāļđāđ‰āļāļēāļĢāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ­āļēāļŠāļĩāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩ (āļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļāļĐāļ•āļĢ) āļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ–āļĄāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ›āļĩāļ—āļĩāđˆ 5

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    Effect of Class Materials on Work and Technology Strand (Agriculture-Oriented) for Prathumsuka VKajonsri SricharoenbutāļĢāļąāļšāļšāļ—āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄ: 12 āļāļąāļ™āļĒāļēāļĒāļ™ 2553; āļĒāļ­āļĄāļĢāļąāļšāļ•āļĩāļžāļīāļĄāļžāđŒ: 16 āļžāļĪāļĻāļˆāļīāļāļēāļĒāļ™ 2553DOI: https://doi.org/10.14456/jstel.2010.11 āļšāļ—āļ„āļąāļ”āļĒāđˆāļ­āļ‡āļēāļ™āļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļˆāļļāļ”āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļ‡āļ„āđŒāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­ 1) āļŠāļĢāđ‰āļēāļ‡āđāļĨāļ°āļŦāļēāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļžāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļŠāļēāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļĢāļđāđ‰āļāļēāļĢāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ­āļēāļŠāļĩāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩ (āļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļāļĐāļ•āļĢ) āļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ–āļĄāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ›āļĩāļ—āļĩāđˆ 5 āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļžāļ•āļēāļĄāđ€āļāļ“āļ‘āđŒ 80/80 āđāļĨāļ° 2) āđ€āļ›āļĢāļĩāļĒāļšāđ€āļ—āļĩāļĒāļšāļœāļĨāļŠāļąāļĄāļĪāļ—āļ˜āļīāđŒāļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ™āļąāļāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļāđˆāļ­āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļĢāđ‰āļēāļ‡āļ‚āļķāđ‰āļ™ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ•āļąāļ§āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ™āļąāļāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ–āļĄāļ›āļĩāļ—āļĩāđˆ 5 āđ‚āļĢāļ‡āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ­āļ™āļļāļšāļēāļĨāļŠāļļāļ‚āļŠāļ§āļąāļŠāļ”āļīāđŒ āļˆāļąāļ‡āļŦāļ§āļąāļ”āļŠāļĄāļļāļ—āļĢāļ›āļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢ āļŠāļģāļ™āļąāļāļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļ‚āļ•āļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļŠāļĄāļļāļ—āļĢāļ›āļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢ āđ€āļ‚āļ• 1 āļ āļēāļ„āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 1 āļ›āļĩāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē 2550 āļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™ 41 āļ„āļ™ āļĢāļđāļ›āđāļšāļšāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđāļšāļš One Group Pretest Posttest Design āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĄāļ·āļ­āļ—āļĩāđˆāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļ„āļ·āļ­ āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļŠāļēāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļĢāļđāđ‰āļāļēāļĢāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ­āļēāļŠāļĩāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩ (āļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļāļĐāļ•āļĢ) āļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™ 5 āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āđāļĨāļ°āđāļšāļšāļ—āļ”āļŠāļ­āļšāļœāļĨāļŠāļąāļĄāļĪāļ—āļ˜āļīāđŒ āļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āļĢāļĩāļĒāļšāđ€āļ—āļĩāļĒāļšāļ„āļ°āđāļ™āļ™āļāđˆāļ­āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļŠāļ–āļīāļ•āļīāļ—āļĩ (t-test) āļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļŠāļēāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļĢāļđāđ‰āļāļēāļĢāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ­āļēāļŠāļĩāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩ (āļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļāļĐāļ•āļĢ) āļĄāļĩāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļžāļ•āļēāļĄāđ€āļāļ“āļ‘āđŒ āļ„āļ·āļ­ āļĄāļĩāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļž 83.83/84.47 āđāļĨāļ°āļĄāļĩāļ„āļļāļ“āļ āļēāļžāļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļĄāļīāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļœāļđāđ‰āđ€āļŠāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļŠāļēāļāļ­āļĒāļđāđˆāđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļĄāļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļļāļ” āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĄāļĩāļ„āđˆāļēāđ€āļ‰āļĨāļĩāđˆāļĒāļĢāļ§āļĄ 4.63Âą0.52 āđāļĨāļ°āļ™āļąāļāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļŠāļēāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļĢāļđāđ‰āļāļēāļĢāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ­āļēāļŠāļĩāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩ (āļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļāļĐāļ•āļĢ) āļĄāļĩāļœāļĨāļŠāļąāļĄāļĪāļ—āļ˜āļīāđŒāļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļŠāļđāļ‡āļāļ§āđˆāļēāļāđˆāļ­āļ™āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™ (p < .05) āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āđāļŠāļ”āļ‡āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āļ§āđˆāļē āļ™āļąāļāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļžāļąāļ’āļ™āļēāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĢāļđāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāđƒāļˆāđāļĨāļ°āļ—āļąāļāļĐāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļāļēāļ™āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļ­āļēāļŠāļĩāļžāđƒāļ™āļ­āļ™āļēāļ„āļ•āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ„āļģāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļ: āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļŠāļēāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļĢāļđāđ‰āļāļēāļĢāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ­āļēāļŠāļĩāļžāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩ, āļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļāļĐāļ•āļĢ, āļœāļĨāļŠāļąāļĄāļĪāļ—āļ˜āļīāđŒāļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™, āļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ–āļĄāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ›āļĩāļ—āļĩāđˆ 5, āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™AbstractThis research aimed at 1) constructing and investigating the efficiency and quality of a class material on Work and Technology Strand; Agriculture Oriented for Prathomsuksa V based on a standardized criteria of 80/80, and 2) comparing the pupils’ achievement before and after using the class material.  The samples were 41 Prathomsuksa V pupils of Suksawad Kindergarten School, Samutprakan, under the jurisdiction of Samutprakan Office of Educational Service Area 1, in a first semester, academic year 2007. A one group pretest posttest design was used in the study.  The research tools were 5 sets of class materials on Work and Technology Strand; Agriculture Oriented for Prathomsuksa V and the learning achievement test.  By the comparison between before and after using the class materials with t-test, the efficiency of class materials on Work and Technology Strand (Agriculture-oriented) were as the criterion (83.83/84.47).  The quality of the class materials evaluated by the experts was the highest in a mean of 4.63Âą0.52. The pupils after learning using the class materials of Work and Technology Strand (Agriculture-oriented) had higher learning achievement than those before using them (p < .05). It indicated that pupils had the developments of knowledge and working skills to apply for their further work.Keywords: Work and technology strand, agriculture, achievement, Prathomsuksa V, class materia

