Exercise Increases Neural Stem Cell Number in a GH-Dependent Manner, Augmenting the Regenerative Response in Aged Mice

The exercise-induced enhancement of learning and memory, and its ability to slow age-related cognitive decline in humans led us to investigate whether running stimulates periventricular (PVR) neural stem cells (NSCs) in aging mice, thereby augmenting the regenerative capacity of the brain. To establish a benchmark of normal aging on endogenous NSCs, we harvested the PVR from serial vibratome sections through the lateral ventricles of juvenile (6-8 weeks), 6, 12, 18, and 24-month-old mice, culturing the cells in the neural colony forming cell assay. A significant decline in NSC frequency was apparent by 6-months (~40%) ultimately resulting in a ~90% reduction by 24-months. Concurrent with this decline was a progressive loss in regenerative capacity, as reflected by an incomplete repopulation of neurosphere-forming cells following gamma cell irradiation-induced depletion of the PVR. However voluntary exercise (i.e. 21 days of running) significantly increased NSC frequency in mic

Pharmacokinetics of Mebudipine, a new calcium antagonist, following single intravenous and oral administrations in rats

The pharmacokinetics of a new calcium antagonist, mebudipine, was studied after a single intravenous (0.5mg/kg) and oral (10mg/kg) administration to rats. After intravenous dosing, the plasma concentration of mebudipine declined biexponentially with a terminal half-life of 2.84 h. The blood clearance was 1.67 1/h/kg and the volume of distribution at steady state was found to be 6.26 1/kg. After oral dosing (10 mg/kg), the Cmax of mebudipine was 25.9.79 ng/ml. The oral bioavailability was low (< 2%) suggesting a marked first-pass effect. The distribution of mebudipine into some tissues such as brain, heart, liver and kidney following intravenous administration (0.5mg/kg) was studied and a rapid distribution of mebudipine into these tissues was found. It was concluded that brain, heart, liver and kidney are in the same compartment as plasma (central). Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Evaluation and comparison of inserting temporary transvenous pacemaker using blind method and 2dimentional echocardiographic guide in hospitalized patients in Ardabil Bu-Ali hospital during 1378-1384

Introduction: Temporary transvenous pacemakers are used in urgent management of patients with severe bradyarrythmia and unstable hemodynamic state and not responded to drug therapy. Because fluoroscopy is not available in all our centers and in urgent situations, in our center we use 2methods for inserting temporary transvenous pacemaker, blind and with two-dimentional echocardiographic guide. The goal of this study is to compare these two methods in inserting temporary transvenous pacemaker. Materials & Methods: This study is a cross - sectional study. During this study all the patients who required temporary pacemaker entered the study and inserted temporary transvenous pacemaker with one of the methods blind or 2DE for them. The results of two methods compare with each other and for each data average and standard deviation calculated and t-test used for calculation of average and in all of them probable bias below 0.05 % were demonstrate meaningfull. Results: 30 patients with indication of inserting pacemaker surveyed in this study which pacemaker used for 46.6 % and 53.3 % of them by using blind and 2DE methods, respectively. Duration for inserting temporary pacemaker for 2DE method was about 16.2±4.9 minutes and for blind method was 29.5±11.1 minutes and in t-test was meaningfull (p= 0.001). In this study the most common complication of TPM was PVC that was seen 38.5 % in blind group and 17.6 % in 2DE group. Also the percentage of patients with no complication was 38.5 % for blind and 58.8 % in 2DE group and they weren’t meaningfull in k2-test. Death ratio was 11.8 % in 2DE group and 23.1 % in blind group. However, this difference in death ratio was seen in two groups but was not statistically meaningfull. Conclusion: Depend of above findings, significant statistical differences was between the duration for inserting temporary pacemaker in 2DE method comparing with blind method. On the other hand, inserting temporary pacemaker with echocardiographic guide also had benefits comparing with the other method. So 2DE method suggested to be the replacement of fluoroscopy

