Applications of social media and web 2.0 for research support in selected African academic institutions

This study examined the use of Social Media/Web 2.0 for research support and it is guided by three objectives namely: a) to ascertain the uses of social media in academic institutions; b) to identify the challenges associated with social media use for research purposes and c) to provide experiences of social media application in selected African academic institutions. The study makes use of literature analysis in combination with personal and professional work experiences on the use of social media from librarians in four different countries. Institutional experiences of the four librarians showed that it is only Rhodes University Library that uses social media in its library, which is as a result of a formal social media strategy. For the other three universities, University of Education, Winneba Library in Ghana, Makerere University Library in Uganda and the University of Nigeria Library, the use of social media is not encouraging. They use it mostly for communication and interaction with colleagues. It was also discovered that there is no social media strategy available in these university libraries. Based on these findings, the study recommended the implementation of a social media strategy, appointment of social media librarians in these libraries, and continuing professional development of librarians to keep abreast with current trends. Web 2.0/Social Media is a new technology offering new options for African academic librarians in their research support rol

Onkolojide PET-BT ile multimodal görüntüleme

Pozitron-emisyon tomografi (PET) ile bilgisayarlı tomografinin (BT) birlikte kullanımı (PET-BT) PET'in klinik kullanımını önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. PET-BT, BT'nin yüksek çüzünürlüğünü PET'in yüksek duyarlığıyla birleştirmektedir. PET ve BT sonuçlarının tek incelemede ve aynı cihazla elde edilmesi nedeniyle her iki prosedürün en uygun birleşimi mümkündür. PET ve BT görüntülerinin klasik birleştirilmesine oranla, PET-BT ile PET'in doğruluğu yaklaşık %15 oranında artırılabilir. PET-BT'nin gücünden tam olarak yararlanmak sadece oral veya intravenöz kontrast ajanların kullanılmasıyla mümkündür. BT'nin X- ışını aynı zamanda atenüasyon düzeltmesi için kullanılır. Bu makalede ağırlıklı olarak akciğer kanseri, malign melanom, baş-boyun tümörleri, tiroid tümörleri ve kolorektal kanserler üzerinde durulmuş ve PET-BT'nin görsel gücü olgulara ait görüntüler aracılığıyla ortaya konmuştur.The combination of PET (positron emission tomography) with CT (computed tomography) has considerably enhanced the clinical application of PET. PET-CT combines the high resolution of CT with the high sensitivity of PET. As PET and CT results are obtained with one machine during one investigation, an optimal fusion of both procedures is possible. The accuracy of PET can be increased by about 15% by PET-CT, compared to conventional fusion of PET and CT images. The potential of PET-CT can only be fully used if contrast agents -either orally or intravenously- are applied. The Xrays of CT may also be used for attenuation correction. This article focuses mainly on PET-CT in lung cancer, malignant melanoma, head and neck tumors, thyroid tumors, and colorectal cancer, with illustrations of some cases documenting the potentials of PET-CT

Predictive and Prognostic Factors in Ovarian and Uterine Carcinosarcomas

Background: Prognostic factors and the standard treatment approach for gynaecological carcinosarco-mas have not yet been clearly defined. Although car-cinosarcomas are more aggressive than pure epithelial tumours, they are treated similarly. Serous/clear cell and endometrioid components may be predictive fac-tors for the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) or radiotherapy (RT) or RT in patients with uterine and ovarian carcinosarcomas. Heterologous carcino-sarcomas may benefit more from adjuvant CT.Aims: We aimed to define the prognostic and predic-tive factors associated with treatment options in ovar-ian (OCS) and uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS).Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional studyMethods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical re-cords of patients with ovarian and uterine carcinosar-coma from 2000 to 2013, and 127 women were includ-ed in this study (24 ovarian and 103 uterine). Patients admitted to seventeen oncology centres in Turkey be-tween 2000 and December 2013 with a histologically proven diagnosis of uterine carcinosarcoma with FIGO 2009 stage I-III and patients with sufficient data ob-tained from well-kept medical records were included in this study. Stage IV tumours were excluded. The pa-tient records were retrospectively reviewed. Data from 104 patients were evaluated for this study.Results: Age (>=70 years) was a poor prognostic factor for UCS (p=0.036). Pelvic±para aortic lymph node dis-section did not affect overall survival (OS) (p=0.35). Macroscopic residual disease was related with OS (p<0.01). The median OS was significantly longer in stage I-II patients than stage III patients (p=0.03). Adjuvant treatment improved OS (p=0.013). Adju-vant radiotherapy tended to increase the median O

Contribution of Long Term Video Eeg Monitoring to Diagnosis of Epilepsy Patients

DergiPark: 378980tmsjAims: Data obtained by the patient’s anamnesis and interictal routine EEG are sometimes not satisfactory for achieving a correct diagnosis of epilepsy. It is considered that some of the treatment resistant epilepsy patients are such kind of cases. In the present study, the contribution of long term video EEG monitoring (VEM) to treatment in the treatment resistant epilepsy patients was investigated. Methods: Twenty-nine cases were enrolled into the study, and the epilepsy diagnosis and classification were re-evaluated. The ratio of cases who needed a change of treatment after the new diagnosis and classification was calculated. Results: A significant difference was seen in the diagnosis, classification and treatments (34,5%, 44,8%, 37,8%, respectively) before and after long-term VEM. Conclusion: Long term VEM seems to be an important tool in re-evaluation of treatment resistant epilepsy patients and in achieving the correct diagnosi