    Development of techniques in micro irrigation and fertigation for chili and tomato production in the Northeast

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    āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāļ—āļļāļ™āļ­āļļāļ”āļŦāļ™āļļāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāļˆāļēāļāļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩāļŠāļļāļĢāļ™āļēāļĢ

    āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āđāļĨāļ°āļžāļąāļ’āļ™āļēāļ•āđ‰āļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļœāļąāļāļ”āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļšāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļŠāļĩāļ§āļ āļēāļžāļ—āļĩāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļˆāļēāļāļžāļ·āļŠāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļāļēāļĢāļšāļĢāļīāđ‚āļ āļ„ (STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF PICKLED STARTER FOR PRODUCING OF BIOLOGICALLY FERMENTED PLANT FOR CONSUMPTION)

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    āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļžāļąāļ’āļ™āļēāļ•āđ‰āļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļœāļąāļāļ”āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļšāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļŠāļĩāļ§āļ āļēāļžāļ—āļĩāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļˆāļēāļāļžāļ·āļŠāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļāļēāļĢāļšāļĢāļīāđ‚āļ āļ„āļĄāļĩāļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļ‡āļ„āđŒāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ›āļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļ“āļ•āđ‰āļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļāļĢāļ”āđāļĨāļ„āļ•āļīāļ„āļŠāļđāļ‡āļŠāļļāļ”āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŦāļąāļ§āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ™āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļŠāļĩāļ§āļ āļēāļžāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļāļēāļĢāļšāļĢāļīāđ‚āļ āļ„ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļ™āļģāļœāļąāļāļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļšāđ‰āļēāļ™āļˆāļēāļ 4 āļ āļēāļ„āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ™āļīāļĒāļĄāļšāļĢāļīāđ‚āļ āļ„āļĄāļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļļāļ” āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđāļāđˆ āļœāļąāļāđ€āļŠāļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ™ (āļ āļēāļ„āđ€āļŦāļ™āļ·āļ­) āļœāļąāļāļāļēāļ” (āļ āļēāļ„āļāļĨāļēāļ‡) āļŦāļ™āđˆāļ­āđ€āļŦāļĢāļĩāļĒāļ‡ (āļ āļēāļ„āđƒāļ•āđ‰) āđāļĨāļ°āļœāļąāļāļāļēāļ”āļāļĢāļļāļ‡ (āļ āļēāļ„āļ­āļĩāļŠāļēāļ™) āļ™āļģāļĄāļēāļ”āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ›āļĢāļīāļĄāļēāļ“āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ•āđ‰āļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­ āļœāļąāļāļ”āļ­āļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļāļĢāļ”āđāļĨāļ„āļ•āļīāļ„āļŠāļđāļ‡āļŠāļļāļ”āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļŦāļĄāļąāļāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŦāļąāļ§āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ™āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļŠāļĩāļ§āļ āļēāļžāļˆāļēāļāļĨāļđāļāļĒāļ­āļŠāļ™āļīāļ”āļĨāļ° 4 āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢ (āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ™ 0, 5, 10 āđāļĨāļ° 15%) āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļĨāļ° 3 āļ–āļąāļ‡ āļĢāļ§āļĄāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™ 39 āļ–āļąāļ‡ āđāļĨāļ°āļ—āļģāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļāđ‡āļšāļ•āļąāļ§āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāđ„āļ”āđ‰āđƒāļ™āļ§āļąāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 āđāļĨāļ° 30 āļ§āļąāļ™ āļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āļœāļąāļāđ€āļŠāļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļŦāļ™āđˆāļ­āđ€āļŦāļĢāļĩāļĒāļ‡āđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ‡ 5 āļ§āļąāļ™ āļœāļąāļāļāļēāļ”āđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ‡ 7 āļ§āļąāļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļœāļąāļāļāļēāļ”āļāļĢāļļāļ‡āđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ”āļ­āļ‡ 6 āļ§āļąāļ™ āļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŦāļĄāļēāļ°āļŠāļĄāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ•āđ‰āļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ™āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļ•āđˆāļ­āđ„āļ› āđāļĨāļ°āļ‚āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ•āļ­āļ™āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļŠāļĩāļ§āļ āļēāļž āļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡ 13 āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļ—āļģāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āļĢāļĩāļĒāļšāđ€āļ—āļĩāļĒāļšāļāļąāļšāļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆ 1 āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™ (āđ„āļĄāđˆāđƒāļŠāđˆāļ•āđ‰āļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļŦāļĄāļąāļ) āļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆ 4 āļĄāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģāļœāļąāļāđ€āļŠāļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ™āļ”āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŦāļąāļ§āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 15% āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆ 7 āļĄāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģāļœāļąāļāļāļēāļ”āļ”āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŦāļąāļ§āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 15% āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆ 10 āļĄāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļ™āđˆāļ­āđ€āļŦāļĢāļĩāļĒāļ‡āļ”āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŦāļąāļ§āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 15% āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆ 13 āļĄāļĩāļ™āđ‰āļģāļœāļąāļāļāļēāļ”āļāļĢāļļāļ‡āļ”āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŦāļąāļ§āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĢāļīāđˆāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆ 15% āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļļāļ“āļ āļēāļžāļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŦāļĄāļēāļ°āļŠāļĄāļ•āđˆāļ­āļœāļđāđ‰āļšāļĢāļīāđ‚āļ āļ„āļĄāļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļļāļ” āļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāđ€āļ„āļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđŒāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļŠāļĩāļ§āļ āļēāļžāđ„āļĄāđˆāļžāļšāđāļšāļ„āļ—āļĩāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļāđˆāļ­āđ‚āļĢāļ„ (āđāļšāļ„āļ—āļĩāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāđ‚āļ„āļĨāļīāļŸāļ­āļĢāđŒāļĄ āđāļĨāļ°āđāļšāļ„āļ—āļĩāđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒ E. coli) āļˆāļķāļ‡āļ—āļģāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ›āļĨāļ­āļ”āļ āļąāļĒāļ•āđˆāļ­āļœāļđāđ‰āļšāļĢāļīāđ‚āļ āļ„ āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ—āļ”āļŠāļ­āļšāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļēāļ—āļŠāļąāļĄāļœāļąāļŠ āļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļēāļŠāļđāļ•āļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆ 6 āļœāļđāđ‰āļ—āļ”āļŠāļ­āļšāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ°āđāļ™āļ™āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļžāļķāļ‡āļžāļ­āđƒāļˆāđƒāļ™āļĨāļąāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļāļĨāļīāđˆāļ™ āļĢāļŠāļŦāļ§āļēāļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļ­āļšāđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĢāļ§āļĄāļĄāļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļļāļ” āļˆāļķāļ‡āđ€āļŦāļĄāļēāļ°āļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆāļ°āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļŠāļĩāļ§āļ āļēāļžāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāļšāļĢāļīāđ‚āļ āļ„āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļŠāđˆāļ‡āđ€āļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļžāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ„āļģāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļ: āļ•āđ‰āļ™āđ€āļŠāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļœāļąāļāļ”āļ­āļ‡  āļ™āđ‰āļģāļŦāļĄāļąāļāļŠāļĩāļ§āļ āļēāļž  āļœāļąāļāļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āļšāđ‰āļēāļ™  āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ›āļĨāļ­āļ”āļ āļąāļĒ  āļŠāļļāļ‚āļ āļēāļžStudy and development of pickled starter for producing of biologically fermented plant for consumption. The purpose was to study the amount of inoculum that can produce lactic acid maximum. To start a leavening agent in the production of bio-fermentation for consumption. By the vegetables consumed the most in four regions, four types were Tare (North), Lettuce (central), Bud rieng (South) and Lettuce (Northeast) be preserved for study the amount of inoculum. Pickles that can produce lactic acid is best to compost for use as leavening begins to produce fermented Noni kind of 4 recipes (at inoculum 0, 5, 10 and 15%) 3 tanks each for a total of 39 tanks, fermentation broth samples were collected at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 and 30 days. The study found that Tare and shoots Rieng both take time to pickle 5 days, turnips take on pickled 7 days and lettuce used in pickling 6 days, which it is appropriate to use as a leavening start to use in the next step and bio-fermentation process to produce the 13 recipes by comparison with the first series is a standard formula. (No leavening in fermentation). The study found that the formula 4 with a tare preserved spider weed fermented as leavening begins at 15%, the formula 7 with a pickle mustard fermented as leavening begins at 15%, formula 10 with Bud rieng fermented as leavening begins at 15% and formula 13 with a Lettuce fermented as leavening begins at 15%, the quality fermentation that is suitable for most consumers. The analysis of biological pathogenic bacteria was not found. (Coliform bacteria and E. coli), making it safe for consumers. Sensory testing showed that the formula 6, the test scores in aroma, flavor and overall liking the most. It is ideal to be fermented to consume for health.Keywords: Pickled Starter, Biologically Fermented, Indigenous Crop, Safety and Healt

    Phytoremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons

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    āļĢāļēāļĒāļ‡āļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒ--āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩāļĢāļēāļŠāļĄāļ‡āļ„āļĨāļžāļĢāļ°āļ™āļ„āļĢ, 2554Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the environment is a public health concern as some compositions in petroleum hydrocarbons exert adverse effects on living organisms. Several methods have been used to reduce petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated sites. Among these methods, phytoremediation is an effective and environmental friendly method to decontaminate petroleum hydrocarbons in soils. Plants use three mechanisms to remove petroleum hydrocarbons from the environment, including phytodegradation, phytoaccumulation, and rhizodegradationRajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakho

    Distribution and Phytotoxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic

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    āļĢāļēāļĒāļ‡āļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒ--āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩāļĢāļēāļŠāļĄāļ‡āļ„āļĨāļžāļĢāļ°āļ™āļ„āļĢ, 2554Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a group of important organic pollutants and should be concerned. General sources of PAHs are contamination of petroleum hydrocarbons and incomplete combusion of organic compounds. The recalcitrance of these compounds depends on the arrangment of benzene rings and their molecular weight. Besides, they are carcinogenic and mutagenic to animals, PAHs show several toxicity to plant, such as decreasing shoot and root growth and photosynthetic rate. PAHs are toxic to plant at molecular level, such as increasing oxidation pressure and decreasing gene expression of cell wall-loosening protein expansion. Photooxidized PAHs showed higher toxicity to plant than parent compounds. Plant species and some environmental factors, such as soil pH, affect to PAHs phytotoxicity. Phytotoxiciy of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to crop plant growing in Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarboncontaminated soil is an important environmental concernRajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakho

    A survey of invasive species in the Koh Chang and nearby island, Trat province

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    āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļąāļšāļ—āļļāļ™āļ­āļļāļ”āļŦāļ™āļļāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāļˆāļēāļāļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāđ€āļ—āļ„āđ‚āļ™āđ‚āļĨāļĒāļĩāļŠāļļāļĢāļ™āļĢāļĩ āļ›āļĩāļ‡āļšāļ›āļĢāļ°āļĄāļēāļ“ 255

    āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļ§āļšāļ„āļļāļĄāđāļĄāļĨāļ‡āļ§āļąāļ™āļœāļĨāđ„āļĄāđ‰ (bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)) āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļŠāļĩāļ§āļ§āļīāļ˜āļĩāļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļˆāļēāļāļŠāļ°āđ€āļ”āļē āļ™āđ‰āļ­āļĒāļŦāļ™āđˆāļē āđāļĨāļ°āđāļĄāļ‡āļĨāļąāļāļ„āļē

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    āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ™āļģāļĄāļēāļ›āļĢāļąāļšāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļāļąāļšāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢāđ„āļ—āļĒ The Protection of Traditional Knowledge in Application with Thai Herbs

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    āļšāļ—āļ„āļąāļ”āļĒāđˆāļ­āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻāđ„āļ—āļĒāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ­āļļāļ”āļĄāļŠāļĄāļšāļđāļĢāļ“āđŒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļžāļ·āļŠāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢāļ­āļąāļ™āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ—āļĢāļąāļžāļĒāļēāļāļĢāļ˜āļĢāļĢāļĄāļŠāļēāļ•āļīāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āļĄāļēāļ āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļāļąāļšāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻāđ„āļ—āļĒāļĄāļĩāļ™āđ‚āļĒāļšāļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āđāļ™āļ§āļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļžāļąāļ’āļ™āļēāđ€āļĻāļĢāļĐāļāļāļīāļˆāđāļšāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ„āđ‰āļēāđ€āļŠāļĢāļĩāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŠāļēāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĄāļĩ āļ™āļąāļāļĨāļ‡āļ—āļļāļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļ™āļąāļāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĄāļēāļ āļēāļĒāđƒāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āļĄāļēāļ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļāđ‡āļŦāļēāļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ”āļīāļšāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āļļāđŒāļžāļ·āļŠāļĄāļēāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ”āļīāļšāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļœāļĨāļīāļ•āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļœāļĨāļīāļ•āļ āļąāļ“āļ‘āđŒāļ­āļ­āļāļŠāļđāđˆāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ•āļĨāļēāļ” āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āļ āļēāļ„āļĢāļąāļāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ•āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ™āļąāļāļ–āļķāļ‡āļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļĢāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™ āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļāļēāļĢāļ”āļđāđāļĨāļžāļ·āļŠāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢ āļāļēāļĢāļ‚āļ­āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĄāļēāđƒāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāđƒāļ™āļžāļ·āļŠāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāđƒāļ™āļžāļ·āļŠāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢāļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļŠāļĄāļ”āļļāļĨāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĢāļ°āļšāļšāļ™āļīāđ€āļ§āļĻāđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļ™āļļāļĢāļąāļāļĐāđŒāļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļĒāļąāđˆāļ‡āļĒāļ·āļ™āļ›āļĢāļēāļĻāļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļŠāļ§āļ‡āļŦāļēāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĄāļīāļŠāļ­āļšāļˆāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āļ›āļąāļˆāļˆāļļāļšāļąāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻāđ„āļ—āļĒāļĄāļĩāđāļ™āļ§āļ„āļīāļ”āđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļšāļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āļ§āđˆāļēāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļļāļĄāļŠāļ™ āļ•āļēāļĄāļĢāļąāļāļ˜āļĢāļĢāļĄāļ™āļđāļāđāļŦāđˆāļ‡āļĢāļēāļŠāļ­āļēāļ“āļēāļˆāļąāļāļĢāđ„āļ—āļĒ āļž.āļĻ.2560 āļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļē 62 āļ—āļĩāđˆāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļ„āļ™āđƒāļ™āļŠāļļāļĄāļŠāļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™ āļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆāļ°āļŦāļ§āļ‡āđāļŦāļ™āļĄāļīāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāđāļŠāļ§āļ‡āļŦāļēāļœāļĨāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļĒāļŠāļ™āđŒāđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĄāļīāļŠāļ­āļšāđƒāļ™āļ—āļĢāļąāļžāļĒāļēāļāļĢāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™ āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ āļēāļžāļĢāļ§āļĄāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļ—āļĢāļąāļžāļĒāļēāļāļĢāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™ āđ€āļžāļĢāļēāļ°āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻāđ„āļ—āļĒāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĄāļĩāļāļŽāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļ•āļĢāļ‡ āļˆāļ°āļĄāļĩāđāļ•āđˆāđ€āļžāļĩāļĒāļ‡āļšāļ—āļāļŽāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāđƒāļāļĨāđ‰āđ€āļ„āļĩāļĒāļ‡āđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļˆāļ°āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ™āļģāļĄāļēāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļ‡āļ„āđŒāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰ āđ€āļžāļĩāļĒāļ‡āļšāļēāļ‡āļŠāļēāļ‚āļēāđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™ āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđāļāđˆ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļšāļąāļāļāļąāļ•āļīāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āđŒāļžāļ·āļŠ āļž.