Integral fill yarn insertion and beatup method using inflatable membrane

An apparatus and method for integral fill yarn insertion and beatup are disclosed. A modified rapier contains a channel for holding fill yarn. The channel is covered with a flexible and inflatable boot, and an inflating apparatus for this boot is also attached. Fill yarn is inserted into the channel, and the rapier is extended into a shed formed by warp yarn. Next, the rapier is pushed into the fell of the fabric, and the flexible and inflatable cover inflated, which both pushes the yarn into the fell of the fabric and performs beatup. The rapier is withdrawn and the shed closed to complete one step of the weaving process

Mercerization of Cotton for Strength with Special Reference to Aircraft Cloth

The object of the present investigation was to determine the conditions for mercerizing cotton yarn to obtain the maximum strength for a given weight. Apparatus for controlling the variables was built and yarns were mercerized with it under systematically varied conditions of tension, time, temperature, and concentration of caustic soda. The strongest conclusion to be drawn from this work is that the strongest mercerized yarn of a given count from a given quality of cotton is obtained under the following conditions: 1. use of low-twist yarn obtained with twist multipliers from 2.2 to 3; 2. thorough pretreatment of the yarn to remove all extraneous materials; 3. mercerization at a temperature of 0 C or lower; 4. use of sufficient tension during mercerization to prevent the yarn from contracting more than 3 percent. 5. Use of caustic solution having a concentration of 10 percent or higher; 6. the time of mercerization to be 5 minutes. The resulting yarn should be 40 to 100 percent stronger than the original yarn of the same weight

Improving the tensile strength of carbon nanotube spun yarns using a modified spinning process

A modified process for the dry spinning of carbon nanotube (CNT) yarn is reported. The approach gives an improved structure of CNT bundles in the web drawn from the CNT forest and in the yarn produced from the twisted web leading to improved mechanical properties of the yarn. The process enables many different mechanical and physical treatments to be applied to the individual stages of the pure CNT spinning system, and may allow potential for the development of complex spinning processes such as polymer–CNT-based composite yarns. The tensile strength and yarn/web structure of yarn spun using this approach have been investigated and evaluated using standard tensile testing methods along with scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results show that the tensile properties were significantly improved. The effect of heat treatments and other yarn constructions on the tensile properties are also reported

The Effects of Trade Liberalization in Textiles and Clothing on the Greek Market for Cotton Yarn: A Multi-Market Analysis

The Round of Uruguay (1987-1995) signaled the end of the Multi Fiber Agreement (MFA) for textiles and clothing. The quota regime, in place since 1974, was decided, according to the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC; 1995), to be gradually eliminated by the year 2005. As a result, prices of cotton yarn in the world markets decreased affecting producers in all cotton yarn exporting countries, including Greece. At the same time, the labor cost in the western industrialized countries remained high, or even increased, exerting further pressure on yarn producers. The present paper examines these changes for the cotton yarn industry in Greece, the sector under consideration in this paper. We use a multi-market partial equilibrium model which allows us to take into account input and output price changes, relevant for the industry under study. Using line integral theory, Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (SUR) with restrictions (IZEF) and non-parametric bootstrap we estimate the welfare effects to producers and consumers. Findings show that the gradual elimination of quotas had a substantial negative effect on the welfare of cotton yarn producers while consumers' welfare has been affected in a positive manner.International Relations/Trade,

Time-dependent calculation of the velocity of a yarn launched by the main nozzle of an air-jet loom

In air-jet weaving looms the yarn is initially accelerated by the main nozzle. To obtain a high yarn velocity a high air velocity is required which results in complex flow patterns. Consequently, predicting the influence of a change in geometry or inlet pressure on the yarn velocity is not straightforward. In this research a fast time-dependent fluid-structure interaction framework is used to model the acceleration of a yarn during launch. Initially, the performance of the framework is assessed by considering a smooth monofilament yarn. A suggestion is also madeand tested to deal with the surface texture of hairy/multifilament yarns

MINIMIZING FARM-TO-MILL COTTON CLEANING COST

This study focuses on least-cost farm-to-mill cotton cleaning configurations employing survey, regression, and simulation techniques. The resulting least-cost cotton cleaning configurations, employing standard textile technology, included the use of one lint cleaning in the ginning stage. The use of a field cleaner in the harvesting stage was also found to be optimal with some variation based on the desired yarn quality. Results of the study indicated that the optimal cleaning configurations were distinctly different from currently used practices, such that appropriate changes could save the cotton industry between $0.30 and$0.60 per bale of cotton, depending on the desired yarn quality.Cotton cleaning, Least-cost configuration, Yarn quality, Crop Production/Industries,

Seed coat fragments, a major source of cotton yarn imperfections

A method to differentiate cultivars depending on their SCFcontents on yarn was developped in CIRAD CA using a GGP Uster Eveness Tester. Results indicate a high SCF heritability,but fabrication of yam is too costly to be used for breeding programs. 50, anew method, using image analysis, has been developped for counting andsizing up SCF on card web. SCF counts were made on card web and compared to those obtained by Uster Tester III on 20 texn 37 tex yarns for 30 cottons. Number of SCF on yarn can bi predicted wiht R² as great as 80%. (Résumé d'auteur

Space suit heat exchanger Patent

Space suit body heat exchanger design composed of thermal conductance yarn and liquid coolant loop

MEASURING COMPETITION FOR TEXTILES: DOES THE U.S. MAKE THE GRADE?

U.S. textile manufacturing is coming under increasing pressure from foreign competition. This paper evaluates the U.S. competitive position in the yarn segment using established quantifiable measures and provides an overall competitive assessment. The study found the industry in a relatively weak competitive position but that U.S. competitive position is improving.competitiveness, cotton yarn, revealed comparative advantage, tariff equivalent, International Relations/Trade, F29, L67, O57,

THE IMPLICATIONS OF AN EXPORT TAX ON SECTORAL GROWTH: A CASE IN PAKISTAN

Impacts of an export tax on growth in the cotton and yarn markets were examined. Results of a simulation show that the export tax on raw fiber decreased the rate of growth in the fiber sector by 80%, and also decreased growth in yarn production by 0.7%.Crop Production/Industries, International Relations/Trade,