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research
Towards precise ages and masses of free floating planetary mass brown dwarfs
Authors
Allard
Allen
+93 more
Allers
Antonova
Bailer-Jones
Baraffe
Baraffe
Barrado y Navascués
Barrado y Navascués
Bihain
Briceño
Burrows
Burrows
Béjar
Béjar
Caballero
Chabrier
Close
Cushing
D'Antona
D. J. Pinfield
Elmegreen
Faherty
Geballe
Geißler
Gizis
Gorlova
Guieu
Guieu
Guthrie
Gómez Maqueo Chew
Hawley
Hillenbrand
Irwin
J. I. Canty
Jayawardhana
Jayawardhana
Jeffries
Joergens
Kenyon
Kenyon
Kenyon
Kirkpatrick
Leggett
Leggett
Lodieu
Looper
Lucas
Lucas
Lucas
Luhman
Luhman
Luhman
Luhman
Luhman
Luhman
Luhman
Lyubchik
Marley
Martin
McGovern
McGregor
Mohanty
Mohanty
Muench
Muzerolle
Natta
Neuhäuser
P. F. Roche
P. W. Lucas
Palla
Patience
Pecaut
Pinfield
Pinfield
Prosser
Rayner
Reid
Reiners
Riddick
Santos
Saumon
Schmidt
Scholz
Scholz
Scholz
Shu
Stassun
Steele
Sterzik
Stoeckley
Terebey
Tokunaga
Weights
Zapatero Osorio
Publication date
1 January 2013
Publisher
'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
Doi
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on
arXiv
Abstract
© 2013 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical SocietyMeasurement of the substellar initial mass function (IMF) in very young clusters is hampered by the possibility of the age spread of clustermembers. This is particularly serious for candidate planetary mass objects (PMOs), which have a very similar location to older and more massive brown dwarfs on the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD). This degeneracy can be lifted by the measurement of gravity-sensitive spectral features. To this end we have obtained mediumresolution (R ~ 5000) Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrometer (NIFS) K-band spectra of a sample of late M-/early L-type dwarfs. The sample comprises old field dwarfs and very young brown dwarfs in the Taurus association and in the σ Orionis cluster. We demonstrate a positive correlation between the strengths of the 2.21 μm Na I doublet and the objects' ages. We demonstrate a further correlation between these objects' ages and the shape of their K-band spectra. We have quantified this correlation in the form of a new index, the H2(K) index. This index appears to be more gravity-sensitive than the Na I doublet and has the advantage that it can be computed for spectra where gravity-sensitive spectral lines are unresolved, while it is also more sensitive to surface gravity at very young ages (<10 Myr) than the triangular H-band peak. Both correlations differentiate young objects from field dwarfs, while the H2(K) index can distinguish, at least statistically, populations of ~1Myr objects from populations of ~10 Myr objects. We applied the H2(K) index to NIFS data for one Orion nebula cluster (ONC) PMO and to previously published low-resolution spectra for several other ONC PMOs where the 2.21 μm Na I doublet was unresolved and concluded that the average age of the PMOs is ~1Myr.Peer reviewe
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