The considerations provided herein focus on intellectual capital as a concept that is gaining
increasing significance in the functioning of business and public entities in the era of the
knowledge-based economy. This paper aims to identify differences in the meaning and
measurement of intellectual capital in the private and public sectors. In the light of the growing
interest, triggered by marketisation, in the implementation of business solutions in the public sector,
this paper provides the characteristics and comparative analysis, including differences in the use, of
intellectual capital in both sectors. Regarding the public sector, the paper also points out potential
advantages that reveal themselves, in particular, in relation to a change in the existing public
administration officer and authority models that is based on the practice of business orientation
towards the needs of a client in the process of providing public services
