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Protein phosphatase 2A plays a crucial role in Giardia lamblia differentiation
Authors
Abel
Adams
+59 more
Anderson
Andrew G. McArthur
Ascención Torres-Escobar
Awotunde
Barbara J. Davids
Bingham
Boucher
Chen
Correa
Daniel Palm
Davids
De Baere
Denu
Diamond
Ellis
Elmendorf
Erondu
Feely
Floer
Frances D. Gillin
Gentry
Gibson
Gonzalez
Hancock
Hetsko
Hiraga
Janssens
Keister
Knodler
Kramer
Langford
Lechward
Li
Livak
Lu
Marti
Meng
Michael J. Cipriano
Palm
Palm
Reiner
Reiner
Ruediger
Sarah P. Preheim
Shanda R. Birkeland
Slavin
Smith
Sontag
Sontag
Staffan G. Svärd
Stefanic
Stibbs
Tineke Lauwaet
Turowski
Velculescu
Weiland
Westphal
Yang
Zolnierowicz
Publication date
6 December 2006
Publisher
'Elsevier BV'
Doi
Cite
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on
PubMed
Abstract
Author Posting. © The Authors, 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 152 (2007): 80-89, doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.12.001.The ability of Giardia lamblia to undergo two distinct differentiations in response to physiologic stimuli is central to its pathogenesis. The giardial cytoskeleton changes drastically during encystation and excystation. However, the signal transduction pathways mediating these transformations are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that PP2A, a highly conserved serine/threonine protein phosphatase, might be important in giardial differentiation. We found that in vegetatively growing trophozoites, gPP2A-C protein localizes to basal bodies/centrosomes, and to cytoskeletal structures unique to Giardia: the ventral disk, and the dense rods of the anterior, posterior-lateral, and caudal flagella. During encystation, gPP2A-C protein disappears from only the anterior flagellar dense rods. During excystation, gPP2A-C localizes to the cyst wall in excysting cysts but is not found in the wall of cysts with emerging excyzoites. Transcriptome and immunoblot analyses indicated that gPP2A-C mRNA and protein are upregulated in mature cysts and during the early stage of excystation that models passage through the host stomach. Stable expression of gPP2A-C antisense RNA did not affect vegetative growth, but strongly inhibited the formation of encystation secretory vesicles (ESV) and water-resistant cysts. Moreover, the few cysts that formed were highly defective in excystation. Thus, gPP2A-C localizes to universal cytoskeletal structures and to structures unique to Giardia. It is also important for encystation and excystation, crucial giardial transformations that entail entry into and exit from dormancy.This work was funded by NIH grants GM61896, AI51687, AI42488, and DK35108. Dr. A.G. McArthur was supported by NIH grant AI51089 and the Marine Biological Laboratory’s Program in Global Infectious Diseases, funded by the Ellison Medical Foundation
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