The Role of Gender in Preparedness and Response Behaviors towards Flood Risk in Serbia

Adverse outcomes from 2014 flooding in Serbia indicated problematic response phase management accentuated by a gender imbalance. For this reason, we investigated the risk perceptions and preparedness of women and men regarding these types of events in Serbia. Face-to-face interviews, administered to 2500 participants, were conducted across 19 of 191 municipalities. In light of the current findings, men seemed to be more confident in their abilities to cope with flooding, perceiving greater individual and household preparedness. By contrast, women displayed a deeper understanding of these events. Perhaps owing to a deeper level of understanding, women demonstrated more household-caring attitudes and behaviors and were more prone to report a willingness to help flood victims at reception centers. Emergency management agencies and land planners should account for these differences in gender awareness and preparedness. Based on these findings, doing so may increase citizen participation and shared responsibility under flood hazard scenarios

A Model of Security Management System for Transportation Systems

The Transportation Systems Sector, a sector that comprises all modes of transportation (aviation, maritime, mass transit, highway, freight rail, and pipeline), is a vast, open, interdependent networked system that moves millions of passengers and millions of tons of goods. The transportation network is critical to both our way of life and economic vitality. Ensuring its security is a mission charged to all sector partners, including governments (national, regional, local) and private industry stake-holders. Transportation systems represent an important part of critical infrastructure. The security and safety of transportation influence all other social and industrial pro-cesses. Disruption of this system causes disruptions in all other segments of social life. Specific characteristics of this system which influence its security are: easy accessibility, interconnection and vastness. Hence, the tolerance of this system to malfunctions and security and safety risks is very low. In order to achieve security and safety, along with reliability, efficiency and punctuality of these systems we need to consider applying an 40integrated approach to security and safety management systems. Like many other criti-cal infrastructure sectors, the Transportation Systems Sector faces a dynamic landscape of potential natural disasters, accidents, and terrorist attacks. The terrorist threat poses special challenges. Taken together, the risk from terrorism and other hazards demands a coordinated approach involving all sector stakeholders. Stakeholders throughout the sector have been and continue to be actively developing methods to improve their oper-ational security and overall resilience. However, since the Transportation Systems Sec-tor is segmented by individual modes, an increased emphasis is needed on a risk-based approach across the entire transportation spectrum. Security management systems, by integrating security awareness throughout the organization and verifying compliance through quality assurance, can be a significant force in achieving the highest possible level of regulatory compliance. Specific security practices, training and audit functions within a security management system should all be built so as to ensure compliance with applicable national transportation security programs. As an attempt to deal with these problems, this paper presents an integrated approach to safety and security and a model of safety and security management system for transportation organizations

Use of Armed Forces in Emergency Situation

Th e relatively predictable nature of international relations has changed, and today’s strategic planners must take into consideration a large number of related security issues starting primarily from globalization as the dominant process in the international community. Faced with new challenges and threats, the post-modern society is obliged to make some changes of military missions from classical towards non-traditional missions for preservation and building of peace and its use in its own territory as a complement to civilian resources in cases of various crisis situations. Inevitably the question is what new asymmetric security challenges brought and where they settled Army as a pillar of national internal and external security. Th e new security reality also brings about a higher degree of interdependence between civilian andmilitary actors.Th ese changes result in a phenomenon that might be called a post-modern paradox – connecting and distancing of the armed forces from the society. And as the fi rst is caused by the mixing of internal and external security risks, and by increasing cooperation between military and civilian institutions, the second segment is caused by inevitable professionalization of the army and its transition to international missions. Th e given situation Charles Moskos represents in the following way “the perceptions of threats and opportunities presented in the light of the international situation shaped by military forces, military missions, and the relationship of the military in society.”Th e wave of migrants, as a result of the war in the Middle East, has opened the Balkan route as the main entrance of migrants to Western Europe. Large infl ux of migrants, imposed this issue as fi rst-class security problem, which caused strain of all resources of the state at the specifi ed route and the involvement of the army in its peacetime mission assistance to civil authorities in emergencies. Th is fact showed that the army, with its organization, status, reputation, resources represents the pillar of the existence of internal security.Starting with the request that the army should have the ability to ensure compatibility with civil factors within the overall national security forces, modular military structure for missions in emergencies can be an option for adequate response