Determination the relationship between αFP amount and hyperbillirubinemai in 100 icteric term newborns admitted in AliAsghar and Imam Khomeini hospitals in Ardabil

Introduction: one of the disease which newborns sufferd from In primary days after birth, is jaundice that is because of billirubin collection which produced from metabolism hemoglobin. αFP is a protein secreted from yolksac and liver in fetal period which increased it's amount in pregnancy, some anatomical and chromosomal abnormality, malignancies, and liver diseases and decreased after delivery rapidly. αFP decreased with developed of fetus in fetal period. So it seams that there is probably a relationship between maturation and liver functional development and αFP. The study was an attempt to determine the relationship between αFP amount and hyperbillirubinemia in 100 normal newborns sufferd jaundice Materials & Methods: In this study we choice 100 term newborns sufferd from jaundice which 66 of them was boys and 34 of them girls and all was less than 28 days years old, and only because of high amount of billirubin was in pathologic range, they admitted for photothrapy in AliAsghar and Imam Khomeini hospitals after filling out the questioneirs, αFP was measured after seccured their parents agreement. Results analysed by SPSS software. Results: compare between αFP average amount and age of newborns shows in 1-4 days (518.1 μg/l) , 5-9 days(515.4 μg/l),10-14days(530.8 μg/l), 15-19days(663.2 μg/l), 20—24 days(285.5 μg/l) and more than 25 days (689.6 μg/l), that there was no significant relationship(P =0.21). Compare between αFP average amount and sex shows in female(559.9 μg/l) and male (509.5 μg/l) there was no significant relationship(P=0.24). Compare between αFP average amount and on setting jaundice day shows that there was no significant relationship(P=0.1). Compare between αFP average amount and infant billirubin shows that there was no significant relationship (P=0.87). Compare between αFP average amount and the way of delivery shows in NVD (514.5 μg/l), C/S(543.5 μg/l), (P=0.48) and compare between αFP average amount and weight of birthing time shows in low than 2500gr(454.6 μg/l), 2500-4000gr(529.5 μg/l), more than 4000gr(637 μg/l) that there were no significant relationship(P=0.24). compare between αFP average amount and Blood groups of newborns show in AB(615 μg/l), A(481.3 μg/l), B(65 μg/l), O(590.8 μg/l) that there was no significant relationship(P=0.06), compare between αFP average amount and Rh+ show that their was no significant relationship(P=0.526) Conclusion: The results shows that there is no significant relationship between αFP rate and billirubin rate / age /sex/ weight of birthing time/ onsetting jaundice day/ way of delivery/ newborn blood group/ reticulocyt

Diagnosis of brucellosis by use of BACTEC blood culture and confirmation by PCR

Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases in Iran. Growth of Brucella is slow and blood cultures of these bacteria are time-consuming via classical methods. We try to evaluate BACTEC 9120 system capacity in order to detect of bacteremia due to Brucella spp and to confirm isolated bacteria by PCR. Blood culture sample of 102 suspected patients evaluated by BACTEC 9120 system. They were subcultured when the machine detected their growth; if not; blind subcultures were performed on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Forty-one of 102 suspected patients showed bactermia. Isolation rate of Brucella was 40.2%. All patients were detected by BACTEC 9120 system. All positive blood culture was detected via BACTEC 9120 and blind subcultures. No positive blood culture bottles were missed by the system. Our data obtained by using the BACTEC 9120 system indicates a more rapid detection of Brucella than conventional methods

Analysis of the Relationships between Esophageal Cancer Cases and Climatic Factors Using a Geographic Information System (GIS): a Case Study of Ardabil province in Iran

