Gradient distributions of nitrogen and organic carbon in the soils from inland to tidal flat in the Yellow River Delta

黄河三角洲是我国典型的通过黄河冲积泥沙填海造陆形成的近代沉积区。区域受到黄河冲积、沉积等自然过程和农业耕种熟化等人类活动的双重影响。本研究通过在黄河三角洲地区内陆到河口海湾不同距离采集典型土壤类型剖面发生层样品，探讨土壤有机碳、总氮等生源要素的空间分布规律，为阐明我国典型海岸带地区陆源碳、氮的输送及循环特征提供基础依据。研究结果表明，黄河三角洲内陆与河口地区呈现出完全不同的土壤碳、氮分布规律。表层土壤碳、氮含量在黄河沿岸及三角洲南部均表现出由陆向海逐级递减的空间分布特征，而在黄河刁口流路和清水沟流路沿行水方向有梯度升高的趋势。内陆地区土壤碳、氮与盐分呈一定的负相关关系，表明土壤碳、氮主要受到耕作熟化过程的影响；而在河口地区两者呈显著的正相关关系(p&lt;0.01)，表明靠近海湾地区土壤碳、氮积累可能受到细颗粒泥沙沉积和滩涂湿地厌氧等环境影响。表层土壤碳、氮比变幅在3.6~8.6之间，说明该地区土壤有机质分解较快，不利于有机碳的积累。土壤剖面中，一些特殊发生层如红色夹黏层、黑色泥炭层对土壤碳、氮的富集具有明显的作用，其中红色夹黏层的土壤碳、氮含量接近耕层土壤。总之，黄河三角洲土壤在耕作垦殖、泥沙沉积等综合作用下形成的空间分布格局以及剖面特征发生层是影响碳、氮封存、释放和增汇等循环过程的关键驱动因素。</p

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长6 储层矿物含量与孔隙度的线性关系

矿物含量是影响储层物性的重要因素之一。为了较全面地分析不同类型矿物含量对储层孔隙度的影响，以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长6 砂岩储层为例，探索性地运用多元逐步线性回归法分析了石英含量（x1）、长石含量（x2）、岩屑含量（x3）、绿泥石含量（x4）、伊利石含量（x5）、高岭石含量（x6）、硅质含量（x7）以及铁方解石含量（x8）与孔隙度（y）的关系，建立了矿物含量（xi）与孔隙度（y）之间的回归模型：y = 21.131-0.086 x2-0.113 x3-0.554 x4-0.370 x5-0.199 x6-0.659 x7-0.465 x8。结果表明：绿泥石、伊利石、硅质含量及铁方解石含量对长6 储层孔隙度的影响较大，而长石、岩屑、高岭石含量对孔隙度影响较小，石英含量对孔隙度几乎没有影响。对多元回归模型的检验发现，实测孔隙度与模型孔隙度之间具有较好的拟合度，多元逐步回归分析法在多因素影响储层物性问题研究中具有一定的优越性，相比单因素分析法更能揭示出影响储层物性的本质