āļĻ.2542 āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āđƒāļ™āļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āđŒāļžāļ·āļŠāļžāļ·āđ‰āļ™āđ€āļĄāļ·āļ­āļ‡āļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™ āļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āļļāđŒāļžāļ·āļŠāļ—āļąāđˆāļ§āđ„āļ› āđāļĨāļ°āļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āļļāđŒāļžāļ·āļŠāđƒāļŦāļĄāđˆ āđāļĨāļ°āļ­āļĩāļāļŦāļ™āļķāđˆāļ‡āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļšāļąāļāļāļąāļ•āļī āļ„āļ·āļ­ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļšāļąāļāļāļąāļ•āļīāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāđˆāļ‡āđ€āļŠāļĢāļīāļĄāļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāđāļœāļ™āđ„āļ—āļĒāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāļ—āļēāļ‡āđ€āļĨāļ·āļ­āļ āļž.āļĻ.2542 āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āđƒāļ™āļ•āļģāļĢāļąāļšāļĒāļē āļ•āļģāļĢāļēāļĒāļē āļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢ āđāļĨāļ°āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļĢāļ§āļĄāļ–āļķāļ‡āđāļŦāļĨāđˆāļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļ™āļļāļĢāļąāļāļĐāđŒāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļžāļ—āļĒāđŒāđāļœāļ™āđ„āļ—āļĒ āđāļ•āđˆāđ„āļĄāđˆāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļšāļžāļ·āļŠāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢāđ„āļ—āļĒāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļž āđ€āļ™āļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļˆāļēāļāļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļ‡āļ„āđŒāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđāļ•āļāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļāļąāļ™ āļ”āļąāļ‡āļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļĢāđ‰āļēāļ‡āļāļŽāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāđ€āļ‰āļžāļēāļ°āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ„āļļāđ‰āļĄāļ„āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļšāļžāļ·āļŠāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢāļˆāļķāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļˆāļģāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļĒāļīāđˆāļ‡ āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ›āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ™āļģ āļ āļđāļĄāļīāļ›āļąāļāļāļēāļ—āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ–āļīāđˆāļ™āđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļšāļŠāļĄāļļāļ™āđ„āļžāļĢāđ„āļ›āđƒāļŠāđ‰āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļĄāļīāļŠāļ­āļšāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ—āļĻāļ—āļĩāđˆāļžāļąāļ’āļ™āļēāđāļĨāđ‰āļ§AbstractThailand is one of the countries which is richly endowed with a variety of natural herbal sources and greatly encourages free trade policy to promote its own economic growth. According to these factors, many investors and researchers are extensively interested in coming into Thailand to explore many herbal raw materials for manufacturing and supplying herbal products into the global markets. Consequently, government has realized at its core and provided policy to promote and protect Thai local wisdom by conserving traditional herbs under the legal system to facilitate the unlawful exploitation.From the study, Thailand, although we have the idea to protect of tradition knowledge to concern community rights under the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand B.E. 2560, section 62 of which is the protection of tradition knowledge that can be taken by local people to live in community. The local people have the right to treasure of the tradition knowledge and another people is not allowed to use and exploit Thai herbs without approval from the country of ownership because Thailand has yet no laws that can protect the tradition knowledge but, there are some laws that still can be applied on tradition knowledge to this concern about Thai herbs. It is the Protection of Plant Varieties Act B.E. 2542 and the purpose of this law is to protect some plants as well as local plants, general plants and new plants of creation by the planter only. This Act cannot cover all specific on tradition knowledge of plants. And, Protection and Enhancement of Thai Traditional Medicine Wisdom Act B.E. 2542 has given certain protection in specific in herbs of medicine and conservation of the living of herbs and only protect in Thai traditional medicine wisdom. In addition, the study on legal measures of protection on tradition knowledge can be applied with herbs of foreign countries as United States of America, The Republic of China and India for applying to protection on tradition knowledge concern in Thai herbs
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