Serum hypoadiponectinemia and hyperrestinemia independently links insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS). Thus, the aim of this study was propose a novel adiponectin-resistin (AR) index by unifying the effect of adiponectin and resistin. Then, a novel insulin resistance (IR~AR~) index was proposed by taking into account the AR index. Serum adiponectin and resistin levels as well as other insulin resistance, T2DM and MS risk factors were tested. Experimental results showed the AR index was more stronger correlated with insulin resistance risk factors and had stronger association (df=5; F=51.154; P<0.001) with T2DM and MS susceptibility rather than the serum adiponectin (df=5; F=15.680; P<0.001) and resistin (df=5; F=40.648; P<0.001) levels alone. Therefore, the AR index looks very strongly links insulin resistance to T2DM and MS. Meanwhile, the IR~AR~ index (df=5; F=78.396; P<0.001) is a potent useful index of insulin sensitivity in subjects with T2DM and MS