Višekanalno učenje za obuku medicinskog osoblja u Vojsci Srbije

The evaluation results led us to the conclusion that the persons participating in the survey are well skilled in using smart devices and they mostly do not have any problems to access courses during the evaluation period. Check lists should be used as much as possible and in combination with other types of content. For instance, the topics ABCD procedures, Injury detection and first aid care, and Transportation of an injured person are appropriate for this change. Likert scaled survey designed for the course evaluation and evaluation of each topic brought successful results. Regardless of the heterogeneous structure of 82 users (13.4% female, 23% higher education, medical personnel together with others from different branches and services) the results give us insight and motivation for future development. Moreover, the users think that the enhanced course accessibility (deliverable anywhere at any time) could increase their self-confidence on the terrain as both versions (desktop and mobile) are deliverable

Household supplies for natural disaster: factor of influence on the possession of supplies

Purpose –The paper presents the results of the quantitative research of the impact of certain factors on household possession of supplies necessary for the survival of the consequences of natural disasters.Design/methodology/approach – Quantitative research was conducted by using a survey strategy in households with the use of a multi-stage random sample. The first step, which was related to the primary sampling units, included selection of parts of the community for conducting research. The second step, which was related to research cores, included selection of streets or parts of streets at the level of primary sampling units, and finally a selection of households for surveying 2500 citizens in 19 local communities.Findings –It was found that only 24.6% of the respondents have supplies, while 61.5% have no supplies for surviving natural disasters. On the other hand, 37.2% of the respondents possess supplies of food for 4 days, while only 12% have supplies of food for 1 day. It was found that 17.6% of the respondents have a transistor radio, 40% a flashlight, 40.6% a shovel, 25.8% a hack, 33.6% hoe and spade, and 13.2% a fire extinguisher. The results of the inferential statistical analyses show that there is a statistically significant influenceof gender, education, marital status, parenthood, employment, income level, level of religiosity, completed military service on having supplies to survive the consequences of natural disasters. On the other hand, there was no influence of previous experiences on having supplies. Originality/value –research results allow the design of strategies aimed at raising the level of preparedness of households for natural disasters with regard to their supplies

The state of security of today’s world after 70 years of the United Nations

At a time when the United Nations mark 70 years of its existence, when the leaders of the 193 member states of this world organization adopted, with a lot of faith, a transformative 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the world is faced with many difficult challenges to security. Effective indicators of contemporary international security, as well as the challenges, risks and threats that reflect it, show that the security of the modern world has been jeopardized, directly or indirectly, in the highest possible degree, since the end of the Second World War. That is why there is increasing importance of the United Nations, which, with all its drawbacks over the past seventy years, have represented the best model of multilateral cooperation in the field of security and without whose existence the world would have much larger international problems. The efforts this organization makes with the aim to protect and establish peace in the world must be respected, and the contents of the UN General Assembly resolution 59/565 A of 2004, devoted to threats to the international security, should be seen in that light as well

Uloga Savske komisije u unapređivanju bezbednosti u jugoistočnoj Evropi

The International Sava River Basin Commission (ISBRC) or Sava Commission is an international organization that has been established for the purpose of the implementation of the Framework Agreement on the Sava River Basin (FASRB) to reach the following goals: establishment of an international regime of navigation on the Sava River, establishment of sustainable water management and undertaking of measures to prevent or limit hazards and hazard related consequences, including those from floods, ice hazards, droughts and accidents involving hazardous substances. In the civil security area the ISRBC activities are mostly related to the information and data exchange between the Parties, including activities aimed at creating basis for implementing the EU Floods Directive. The area of the ISRBC work primarily includes prevention and preparedness aspects of the crisis cycle management.Međunarona komisija za sliv reke Save (The International Sava River Basin Commission - ISBRC) ili Savska komisija predstavlja međunarodnu organizaciju koja je osnovana radi sprovođenja Okvirnog sporazuma o slivu reke Save (the Framework Agreement on the Sava River Basin - FASRB) kako bi se postigli sledeći ciljevi: uspostavljanje međunarodnog režima plovidbe rekom Savom, uspostavljanje održivog upravljanja vodama i preduzimanje mera za sprečavanje opasnosti i njihovih posledica, uključujući opsnosti od poplave, leda, suše i akcidenata sa opasnim materijama. U oblasti civilne bezbednosti, aktivnosti Savske komisije uglavnom su vezane za razmenu informacija i podataka između zemalja potpisnica, uključujući i aktivnosti na stvaranju osnove za primenu Direktive EU o poplavama. Delatnost Komisije uglavnom je vezana za preventivne i pripremne aspekte kriznog menadžmenta

Primena GIS tehnologija u zaštiti prirodnih potencijala i strategiji prostornog planiranja NP Tara (Srbija) kao potencijalnog UNESCO MAB rezervata

