Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Predation Risk to Forest Grouse Nests in the Central European Mountain Regions

We evaluated the spatiotemporal patterns of predation risk on black grouse nests using artificial nests that were monitored by camera traps in mountain areas with a small extant (Ore Mts.) and already extinct (Jeseníky Mts.) black grouse population. The overall predation rate of artificial nests was 56% and we found significant differences in survival rate courses over time between both study areas (68% Ore Mts. vs. 41%, Jeseníky Mts.). Within the time required for successful egg incubation (25 days), nest survival probability was 0.32 in the Ore Mts. and 0.59 in Jeseníky Mts. The stone marten (Martes foina) was the primary nest predator in both study areas (39% in total), followed by common raven (Corvus corax, 25%) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes, 22%). The proportion of depredated nests did not differ between habitat types (i.e., open forest interior, clearing, forest edge), but we recorded the effect of interaction of study area and habitat. In Ore Mts., the main nest predator was common raven with seven records (37%). The Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius) was responsible for most predation attempts in Jeseníky Mts. (five records, i.e., 83%), while in the Ore Mts., most predation attempts were done by red fox (six records, i.e., 38%publishedVersio

Cottage in Kralický Sněžník

Tématem diplomové práce je projekt nízkoenergetické chaty, která je umístěna na vrchol Kralického Sněžníku, který leží v blízkosti města Jeseník. Objekt je navržen jako samostatně stojící podsklepený se dvěma nadzemními podlažími a šikmou střechou. Je navržen pro 40 ubytovaných osob. Podzemní část je tvořena ze ztraceného bednění z tepelné izolace, které je vyplněno betonovou směsí. Nadzemní část je navržena jako dřevostavba z trámu vyplněné tepelnou izolací. Vnitřní opláštění je ze sádrokartonových desek. Venkovní opláštění je dále zatepleno kontaktním zateplovacím systémem. Hlavní vstup do objektu je z jižní strany, ze kterého se dále dostaneme do vstupní haly s recepcí. V prvním patře je navržena restaurace a dále zde najdeme pokoj pro lidi s omezenou schopností pohybu a WC pro veřejnost v severovýchodním rohu. Druhé patro je propojeno s přízemím přes schodiště, které vychází ze vstupní haly. V druhém nadzemním podlaží se nachází sedm pokojů a čtyři koupelny se záchody. Dva pokoje mají vlastní koupelnu a WC. Všechny pokoje jsou přístupné z chodby. Pět pokojů je orientováno na jižní stranu a dva jsou orientovány na severní stranu. Ve sklepě se nachází technická místnost, kotelna, prádelna, dílna a sklady.The master’s thesis topic is a project of a low-energy cottage. The cottage is situated in Kralický Sněžník near Jeseník and it is designed for forty customers. The house is designed as a detached house with two floors and with one basement and with a gable roof. A substructure is from a system blockpanel of a concrete and a heat insulations. The structural system of a superstructure is designed from a timber frame and a heat insulations. The indoor shell is formed from a plasterboard. The house shell is covered by heat insulations. The main entrance is located to the south. It leads to a hall with a reception. On the ground floor we can find a restaurant which is situated in the left part of the cottage. On the ground floor we can also find a room for disabled people and in the north-eastern corner are situated WC for people. The first floor is reachable via stairs from the entry hall. Upstairs there are seven rooms and four bathrooms with toilets. Two rooms of them have a ensuite bathroom. All of the rooms are enterable from the hall. Five of them have a window to the south side and other two rooms have a window to the north side. In the basement there is an utility room a boiler room a laundry a workshop and stocks.

Tourism

Import 01/09/2009Cílem mé bakalářské práce bylo identifikovat atraktivity v oblasti poznávacího cestovního ruchu v Moravskoslezském kraji. Na základě dostupné literatury a aktualizovaných internetových stránek jsem v teoretické části tyto zajímavosti specifikovala. Použitím SWOT analýzy jsem zjistila silné stránky, slabé stránky, příležitosti a hrozby Moravskoslezského kraje. Z tohoto jsem vyvodila prioritní osy zabývající se Infrastrukturou, Lidskými zdroji, Atraktivitami a Marketingem. Na základě zjištěných poznatků jsem podala návrhy a doporučení na zlepšení situace cestovního ruchu v Moravskoslezském kraji. Bakalářská práce svůj cíl splnila.The aim of my bachelor work was identifiet tourist attractions in section knowing tourism in Moravskoslezský county. In the terms of availability of literature and update web pages I was specifik these tourism attractions. I was used SWOT analyse. In analyse I was determined strenghts, Weaknesses, opportunities. From SWOT analyse I was deduct four preference lines – infrastrukture,, Human ressources, Tourist Attractions and Marketing. From liquidated pieces of knowiedge. I was shelve a bill.and references for andvance situacion of travel movement.in country. The aim of bacholor was fullfilled the aim.Prezenční115 - Katedra managementuvýborn

Spectral properties of Antarctic and Alpine vegetation monitored by multispectral camera: Case studies from James Ross Island and Jeseníky Mts.

