105 research outputs found

    The preparation and detection of N-carboxymethyl chitosan coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles loaded with iodine for MR/CT dual-imaging

    Get PDF
    电子计算机体层成像技术(ComputedTomography,CT)是一种非常重要的非侵袭性的医学诊断技术,目前广泛应用于临床诊断过程中。其对于胃肠道、肝脏、心血管和骨的成像以及对于肿瘤成像效果较好,对比非常明显。但这种成像技术也存在一些缺点,如CT对脑部组织和软组织(如肌肉、肌腱等)及软骨等组织的分辨率较低,不利于诊断这些部位的疾病。而另一种成像技术,磁共振成像(MagneticResonanceImaging,MRI)同样是目前广泛应用的非侵袭性的医学诊断技术。在MRI成像中,获得的软组织成像分辨率高,利于诊断,但MRI的设备昂贵,检查费用较高,常规扫描时间较长,这些缺点极大地限制了其发展...Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive medical diagnostic technology, which is widely used in diagnostic process. It shows clearer imaging about the gastrointestinal, liver, cardiovascular, bone and tumor. But this technology also has some disadvangtages such as low resolution on brain tissue,soft tissue (muscles, tendons),the cartilage and other tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is als...学位:医学硕士院系专业:医学院_外科学学号:2452014115352

    Methods and Applications for the Modulation of Surface Plasmon-Coupled Emission Signal

    Get PDF
    表面等离子体耦合荧光(Surfaceplasmon-coupledemission,SPCE)是一种利用纳米金属薄膜表面的自由电子与其近场范围内的荧光分子相互作用而产生信号的特殊的纳米光学现象,因其具有定向发射、高度偏振、波长分辨、距离依赖和背景抑制等独特性质而受到了广大分析研究工作者的广泛关注。SPCE发射信号具有强定向性,使得信号的收集效率大大提高,且可在信号产生过程中获得等离子体电磁场增强,荧光增强极为显著。近年来,随着对检测要求的逐渐提高,进一步增强SPCE信号,提高体系检测灵敏度显得尤为重要。本论文旨在对SPCE信号的调控方法进行研究,开发基于SPCE现象的信号增强方法,并将其用于生...Surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) is a special nano-optical phenomenon which is induced by the near-field interaction between the surface plasmons in metallic nano-film and excited fluorophores. SPCE has drawn much attention due to its unique characteristics, including directional emission, high polarization, spectral resolution, distance dependence and background suppression. In SPCE, the f...学位:理学博士院系专业:化学化工学院_分析化学学号:2052013015382

    Preparation of the magnetite nanoparticles and application to the extraction of biological samples

    Get PDF
    本论文围绕着生物样品的磁性固相吸附分离纯化技术展开了研究。研究工作包括两个部分:超顺磁性纳米颗粒的制备及在DNA样品分离纯化中的应用,超顺磁性纳米颗粒的表面修饰及在RNA和蛋白质分离纯化中的应用。第一部分,利用化学合成的方法制备出具有超顺磁性的纳米颗粒,并用二氧化硅和三氧化二硼复合包裹磁性纳米颗粒,很大程度上改进了包裹层的物理化学稳定性,克服现有的单纯以二氧化硅为包裹材料的磁性纳米颗粒在偏酸性环境易泄漏的问题。通过对多种样品DNA分离纯化,并和经典的酚/氯仿/异戊醇传统提取纯化方法比较,证实了复合包裹的磁性纳米颗粒分离纯化DNA样品具有良好的效果,通过一系列的后续实验证明了提取的DNA样品能够...The dissertation is related to the field of application of magnetisable solid-phase supports (MSPS) to the purification of biological samples. It consists of two parts. The first part is preparation of magnetite and silica/boron-magnetite nanoparticles and their application to DNA extraction. The second part is surface modification of silica/boron- magnetite nanoparticles and application to isolat...学位:理学硕士院系专业:生命科学学院生物医学科学系_细胞生物学学号:20032606

    Cytotoxic effects and the mechanism of three types of magnetic nanoparticles on human hepatoma BEL-7402 cells