Laringeal osteom: Laringeal obstrüksiyonun nadir bir nedeni

Osteomlar selim, tipik olarak yavaş büyüyen, belirgin sınırlı, yoğun siklerotik kemik tümörleridir. Laringeal osteom çok enderdir. Biz bu çalışmamızda çok ender görülen laringeal osteomlu bir olgu sunuyoruz. Olgunun 3 yıldır ses kısıklığı ve 1 aydır nefes darlığı şikayeti vardı. İndirekt larinks muayenesinde, laringeal boşluğu dolduran supraglottik kitle vardı. Kitle mikrolaringoskopik aletler kullanılarak tam olarak çıkarıldı. Operasyon sonrası hastanın şikayetleri tam olarak geriledi. Laringeal osteomlu olgu tedavisi ile literatür eşliğinde sunulmuştur.Osteomas are benign, typically slow-growing tumors composed of densely sclerotic, well circumscribed bone. Laryngeal osteomas are extremely rare. We report an extremely rare case of laryngeal osteoma. The patient had complaints ofdysphonia for 3 years and, dyspnea for 1 month. There was a supraglottic mass filling the laryngeal lumen on indirect laryngoscopic examination. Mass was completely excised using microlaryngoscopic instruments. After the operation, the patient's complaints were completely resolved. Case reports and a review of the world literature concerning laryngeal osteoma and treatment are presented

Marital Rape

DergiPark: 379027tmsjSexual violence is defined as the act of exposing someone to a sexual behaviour without one’s consent. It includes a large spectrum of behaviours from touching to raping. The majority of the victims are women. Rape is the act of having sexual intercourse with a person without his/her consent. The concept of marital rape has been overlooked for years because of the ideology that promotes men have the right to treat their wives as they wish and the wife must provide her husband with all his needs. Today with the changes and developments in the concepts of marriage, the increase in the awareness of the society and the understanding of the notion of violence against women; it has been understood that sexual intercourse should be mutually desired by both parties of the married couple. Otherwise it should be considered as sexual assault/violenc

Valproat tedavisi alan çocuklarda serum ghrelin ve nöropeptid Y düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Tartı alımı ve obezite uzun süreli valproik asit tedavisi alan epileptik hastalarda oldukça sık rastlanan ve etyolojisi net olarak bilinmeyen bir yan etkidir. Bu çalışmada valproik asit tedavisi alan çocuklarda meydana gelen tartı alınımı ile serum ghrelin ve nöropeptid Y düzeylerinin ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya epilepsi tanısıyla takip edilen, ilk defa çocuk polikliniğimize başvuran ve sadece valproik asit tedavisi alan 25 çocuk hasta (14 erkek, 11 kız; ort. yaş 7.7±3.8; dağılım 4-12) alınmıştır. Hastalar tedavi öncesi ve tedavi başlangıcından bir yıl sonra vücut kitle indeksi, serum ghrelin ve nöropeptid Y düzeyleri bakılarak değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışma sonunda olguların %48'inde obezite gelişirken, ortalama vücut kitle indeksi ölçümlerinde artma, serum ghrelin ve nöropeptid Y düzeylerinde ise azalma gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma valproik asit tedavisi gören çocuklarda serum ghrelin ve nöropeptid Y düzeylerinde azalma olduğunu göstermiştir. Valproik asit tedavisi ile ilişkili tartı alımında etkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesinde daha uzun süreli, daha fazla hastanın katılımında kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.Objectives: Weight gain and obesity are also among the side effects of long-term valproate treatment, whose etiology remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between weight gain, serum neuropeptide Y and ghrelin levels in children taking valproate treatment. Patients and Methods: Our study included 25 epileptic children (14 males, 11 females; mean age 7.7±3.8 years; range 4 to 12 years) who were taking only valproate monotherapy at the outpatient clinics. All study participants were analyzed in terms of body mass index, serum neuropeptide Y and ghrelin levels before treatment and after a follow-up period of one year. Results: At the end of follow-up, the mean body mass index measurements increased, whereas the mean serum neuropeptide Y and ghrelin levels decreased; twelve patients (48%) gained obesity. Conclusion: This study demonstrated low serum ghrelin and neuropeptide Y levels in children receiving valproate treatment. New studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are needed to evaluate the mechanism of weight gain due to valproate treatment in this population