阿爾泰哈巴河群的沉積時代及其構造背景

Habahe Group mainly consists of elastic sediments, which widely distribute in the Chinese Altai and can provide important constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). However, there are different opinions about its deposition time and tectonic background. Previous studies suggested that the Habahe Group formed in Sinian to Mid-Ordovician or Mid- to Late Ordovician in a passive continental margin. On the other hand, recent geological investigations reveal a long lasting subduction-related setting in the Chinese Altai at least since Cambrian. The current geochronological study for detrital zircons from the Habahe Group reveals that the detrital zircons of individual samples, irrespective of their lithological and metamorphic differences, all show similar age patterns, with the early Paleozoic ( 206Pb/ 238U age = 463 ± 542Ma) grains predominating. The youngest detrital zircons from different samples display similar ages (ca. 470Ma), which may reflect the maximum deposition time of the Habahe Group. Dating of growth rim of detrital zircons from migmatite yielded a Mid-Devonian age (384 ± 6Ma), which was coeval with intrusion of Early to Mid-Devonian granitic plutons in the area and clearly indicates the minimum deposition time of the Hababe Group. Therefore, the deposition time of the Habahe Group can be constrained to be Mid-Ordovician to Early Devonian. Zircon U Pb dating results indicate that the detrital zircons of the Habahe Group are dominated by early Paleozoic grains, with small proportion formed in Precambrian. The early Paleozoic detrital zircons are mostly magmatic in origin, and their less rounded shapes indicate a limited transportation. The age and morphological characteristics of the detrital zircons are consistent with those of detrital zircons in active tectonic settings and indicate that the Chinese Altai was under an active continental margin environment during the Early Paleozoic. 北疆阿爾泰造山帶的哈巴河群變質碎屑巖分布廣泛,其沉積時代和構造環境對于認識中亞造山帶的演化歷史有重要意義。早期研究認為哈巴河群沉積于震旦紀—中奧陶世時期,形成于被動大陸邊緣構造環境。而最近有學者根據中亞造山帶的地質演化背景提出,阿爾泰形成于活動陸緣構造環境。對哈巴河群中碎屑鋯石的年代學研究表明,不同巖性或變質程度不同的樣品碎屑鋯石主要類群具有相似的年齡分布特征,其206Pb/238U 年齡主要介于463～542Ma 之間。在這些樣品中, 最年輕的碎屑鋯石年齡均集中于470Ma 左右,代表了碎屑沉積的時代下限。而哈巴河群混合巖樣品中碎屑鋯石增生邊形成于中泥盆世晚期（384±6Ma）,與侵入該群的早古生代花崗巖的年齡十分接近,大致反映了哈巴河群碎屑巖沉積時代的上限,因此哈巴河群的沉積時代應在早泥盆世—中奧陶世之間。鋯石的形態和內部結構特征顯示哈巴河群的年輕碎屑鋯石類群（463～542Ma）主要為巖漿鋯石,其磨圓度較差,而且在比例上遠高于前寒武紀碎屑鋯石。上述特點與活動大陸邊緣碎屑鋯石類群分布特征完全一致,反映阿爾泰在中奧陶世至早泥盆世可能處于活動大陸邊緣構造環境。postprin

Treatment of was tewater from jeans production by hydrolytic acidification /biological contact oxidation /sedimentation

[摘要]：针对牛仔衣染色( 以靛蓝染料为主) 废水色度较高、有毒性及污染严重的特点, 确定采用水解酸化/生物 接触氧化/沉淀的工艺处理该废水。在丽发制衣厂的应用实践表明: 该工艺切实可行, 运行费用低, 处理效果稳定, 出 水水质达到DB 44 /26—2001 中一级排放标准, COD、BOD5、SS、色度去除率分别达到94%、92%、87%、83%。[Abstract]:The wastewater fromjeans production(mainly containing indigo dyeing) is characterized by higher colourity, toxicity and severe pollutant. With the consideration of these special characters, the wastewater is treated by hydrolysis acidification /biological contact oxidation /sedimentation process. The operation in Lifa Clothing Manufacture demonstrates that this process is feasible. Its running cost is low and the treatment results are stable. Finally, it also shows that the treated effluent quality accords with the requirement of Ⅰclass standard of water pollutant discharge extreme(DB 44 /26—2001) in Guangdong province. Its COD, BOD5, SS and colourity removal rate reach 94%, 92%, 87% and 83% respectively.海南省自然科学基金资助项目( 80673

Geochemistry of surface sediments from the continental shelf of the East China Sea and small rivers of SE China: Constraints on chemical weathering and provenance

沉积物元素地球化学特征可为沉积环境演化历史提供重要信息，包括沉积物物源、物源成分特征、物源区岩石风化侵蚀程度、成岩作用、沉积物传输、沉积过程及古气候变化等。本研究于东海大陆架，瓯江、闽江和晋江河口共采集79个表层沉积物样品，分析其常微量元素地球化学特征并探讨物源区性质及化学风化特征。UCC和UC-YC标准化蛛网图表明，CaO、Na2O、Ba和Sr呈现出不同程度的亏损，而Rb元素则轻微富集。硅酸盐风化指数(CIA、PIA和CIW)及三角形图(A-CN-K、(A-K)-C-N和A-CNK-FM)表明东海陆架沉积物物源区经历了低-中等的化学风化作用。与东海相比，瓯江、闽江和晋江河口沉积物的风化指数波...Major and trace elemental geochemistry of sediments can provide information central to interpreting the sedimentary history, including chemical weathering conditions, the nature and composition of provenance, sediment transport processes, diagenetic changes and paleoclimate. In this study, seventy-nine surface sediments collected from the continental shelf of the East China Sea (ECS) and the estua...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与地球学院_海洋化学学号：2232012115130