    Get PDF
    纳米科技的高速发展使得纳米材料被越来越多的应用在各个领域。磁性纳米颗粒因其独特的性质,在生物医学、工业、农业、军事等领域的应用受到人们广泛的关注。随着接触机会的增多,其对人体的潜在危害引起各方面的格外关注。 本研究以人肝癌细胞BEL-7402细胞为模型,分别研究了Fe3O4,OA-Fe3O4和C-Fe三种磁性纳米材料的细胞毒性及其产生的机理,并对诱导的细胞凋亡通路进行了研究。主要结果如下: 1.利用透射电镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、傅里叶红外光谱、Zeta粒径分析对本试验选取的磁性纳米颗粒进行表征分析,结果表明:三种颗粒粒径均为10nm且粒径分布均一;杂质含量少,纯度较高,达99.8...As nanotechnology and materials science has progressed incredibly swiftly, nanomaterials have been widely applied in many fields. Due to their multifunctional properties, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are explored for various applications such as biomedicine, industry, agriculture, military。Along with the expanding applications of MNPs, the potential toxic effects of MNPs have been widely concerne...学位:理学博士院系专业:材料学院材料科学与工程系_高分子化学与物理学号:2072006015328

    The Application of Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles

    Get PDF
    磁性纳米颗粒由于其自身较大的比表面积、相对较高的饱和磁矩以及表面易功能化等特点,被广泛应用于蛋白质或酶的固定,药物的靶向运输,细胞分离,医学成像等方面。 本论文研究围绕将磁性二氧化硅纳米颗粒,模拟酶以及具有离子识别能力的受体相结合,建立新的分析方法,应用于实际样品的检测。论文共分五章。 第一章为绪论,介绍了不断发展的纳米生物材料,着重介绍了二氧化硅和磁性纳米颗粒的合成及应用,并详细介绍了复合式磁性纳米颗粒在生物学和催化领域中的应用。在此基础上提出了本论文选题依据,研究目标和研究内容。 第二章主要研究了氯化血红素磁性纳米颗粒的制备及其在过氧化氢测定中的应用。本章中首次将四氧化三铁二氧化硅纳...Due to the high surface-to-volume ratio, relatively great saturation magnetization values and easily surface functionalization of the magnetic nanoparticle, it has been widely used in the immobilization of proteins and enzymes, drug delivery and targeting, cell separation, bioimaging and so on. This dissertation mainly focused on the design of novel analytic methods, which combining the magnetic ...学位:理学硕士院系专业:化学化工学院化学系_无机化学学号:1912005130179

    Synthesis and catalytic performance of magnetic nanoparticles for hydrogen generation from ammonia borane

    Get PDF
    随着化石燃料的巨大消耗和环境的严重污染,氢气作为高效的清洁能源成为世界各国关注的焦点,储氢材料也不可避免地成为各国研究机构大力开发的对象。氨硼烷(NH3BH3,AB)因为其高质量储氢密度、良好水溶性、无毒性被认为是最有应用前景的固体储氢材料之一,在合适的催化剂条件下,氨硼烷可以通过水解在室温甚至零度条件下完全释氢。近年来,磁性催化剂因易于回收、可循环利用等优点引起研究者的关注。本研究以合成用于AB水解释氢的兼具高活性和较低成本的磁性催化剂为目标,利用原位还原法分别制备出双金属和三金属磁性纳米催化剂,在借助于各种实验技术手段对纳米颗粒和催化剂充分表征的基础上,探索催化剂结构、表面性质和催化性能以...With the large consumption of fossil fuels and environment pollution, hydrogen as an efficient clean energy gradually become the focus of world attention, hydrogen storage materials are also inevitable become the object of widely research. Ammonia borane (NH3BH3, AB) is considered as one of the most promising solid hydrogen storage materials because of high quality hydrogen storage density, good w...学位:工学硕士院系专业:化学化工学院_化学工程学号:2062014115146

    Design and Synthesis of Multifunctional Nanocomposites for Cancer Therapy and Bioseparation

    Get PDF
    近年来,纳米材料的生物应用研究受到越来越广泛的关注,纳米材料在疾病检测与诊断、治疗和生物分离等方面都展示出了独特的优越性与发展潜力。针对纳米材料的肿瘤治疗和生物分离应用,本论文重点发展实现相关纳米材料多功能耦合的化学途径,以优化其性能,主要开展的工作包括:(1)设计、合成钯纳米片/介孔二氧化硅纳米复合载药体系,并应用于肿瘤细胞的近红外光热疗-化学联合治疗;(2)高分子包裹的磁性纳米颗粒的合成研究及在蛋白质分离纯化中的应用。展开具体的研究内容与研究成果包括以下六个部分: 第一章:从构建纳米材料的结构角度出发,简要总结了多功能纳米复合材料在抗癌联合治疗和蛋白质的分离纯化领域中的应用进展状况,并...Recently, the bioapplications of nanomaterials have attached more and more attention. Especilly in disease diagnosis, disease therapy and bioseparation, nanomaterials exhibit unique superiority and high development potential. Aiming at nanomaterials in the application of the area of anticancer therapy and purification of proteins, this thesis sheds light on developing coupling chemical methods to ...学位:理学博士院系专业:化学化工学院化学系_纳米材料化学学号:2052009015330