A Rare Case For Awareness: Metaplastic Carcinoma of Breast

DergiPark: 379065tmsjAims: Metaplastic breast carcinoma is an infrequent kind of breast carcinoma, more aggressive and has poorer prognosis than other breast carcinomas. With this case report, we aim to reveal pathologic and clinical features of the metaplastic breast carcinoma and its similarities to ductal invasive carcinoma. However its differentation is possible and should not be skipped in diagnosis. Case Report: A BIRADS category of 4c mass that measured 38x31 mm in the ultrasonography was detected in a 71-year-old female patient who applied with a complaint of a palpable mass under the right areola. The result of biopsy was interpreted morphologically as spindle cell proliferation containing necrosis. Thereafter, the mass was excised with simple mastectomy. The results of the immunohistochemical examination of the tumor with the diameter of 6 cm revealed progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor and HER2 to be negative, p63 staining to be positive. The mass was histopathologically diagnosed as metaplastic carcinoma with well differentiated squamous cell and malignant mesenchymal component (osteosarcomatous area). Conclusion: Metaplastic breast carcinoma which resembles invasive ductal carcinoma with general characteristics is differentiated from invasive ductal carcinoma with larger tumor size, less lymph node involvement, less hormone receptor positivity. In order to prevent the delay of diagnosis, invasive ductal carcinoma should be considered in the definitive diagnosis in the elderly patients. Treatment should be started immediately and followed closely because of the high risk of local recurrence

İntratorasik ekstra abdominal agresif fibromatozis

Fibröz doku kaynaklı tümörler toraksta ve mediastinumda nadir olarak görülmekte ve rapor edilmektedirler. Biz burada, agresif fibromatozisin, toraks içi dokulardan kaynaklanan nadir bir formunu bildirmek istedik. Otuz altı yaşında bayan hasta hastanemize sol göğüs ağrısı ve sıkışma hissi ile başvurdu. Çekilen PA grafi ve toraks bilgisayarlı tomografisinde, sol toraks alt kısmını üçte iki oranında dolduran dev kitle görüldü. Bunun üzerine hastaya sol yedinci interkostal aralıktan yapılan torakotomi ile geniş rezeksiyon uygulandı. Tümör patolojisi 20x15x15 cm çapında agresif fibromatozis olarak geldi. Hasta 15 aydır takip altında ve kontrollerinde yineleme görülmedi.Tumors of fibrous tissue origin (fibromatosis) in chest and mediastinum have been rarely reported in the literature. Herein, we report a rare case of aggressive fibromatosis presenting as an intrathoracic tumor. A 36-year-old woman admitted to our hospital due to a feeling of oppression and pain in the left chest. A chest X-ray, thorax computed tomography revealed a large mass filling two thirds of lower left thorax. Widely surgical resection of the tumor was performed thoracotomy via seventh intercostal space. The tumor was 20x15x15 mm in size and diagnosed pathologically as aggressive fibromatosis. The patient has been well without recurrence for 15 months after surgery

Microwave Irradiation System For a Rapid Synthesis of Non-Toxic Metallic Copper Nanoparticles From Green Tea

DergiPark: 731692trkjnatThis paper presents a rapid protocol of microwave-assisted green synthesis of non-oxidized metallic copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) extract. Following the successful biosynthesis, characterization techniques such as UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) associated with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Zeta analysis were employed to confirm the presence of metallic CuNPs and reveal their morphology. UV–vis spectrum of fabricated CuNPs indicated its characteristic maximum absorbance at 570 nm. Synthesized CuNPs were found to be round to globular in shape, with average size of 45.30 nm, and showed excellent stability without any aggregation for several months. EDX graph confirmed the highest amount of copper atoms (77.96%) along with carbon and oxygen with the percentage of 17.17% and 4.87%, respectively. The non-toxic nature of the phytosynthesized CuNPs was further established by using healthy mouse fibroblast L929 cell line, which showed their potentiality for biological research and many other applications.Bu makale, yeşil çay (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) ekstraktsiyonu kullanılarak oksitlenmemiş metalik bakır nanopartiküllerinin (CuNPs) mikrodalga destekli yeşil sentezinin hızlı bir protokolünü sunmaktadır. Başarılı biyosentezi tamamladıkten sonra, bakır nanopartiküllerin varlığını doğrulamak ve morfolojilerini ortaya çıkarmak için UV–vis absorpsiyon spektroskopi, Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızıl Ötesi Spektrometresi (FTIR), Enerji dağıtıcı X-ışını analizi (EDX) ile ilişkili Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), X-ışını Kırınımı (XRD) ve Zeta analiz gibi karakterizasyon teknikleri uygulanılmıştır. Üretilmiş CuNP’lerin UV-vis spektrumu, 570 nm’de karakteristik maksimum absorbansını göstermiştir. Sentezlenen CuNP’lerin, ortalama 45,30 nm büyüklüğünde yuvarlaktan küre şeklinde, birkaç ay boyunca herhangi bir agregasyon olmadan mükemmel stabilite sergilediği bulunmuştur. EDX grafiği, karbon ve oksijenın sırasıyla %17,17 ve %4,87’lik oranlarla birlikte en yüksek miktarda bakır atomunu (%77,96) doğrulanmıştır. Son olarak, sağlıklı fare fibroblast hücreleri (L929 hücre çizgisi) üzerindeki biyosentezlenmiş bu CuNP’lerin non-toksik özelliği doğrulanmıştır ve bu durum, bunların biyolojik araştırmaların yanı sıra geniş kapsamlı uygulamalarda potansiyellerini de göstermektedir