海岸建筑后退线设置方法与实践研究

海岸建筑后退线设置是保护海岸带区域生态环境,保障海岸区域建筑安全及维护海岸景观的重要规划手段。本文以龙海市海岸带为研究对象,考虑海岸侵蚀、海洋灾害等自然因素的基础上,结合生态系统服务价值,确定龙海市不同岸线类海岸建筑后退线的距离,为海岸带空间规划提供基础依据。结果确定龙海市不同岸线类型的海岸建筑后退线的距离分别为砂质岸线240 m、淤泥质岸线240 m、基岩岸线30 m、生物岸线220 m、人工岸线30 m。福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2014R1006-2);;福建省海岛与海岸带管理技术研究重点实验室开放基金(CIMTS-2015-5

Community of benthic macrofauna on sandy intertidal zone in Chinese Horseshoe Crab Reserve in Pingtan island,China

2015年7月底,在平潭岛中国鲎(Tachypleus; tridentatus)保护区沙质潮间带进行了大型底栖动物调查。结果表明,在山岐澳和坛南湾沙质潮间带未发现鲎的幼体和成体,证实中国鲎在山岐澳和坛; 南湾已经面临濒危的境况。山岐澳潮间带的大型底栖动物物种数、物种多样性指数(H')、均匀度指数(J)和丰度指数(d)均高于坛南湾潮间带的大型底栖动; 物物种数、物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰度指数,而山岐澳潮间带的大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量低于坛南湾潮间带的大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量。两个; 海湾大型底栖动物群落的差异与肋(虫昌)螺(Umbonium; costatum)分布有关,坛南湾潮间带栖息着高密度的肋虫昌螺,而在山岐澳潮间带肋(虫昌)螺很少。AZTI's海洋生物指数(AMBI)和多变量海; 洋底栖生物指数(M-AMBI)值证实山歧澳和坛南湾沙质潮间带生态环境均属于受轻度扰动状态。山岐澳主要受海水养殖的影响,吊养的生物和浮筒减缓了水动; 力,导致山岐澳潮间带低洼区表层为泥质沉积物。坛南湾是旅游区,潮间带受人为踩踏较多。At the end of July 2015 , the benthic macrofauna were investigated in; sandy intertidal zone in Chinese Horseshoe Crab Reserve in Pingtan; island. The results showed that both the larvae and adult of Chinese; horseshoe crab were not found in sandy intertidal zone in Shanqi bay and; Tannan bay. It was confirmed that Tachypleus tridentatus stayed in an; endangered situation in the two bays. The species number, species; diversity index (H'),evenness index (J) and a-bundance index (d) of; benthic macrofauna in Shanqi bay were all higher than those in Tannan; bay,while the density and biomass of benthic macrofauna in the; intertidal zone of Shanqi bay were lower than those in Tannan bay. The; difference of benthic macrofaunal community between Shanqi bay and; Tannan bay was related to the distribution of Umbonium costatum . The; density of Umbonium costatum was high in Tannan bay,but it was few in; Shanqi bay. The values of AZTI' s Marine Biotic Index ( AMBI) and; Multivariate Marine Benthic Index (M-AMBI) showed that the ecological; and environmental status both in Shanqi bay and Tannan bay were slightly; disturbed. The mariculture was the key factor in Shanqi bay,because the; suspending aquatic organisms and floats retarded hydrodynamic force led; to muddy sediment in lower intertidal zone in Shanqi bay. Tannan bay is; a tourism region, where has more artificial tread than Shanqi bay.海洋公益项目; 国家自然科学基金面上项目; 厦门大学2015年大创资助项