In this study, we investigated the utility of spectral remote sensing data gathered by a multispectral camera for estimating of vegetation cover in Antarctic vegetation oasis and Arcto-Alpine tundra. The surveys exploiting unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and multispectral camera were done in an Antarctic vegetation oasis located at the Northern shore of James Ross Island (Antarctica), and arcto-alpine tundra located in the Jeseníky Mts. (NE Czech Republic, 1 420 m a.s.l.). For the two locations, false colour images of spectral indices (VARI, NGRDI, GLI, RGVI, ExG, NDVI, PRI) were taken and analysis of vegetation types and components of vegetation cover done. Additionally, field research was performed by handheld instruments measuring NDVI, PRI and of selected vegetation components: Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Nostoc commune colonies (Antarctica), lichens grown on flat stones and boulders (the Jeseníky Mts.). The results show UAV photo surveys and imaging of spectral reflectance indices can be used to monitor vegetation types forming Antarctic vegetation oases and arcto-alpine tundra

Proportions - disposition relationship analysis of a historical truss in a rural house in Vápenná Village, Czech Republic

We have analysed historical trusses based on previous building-historical researches, particularly focusing on sacral buildings, in chosen regions of Slovakia, with one of the primary goals to examine geometric concepts and proportional relationships used for their construction. The knowledge of proportional principles and relationships used in various historical sacral trusses, additionally supported by contemporary literature, was applied to a village house truss from 1774 in Vapenna, Jeseniky district of the Czech Republic.Web of Science12211511

A systematic conservation strategy for crop wild relatives in the Czech Republic

Aim: To create a crop wild relative (CWR) conservation strategy for the Czech Republic: the first national CWR conservation strategy for Central and Eastern Europe. Location: Czech Republic. Methods: We generated a CWR checklist for the Czech Republic and then prioritized taxa, using widely adopted criteria modified with input from local experts, to create a national CWR inventory. For 204 priority CWR species, we collated 206,760 presence records. We carried out spatial analyses to identify patterns in species richness, gaps in existing conservation actions, complementary conservation networks and collecting strategies to increase representativeness of gene bank accessions. We considered both specific and genetic conservation, using geographic and ecogeographic proxies for the latter. Results: Passive in situ conservation of CWR in the Czech Republic is comprehensive at present, with all but one priority CWR species being contained in protected areas. Active in situ CWR conservation could be focussed within 11 ca. 10-km-by-10-km grid cells containing 94% of priority species, or their overlapping protected areas. To augment the genetic coverage of the in situ conservation network, active CWR conservation is encouraged within 11 supplementary areas. Meanwhile, there are huge gaps in ex situ collections, with no known conserved material for 134 of the 204 priority species. Furthermore, existing accessions are generally unrepresentative of genetic diversity. Main conclusions: In the Czech Republic, active in situ conservation of priority CWR should be instigated within the 22 recommended grid cell areas or their 14 overlapping protected areas. For ex situ conservation, strategic and targeted collection of germplasm would markedly increase the value of gene bank collections. Diversity of priority Czech CWR is concentrated in South Moravia, making this a particularly important CWR area for the country and for Europe

Population dynamics of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) in Central European forest clearings

The population dynamics of shrews (Soricidae) are not well known even though they form an important part of forest ecosystems and represent suitable bioindicators of ecosystem quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the population dynamics of shrews in mountain and upland forest clearings in four study areas within the Czech Republic and to reveal how climatic factors influenced fluctuations in their abundance for a decade (2007-2017). In total, we trapped 7,538 individuals of 18 small mammal species. From 760 individuals of seven shrew species, the common shrew (Sorex araneus) was significantly dominated in all study areas. We did not observe any significant, regular multi-annual cycles of the common shrew. However, a cross-correlation in density fluctuation of this species was detected in all mountain areas indicating the influence of environmental factors acting on a larger geographical scale. The autumn abundance of shrews was dependent on the subset of climatic variables, together explaining 56% of the variance in the linear regression model. Except for the length of the snow cover of GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO 5 cm, all other significant variables were associated with North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Longer duration of snow cover during the winter before trapping, higher average NAO value during months before trapping, and NAO value in September influenced negatively the autumn abundance of shrews, contrary, higher value of NAO in May and October increased the abundance. Our results demonstrate the sensitivity of shrews to winters with a longer period of snow cover and to climatic oscillations associated with the NAO, whose effect is monthly dependent and probably indirectly influencing shrews through their prey.OA-hybri

Comparative research of photosynthetic processes in selected poikilohydric organisms from Mediterranean and Central-European alpine habitats

Dehydration-induced decrease in photosynthetic activity was investigated in five poikilohydric autotrophs using chlorophyll fluorescence parameters recorded during controlled desiccation. For the study, two representatives of mosses from alpine zone (Rhizomnium punctatum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus) of the Jeseníky Mts. (Czech Republic) were used. Other two experimental species were mediterranean habitats liverwort (Pellia endiviifolia) and moss (Palustriella commutata), collected from under Woodwardia radicans canopy in the Nature Reserve Valle delle Ferriere (Italy). The last species was a liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha) collected from lowland site (Brno, Moravia, Czech Republic). We investigated the relationship between relative water content (RWC) and several chlorophyll fluorescence parameters evaluating primary photochemical processes of photosynthesis, such as effective quantum yield of photosynthetic processes in photosystem II (ΦPSII), and non-photochemical quenching (qN). With desiccation from fully wet (RWC = 100%) to dry state (RWC = 0%), ΦPSII exhibited a rapid (R. punctatum) and slow decline of ΦPSII (R. squarrosus, P. endiviifolia, M. polymorpha, and P. commutata). Shapes of dehydration-response curves were species-specific. RWC0.5, i.e. the RWC at which the sample showed half of maximum ΦPSII, reflected the species-specificity. It reached 65% in desiccation sensitive (R. punctatum), 53% and 43% in semi-tolerant (P. commutata and R. squarrosus), 24% and 18% in desiccation-tolerant species (P. endiviifolia and M. polymorpha). In all experimental species, non-photochemical quenching (qN) of absorbed light energy showed high values at RWC = 100% and a slight increase with desiccation. Steady state chlorophyll fluorescence (FS) remained high during desiccation and was not correlated with ΦPSII.