    Design of Novel Smart Nanomedicines for Liver Cancer Therapy

    Get PDF
    肝癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率高,预后差。长期以来肝癌的有效治疗一直是医学领域试图攻克的难题,纳米技术的出现为其带来了新的希望。无机纳米载体具有稳定、单分散性好、比表面积大、易于修饰等多种特性,使其在药物输送领域具有广阔的应用前景。 本报告的第一部分构建了一种具有酸响应和磁导向双功能的纳米药物Fe3O4-DOX。以磁性纳米材料为基础构建的多功能纳米材料,在肝癌诊断与治疗应用中具有独特优势。将Fe3O4通过对酸敏感的亚胺键连接抗癌药物阿霉素(DOX)合成具有强超顺磁性的纳米药物:Fe3O4-DOX(~14nm)。该纳米药物在正常生理环境中释放DOX少于10%,而在酸性环境下10h释放D...Liver cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant cancers in China with high incidence rate and poor prognosis. The effective treatment of liver cancer is still a serious problem in medical fields. The emergence of nanotechnology has brought new hope for liver cancer therapy. Inorganic nanoparticles, with a variety of features such as good stability, monodispersity, large specific surface area, ...学位:博士后院系专业:化学化工学院_应用化学学号:201017004

    Synthesis,Characterization,and Properties of Functional Carbon Coated Magnetic Nanocomposites

    Get PDF
    磁性纳米材料由于具有较大的比表面积、相对较高的饱和磁矩以及表面易功能化等特点,被广泛应用于蛋白质或酶的固定、药物的靶向传递、细胞分离以及医学成像等方面。但纳米颗粒的表面疏水性质及大的体表比,易在生物体内团聚,对其表面进行改性以增强亲水性是解决团聚的一种重要手段。 由于纳米碳材料具有很好的生物相容性,因此,近年来碳包覆纳米材料越来越引起关注。本课题组前期开展了表面氨基功能化碳包覆Fe3O4微米管,改善了磁性纳米材料的理化性质。但微米尺度限制了该材料的应用范围,针对该不足,本文设计了新的碳源反应物,通过优化条件,合成了新型表面羧基功能化的碳包覆Fe3O4单分散纳米材料,并利用SEM、TEM、XR...Due to the high surface-to-volume ratio, relatively great saturation magnetization values and easily surface functionalization of the magnetic nanoparticle, it has been widely used in the immobilization of proteins and enzymes, drug delivery andtargeting, cell separation, bioimaging and so on.Surface modify are often employed to passivate the surface of the nanoparticles during or after the synthe...学位:理学硕士院系专业:材料学院生物材料系_材料学学号:2452006115267

    Preparation and Characterization of Gelatin-Siloxane Nanoparticles as Gene Delivery System

    Get PDF
    基因治疗的主要目的是研制安全有效的基因转染载体。在基因转染载体中,非病毒载体以其低毒性、低免疫原性、低致瘤性及易于制备等优点具有良好的应用前景。本文以新型有机-无机杂化材料——明胶-硅氧烷纳米颗粒作为基础,探讨了此种材料的合成机制,将其应用于基因治疗,并以活性多肽修饰表面增强功能性。取得的主要成果有:1.以明胶、GPSM和氨水作为反应物,或以明胶、GPSM和APTMS作为反应物,通过溶胶-凝胶法,制得两种阳离子明胶-硅氧烷颗粒。探讨了两种纳米颗粒的合成机制,探索了一种全新材料的合成和表征方法。2.利用明胶-硅氧烷纳米颗粒与质粒DNA的相互作用,系统地研究了明胶-硅氧烷纳米颗作为基因载体的理化性...The main objective in gene therapy is the development of efficient, non-toxic gene carriers. Non-viral vectors provide opportunities for improved lower toxicity, non-pathogenic and more facile manufacturing. In this work, the new hybrid nanoparticles with organic-inorganic contents of gelatin and siloxane were successfully synthesized. We described the synthesis of gelatin-siloxane nanoparticles a...学位:工学硕士院系专业:材料学院生物材料系_生物医学工程学号:2402005130255
    corecore