Discussion on Coastal Building Setback of Coastal Small Towns

本文以海岸带小城镇海岸线建筑后退距离为研究对象,在借鉴国内外相关经验的基础上,提出以多因素分析法代替单一因素分析法确定海岸线建筑后退距离的基本思路,并重点探讨了不同海岸底质下多因素分析法对于海岸线建筑后退距离的影响。文章以福建省若干海岸带小城镇为例,就海岸线建筑后退距离的确定方法初步进行了实例研究。On the basis of relevant experience at home and abroad, the paper takes the coastal building setback of coastal small towns as research object, discusses the calculation and control method of multiple-factor analysis instead of single-factor analysis. And then it explains the impact of multiple-factor analysis on how to calculate coastal building setback under different coastal sediments. At last, the paper develops methods for empirical research, taking several coastal small towns in Fujian province as example.厦门大学校长基金资助项目:海岸带及海岛小城镇总体规划的技术与方法研究资

Late Quaternary Sediment Stratigraphy and Marine Cycles in the Pingtan Island, Fujian Province

选择位于福建平潭岛北部芦洋埔海积平原的PT01钻孔,岩芯长度28.3 m,采用加速器碳同位素(AMS 14C)和光释光(OSL)测年建立地层年代框架,认为晚更新世富含有孔虫等海相生物化石的地层应归属于MIS 5高海面期,即MIS 5e的潮下带滨海相沉积。结合岩性特征、古生物化石、沉积物色度、粒度分析及其参数等指标,进行了沉积单元的划分,重建了MIS 6末期以来的沉积相变化过程,揭示出MIS 5期间的多次海平面波动变化,即MIS 5高海面期沉积环境仍存在滨海、潮坪、潟湖、风成砂等沉积相之间的转换,并可能存在短暂的陆相或风化过程。而该区整个末次冰期的沉积缺失或较薄,上部全新世沉积也不发育,厚度仅为3.79 m,以沼泽相―风成砂相为主。A 28.3 m long core, PT01, from the Pingtan Island, Southeast China, is selected to be studied. Radiocarbon dating(AMS 14C) and optical stimulated luminescene(OSL) are used for establishing chronology. Combining age-dating results with marine microfossil and color index, we classify the Late Quaternary sediment stratigraphy in the coastal region of Fujian Province. It is suggested that the late Pleistocene marine deposit, dated back to 124 ka, and abundant marine microfossil(e.g. foraminifer and ostracods), would belong to the Marine Isotope Stages 5(MIS 5). Moreover, the late Quaternary sediment could be divided into three units based on the analysis of lithology, microfossil, grain size and color index. Our results reveal that the sediment environment during the MIS 5 was significantly controlled by global sea level change which varied among coast, tidal flat, lagoon, and eolian sand, and probably there existed weathering process. A hiatus during the last glacial(MIS 2-4) was attributed to low relative sea level. And the Holocene deposit, as thick as 3.79 m, developed poorly and was mainly comprised of swamp facies and eolian dune.国家自然科学基金(41230101、41072128

洪泽湖大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

洪泽湖是我国第四大淡水湖,然而关于洪泽湖大型底栖动物的报道较少。为了研究洪泽湖大型底栖动物群落结构特征及其影响因子,在洪泽湖设置20个采样点,进行了为期1周年的季度调查(2010年5月-2011年2月)。共采集到大型底栖动物14种,寡毛类、摇蚊科幼虫和软体动物分别有5种(占总物种数的35.7%)、3种(21.4%)和6种(42.9%)。河蚬为第一优势种(优势度Y=0.18),其次分别为苏氏尾鳃蚓(0.09)、羽摇蚊(0.07)、霍甫水丝蚓(0.06)和铜锈环棱螺(0.06)。群落的平均密度和平均生物量分别为(45.45±7.38)个/m2和(52.43±12.04)g/m2,其中软体动物平均密度和平均生物量最高[(24.80±6.20)个/m2和(49.55±11.94)g/m2],摇蚊类次之[(13.76±2.87)个/m2和(2.28±0.71)g/m2],寡毛类最低[(6.96±2.41)个/m2和(0.60±0.18)g/m2]。全湖Shannon-Wiener、Margalef和Pielou指数分别为2.69、1.10和0.71,各指数季节差异不明显。冗余分析(RDA)结果共解释物种数据累计方差的35.0%;MonteCarlo检验表明,洪泽湖水体中硝酸盐氮、总氮和化学耗氧量是影响底栖动物群落分布最关键的环境因子(F=2.181～3.277,P<0.05)