Trace element and isotope constraints on crustal anatexis by upwelling mantle melts in the North Atlantic Igneous Province: an example form the Isle of Rum, NW Scotland

Sr and Nd isotope ratios, together with lithophile trace elements, have been measured in a representative set of igneous rocks and Lewisian gneisses from the Isle of Rum in order to unravel the petrogenesis of the felsic rocks that erupted in the early stages of Palaeogene magmatism in the North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP). The Rum rhyodacites appear to be the products of large amounts of melting of Lewisian amphibolite gneiss. The Sr and Nd isotopic composition of the magmas can be explained without invoking an additional granulitic crustal component. Concentrations of the trace element Cs in the rhyodacites strongly suggests that the gneiss parent rock had experienced Cs and Rb loss prior to Palaeogene times, possibly during a Caledonian event. This depletion caused heterogeneity with respect to 87Sr/86Sr in the crustal source of silicic melts. Other igneous rock types on Rum (dacites, early gabbros) are mixtures of crustalmelts and and primarymantle melts. Forward Rare Earth Element modelling shows that late stage picritic melts on Rum are close analogues for the parent melts of the Rum Layered Suite, and for the mantle melts that caused crustal anatexis of the Lewisian gneiss. These primary mantle melts have close affinities to Mid-Oceanic Ridge Basalts (MORB), whose trace element content varies from slightly depleted to slightly enriched. Crustal anatexis is a common process in the rift-to-drift evolution during continental break-up and the formation of Volcanic Rifted Margins systems. The ‘early felsic–later mafic’ volcanic rock associations from Rum are compared to similar associations recovered from the now-drowned seaward-dipping wedges on the shelf of SE Greenland and on the Vøring Plateau (Norwegian Sea). These three regions show geochemical differences that result from variations in the regional crustal composition and the depth at which crustal anatexis took place

The Effect of Oscimum Sanctum to the Thrombocytes Number on Mice

Oscimum sanctum is herbal that was spread widely in Indonesia. Oscimum sanctum contains abundant of substances. One of the functions on Oscimum sanctum was anti-thrombocytes effect. This effect is associated with platelet function as a mechanical plug in the vascular injury during the normal homeostatic response. The disruption in thrombocytes function leads to disturb the blood clotting process. Therefore, The aims of the research were to prove the impact of Oscimum sanctum on the number of thrombocytes. This research used mice that divided into 3 groups, as a group I dose 250 mg/day (Oscimum sanctum infusion), group II dose 500 mg/day and the control group. We used clopidogrel as a positive control to determine the effectiveness of anti platelet effect. Data were analyzed by ANOVA showed that the existence of anti-thrombocyte effect in the Oscimum sanctum dose 500 mg/day was significantly different. This result proved that Oscimum sanctum has anti-thrombocytes effect by decreasing thrombocytes number

Hierarchical elimination-by-aspects and nested logit models of stated preferences for alternative fuel vehicles

1. INTRODUCTION Since the late 1960s, transport demand analysis has been the context for significant developments in model forms for the representation of discrete choice behaviour. Such developments have adhered almost exclusively to the behavioural paradigm of Random Utility Maximisation (RUM), first proposed by Marschak (1960) and Block and Marschak (1960). A common argument for the allegiance to RUM is that it ensures consistency with the fundamental axioms of microeconomic consumer theory and, it follows, permits interface between the demand model and the concepts of welfare economics (e.g. Koppelman and Wen, 2001). The desire to better represent observed choice, which has driven developments in RUM models, has been somewhat at odds, however, with the frequent assault on the utility maximisation paradigm, and by implication RUM, from a range of literatures. This critique has challenged the empirical validity of the fundamental axioms (e.g. Kahneman and Tversky, 2000; Mclntosh and Ryan, 2002; Saelensmide, 1999) and, more generally, the realism of the notion of instrumental rationality inherent in utility maximisation (e.g. Hargreaves-Heap, 1992; McFadden, 1999; Camerer, 1998). Emanating from these literatures has been an alternative family of so-called non-RUM models, which seek to offer greater realism in the representation of how individuals actually process choice tasks. The workshop on Methodological Developments at the 2000 Conference of the International Association for Travel Behaviour Research concluded: 'Non-RUM models deserve to be evaluated side-by-side with RUM models to determine their practicality, ability to describe behaviour, and usefulness for transportation policy. The research agenda should include tests of these models' (Bolduc and McFadden, 2001 p326). The present paper, together with a companion paper, Batley and Daly (2003), offer a timely contribution to this research priority. Batley and Daly (2003) present a detailed account of the theoretical derivation of RUM, and consider the relationships of two specific RUM forms; nested logit [NL] (Ben-Akiva, 1974; Williams, 1977; Daly and Zachary, 1976; McFadden, 1978) and recursive nested extreme value [RNEV] (Daly, 2001 ; Bierlaire, 2002; Daly and Bierlaire, 2003); to two specific non-RUM forms; elimination-by-aspects [EBA] (Tversky, 1972a, 1972b) and hierarchical EBA [HEBA] (Tversky and Sattath, 1979). In particular, Batley and Daly (2003) establish conditions under which NL and RNEV derive equivalent choice probabilities to HEBA and EBA, respectively. These findings would seem to ameliorate the concern that the application of RUM models to data generated by non-RUM choice processes could introduce significant biases. That aside, substantive issues remain as to how non-RUM models can best be specified so as to yield useful and robust information in both estimation and forecasting contexts, and how their empirical performance compares with RUM models. Such issues are the focus of the present paper, which applies non-RUM models to a real empirical context