Esophageal cancer is a mjaor health problems in many parts of the world. A geographical information system (GIS) allows investigation of the geographical distribution of diseases. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between esophageal cancer and effective climatic factors using GIS. The dispersion distribution and the relationship between environmental factors effective on cancer were measured using Arc GIS. The highest degree of spread was in Germi town and the least was in Ardabil city. There was a significant relationship between effective environmental factors and esophageal cancer in Ardabil province. The results indicated that environmental factors probably are influential in determining the incidence of esophageal cancer. Also, these results can be considered as a window to future comprehensive research on esophageal cancer and related risk factors

A Novel Protocol for Gastric Lavage in Patients with Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning: A Double-Blind Study

Aluminum phosphide poisoning (ALPP) still has no efficient and approved antidote. Supportive care and hemodynamic monitoring are the only choices of treatment. We proposed a new lavage formulation in addition to evaluation of its efficacy and defining the impact of clinical characteristics of patients on their prognosis. During eight months period of time, 120 patients were enrolled to the study and randomly received two different gastric lavage protocols. Our new lavage protocol had positive impact on patients’ survival and the P-value in comparison with the classic gastric lavage method was close to significant level (P=0.054). On hospital arrival indication for intubation-ventilation as well as sense of thirst, sore throat and absence of nausea indicate worse outcome. Using our novel approach, indication for intubation-ventilation as well as sense of thirst, sore throat and absence of nausea can be considered as applicable prognostic factors in survival of ALPP patients. Further studies are required to set this approach as preferred treatmen

Changing Pattern of Mortality Trends in Iran, South, South- West Asia and World, 1970-2010

Background: Mortality refers to the death that occurs within a population. It is linked to many factors such as age, sex, race, occupation and social class. The incidence and prevalence of mortality could affect the population’s standard of living and health care. The aim of this study was to explore the pattern of mortality trends in Iran, south-south west Asia and the world in 1970-2010. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on the registered data in the Statistical Center of Iran and National Organization of Civil Registration. The data were analyzed using statistical methods and graphs. Finally, the analyzed data were compared with the world and south-south west Asia data. Results: In Iran, 61.1% of all the registered deaths were in male and 60.4% were in urban areas. Crude death rate, infant mortality rate and under five mortality rate decreased from 13, 164 and 281 per 1000 in 1970-75 to the estimated values of 5, 25 and 35 per 1000 in 2005-2010, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that similar to other countries, the trends of all mortality indicators in Iran have been changed and decreased, which is related to many factors such as improvement health situation and medical interventions

Epidemiology of upper gastrointestinal cancers in Iran: A sub site analysis of 761 cases

Abstract AIM: To define the sub site distribution of upper gastrointestinal cancers in three provinces of Iran. METHODS: The study was car r ied out in three provinces in Iran: Ardabil, Golestan, and Tehran. In Arbabil and Golestan, the data was collected from the sole referral center for gastrointestinal cancers and the local cancer registry. For Tehran province, data from two major private hospitals were used. All gastric and esophageal cancer patients diagnosed during the period from September 2000 and April 2002 were included in the study. RESULTS: A total of 761 pat ient s wi th upper gastrointestinal cancers were identified, 314 from Ardabil, 261 from Golestan, and 186 from Tehran. In Tehran, the relative rate of cancer increased from the upper esophagus to the distal stomach. In Golestan, the reverse pattern was observed. In Ardabil, the mid portion (distal esophagus and proximal stomach) was involved most frequently. CONCLUSION: There were considerable variations in the sub site of upper gastrointestinal cancers in the three provinces studied. We cannot provide any explanation for this variation. Further research aimed at explaining the discrepancies in sub site distribution of upper gastrointestinal cancers may help identify important risk factors

Treatment of Schamberg's disease with pentoxifylline - therapeutic trial

Abstract: Thirty patients with Schamberg's disease were started on pentoxifylline (400 mg three times daily) for a period of 9 weeks. Improvement was assessed at 3 weekly intervals by two observers independently and graded as mild (<25%), moderate (25-50%) and marked (>50%). Marked improvement was observed in 15/30 (50%) patients. We conclude that pentoxifylline should be considered as first line therapy in all patients with Schamberg's disease