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT PETANI BERUSAHATANI SERAI WANGI DI KECAMATAN DABUN GELANG KABUPATEN GAYO LUES

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT PETANI BERUSAHATANI SERAI WANGI DI KECAMATAN DABUN GELANG KABUPATEN GAYO LUESOleh:Rum Yanti/Agribisnis/Universitas Syiah KualaABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat minat petani berusahatani serai wangi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat petani dalam berusahatani serai wangi di Kecamatan Dabun Gelang Kabupaten Gayo Lues. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari 57 petani dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang telah disusun. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi logistik biner, dengan menggunakan alat bantu software SPSS 16. Data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini yaitu Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Gayo Lues dan Kantor Kecamatan Dabun Gelang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat petani adalah pengalaman, pendapatan, dan pendidikan. Pengalaman dan pendapatan berpengaruh nyata terhadap minat petani yang dibuktikan nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari nialai ?. Sedangkan umur petani dan pendidikan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap minat dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikan lebih besar dari nilai ?. Nilai ? yang digunakan adalah 0.05 atau 95%.Kata Kunci : Minat, Serai Wangi, Analisis Regresi Logistik Biner THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE INTEREST OF FARMERS TO FARM CITRONELLA IN DABUN GELANG GAYO LUESSubmitted by:Rum Yanti/Agribisnis/Universitas Syiah KualaABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to know the intrest level of farmers to farm citronella and the factors that affect the interest of farmers to farm citrinella in Dabun Gelang Gayo Lues. The data that are used in primer data from 57 farmers by using questionnaire that has been compiled. The analysis of this study is binary logistic regression by using spss 16 software. Secondary data obtained from relevant agencies like BPS Gayo Lues and district office Dabun Gelang. This study result shows the factors that affect the interest of farmers are experience, revenue and education. Experience and revenue have effect to the interest of farmers because significant value is smaller than ? value. Education have not a significant effect to the interest of farmers because significant value is bigger than ? value. The ? value that is used is 0,05 or 95% .Keyword : The interest, Citronella, Analysis of Binary Logistic Regressio

The Presidency, War, and Foreign Affairs: Practice Under the Framers

Varje år träder ca 50 000 människor ur Svenska kyrkan och avsäger sig därmed rätten att begravas i Svenska kyrkans ceremoniella ordning och lokaler. Man träder ut ur kyrkans ordning, och ut ur kyrkans rum, men man träder inte in i något annat. Mitt kandidatarbete är ett försök att visa på en annan ordning och andra rum. Every year some 50 000 people exits the Swedish Church and disclaims thus the right to be buried in the Swedish Church ceremonial order and premises. They leave behind the order of the Church, and exits the church room, but they do not enter anything else. My graduate work is an attempt to present an alternative order and alternative rooms

Efektifitas Komunikasi Pembelajaran Ekonomi di Kelas X SMA Adisucipto Kabupaten Kubu Raya

This study aims to gain an overview on the effectiveness of teacher communication on learning in class X SMA Economics Adisucipto Sei Raya. The research method used is descriptive research methods and forms of research is survey research. After this research, the researchers obtained the findings that communication learning in high school economics class X Adisucipto Sei Raya about 60% effective and 40% said they have not been effective. Data collection tool that is used to guide observation, interview, questionnaires, and notes.Processing data using the formula percentage (%) and qualitatively analyzed descriptively. It is necessary to use a good channel to the subject matter can get well. For example, with more frequent use of instructional media, it helps teachers explain not too fast, and it took cooperation between teachers and students. Because students tend to be passive interest in learning is still low

Hubungan antara Lingkungan Rumah dan Sanitasi akanan dengan Keberadaan Tikus di Kabupaten Boyolali

Rats are animals that have a habit of gnawing rodents. Location rat's nest is usually hidden, moist, not waterlogged. Houses that are not meeting the rat (rodent proof) and is not maintained then at certain points would be a rat's nest. Rats nest outdoors usually in the form of a hole in the ground, in the trash, and dirty place. This study aims to examine the relationship between the home environment and sanitation with the presence of rats in Boyolali. The study used a case-control study design with a ratio of 1: 1. The entire population of people living in Boyolali district in 2014-2015. Samples are cases of patients with leptospirosis in Boyolali totaled 32 while the control sample is a nearest neighbor (side / rear of the house patients). Collecting data using observation sheet, data analysis using chi square and fisher exact. Results of the analysis concludes that there is a link on variable kinds of flooring (p =0,001; OR=11,182; 95% CI = 2,580 to 48,456) and the type of wall (p=0,002; OR=8,400; 95% CI=2,104 to 33,531). No relation to the variable habit of turning off lights (p=0,507), the condition of bins (0,742), the construction of the roof (p=0,507), the presence of lines of mice to the roof (p=0,156), the condition SPAL (p=0,115), the habit of saving means of food (p=1,000), the habit of storing food and beverages (p=0,574). Suggested to health workers in order to improve sanitation and healthy homes in Boyolali district

Pemecahan Masalah Berdasarkan Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis Siswa dalam Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi Akuntansi

This study aims to determine based problem solving skills critical thinking ability students in economics subjects accounting class XI IPS 1 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Pontianak. The method used is descriptive method. Data taken with the technique of direct communication, observation, and tests. The results of this study indicate that students\u27 problem solving abilities vary by level of critical thinking ability. On students classified as very critical, problem-solving skills very well with the value of 85 and the percentage of problem solving that is very high 86.87%. On students who belong critical, problem-solving skills very well with the value of 88 and the percentage of problem solving that is very high 89.43%. On students is quite critical, good problem solving skills with a value of 72.56 and 75.05% percentage of problem solving that is high. On students classified as less critical, problem-solving skills enough with the value of 68.6 and the percentage of problem solving that is 71.63% higher. This suggests that it is crucial critical thinking problem solving skills of students, because the better the students\u27 critical problem-solving skills

“More a Medicine than a Beverage”: “Demon Rum” and the Canadian Trench Soldier of the First World War

A couple of months before he was killed at Vimy Ridge, Private Ronald Mackinnon noted that he had to cut his letter to his father short because he heard “the joyful cry [of] ‘rum up’.” In the renches, everyone reacted when rum was issued. The rum ration was, in the words of Private E. Seaman of the 3rd Battalion, “the highlight of the day.” First Battalion infantryman Ralph Bell wrote that “When the days shorten, and the rain never ceases; when the sky is ever grey, the nights chill, and trenches thigh deep in mud and water; when the front is altogether a beastly place, in fact, we have one consolation. It comes in gallon jars, marked simply ‘S.R.D.’” That SRD was army issued Special Red Demerara rum

A review on the rotary ultrasonic machining of advanced ceramics

Advanced ceramics are likely candidates for many industrial applications due to their superior properties. However, their high machining costs lead to limited applications. Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) is one of the cost-effective machining processes available for drilling holes in advanced ceramics. This paper reports on investigations in the last few years on RUM process of advanced ceramics. Emphasis is given on the effect of RUM process parameters (such as applied static load, rotational speed, ultrasonic power and vibration amplitude, abrasive grit size and coolant) on machinability parameters (such as material removal rate, tool wear and surface roughness). Results on tool wear and edge chipping are also reported