Mt. Tara NP was nominated in 2004 within the UNESCO - ROSTE programme, for Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Reserve status in Serbia as transboundary 'Peace Park' status between Serbia and Bosnia & Herzegovina. Mt. Tara is one of the most important centres of Balkans and European ecosystems and species diversity. They represent a unique example of well preserved forests in south eastern Europe with numerous endemic and relict species of flora and fauna. In this floristic diversity of Mt Tara of the greatest interest is the Serbian (Pančić's) spruce Picea omorika. Mt. Tara NP is characterized by specific geomorphologic, hydrologic, geologic, soil and climatic features. The geographical information system (GIS) that we have created has proved an excellent tool for the spatial planning strategy in assessment and conservation of all natural characteristics of Mt. Tara NP, and is helpful to Park management for sustainable use of landscape resources. GIS of Mt. Tara NP includes data on natural, artificial and management themes.Deo planine Tara je status Nacionalnog parka dobio 1981. godine. Polovinom 2004. godine NP Tara je renominovan u okviru UNESCO-ROSTE programa čovek i biosfera (MAB) za budući Rezervat biosfere i transgranični Park mira između Srbije i Bosne i Hercegovine. Planinski kompleks Tara predstavlja jedan od najznačajnijih centara specijskog i ekosistemskog diverziteta Balkana i Evrope. Tara predstavlja jedinstven primer dobro očuvanih šuma na prostoru Jugoistočne Evrope sa brojnim endemičnim i reliktnim vrstama flore i faune. Svakako da poseban pečat florističkom diverzitetu Tare daje endemo-reliktna vrsta Pančićeve omorike Picea omorika. Osim biotičke komponente specifične geomorfološke, hidrološke, geološke, pedološke i klimatološke karakteristike, prostoru Tare takođe daju sveukupne visoke prirodne vrednosti. Geografski informacioni system (GIS) koji smo kreirali predstavlja izvanredan alat za izradu savremene strategije prostornog plana ovog područja, kao i alat za valorizaciju i zaštitu svih prirodnih vrednosti NP Tara. GIS NP Tara istovremeno predstavlja savremen i nezaobilazan alat za upravljanje Parkom i održivo korišćenje njegovih prirodnih resursa. Sadržaji GIS NP Tara uključuju prirodne, antropogene i upravljačke atribute

Procena rizika od elementarnih nepogoda i drugih nesreća u Republici Srbiji - metodološki osvrt

One of the most serious challenges of modern society is the lack of awareness of the presence of various dangers and possibilities of influencing them. Each community takes various measures and activities to assess the degree of their vulnerability tending to a state free from danger. As the most complex part, risk assessment requires a systematic approach to identifying and analyzing hazards based on the application of appropriate criteria for calculating the level of risk presented in this paper. Each risk assessment methodology must be adapted to the context of risk assessment. For this reason, the methodology for risk assessment of natural and other disasters is an attempt to establish basic requirements and criteria for risk assessment in the field of emergency management. Due to the complexity and unpredictability of natural and technological hazards that threaten people, material resources and the environment, risk assessment methodology includes risk mapping and assessment of combinations of risks - multi-risk, as well as a cross-border dimension of risk.Jedan od najozbiljnijih izazova savremenog društva jeste nedostatak svesti o prisustvu različitih opasnosti i mogućnostima uticaja na njih. U težnji ka stanju oslobođenom opasnosti svaka društvena zajednica preduzima razne mere i aktivnosti da proceni stepen svoje ugroženosti. Kao najsloženiji deo procene ugroženosti, procena rizika zahteva sistematičan pristup u identifikovanju i analizi opasnosti, zasnovan na primeni odgovarajućih kriterijuma za izračunavanje nivoa rizika prikazanih u ovom radu. Svaka metodologija za procenu rizika mora se prilagoditi kontekstu procene rizika. Iz tog razloga, metodologija za procenu rizika od elementarnih nepogoda i drugih nesreća predstavlja pokušaj da se uspostave osnovni zahtevi i kriterijumi za procenu rizika u sferi upravljanja u vanrednim situacijama. Zbog kompleksnosti i nepredvidivosti prirodnih i tehničko-tehnoloških opasnosti koje ugrožavaju ljude, materijalna dobra i životnu sredinu, metodologijom procene rizika je obuhvaćena i izrada mapa rizika, procena kombinacija rizika - multirizika, kao i prekogranična dimenzija rizika

Metodološki i politički izazovi u proučavanju kriza i katastrofa

Since ancient times, people have dealt with crises and disasters, and tried to avoid these events and mitigate and minimize their consequences. Over the time, the concept of crisis is developed, but the crisis management concept as a product of the XX century. The authors present the theoretical sources of crisis management and anlyse crisis as a theoretical problem and a challenge for research. Special attention is given to the observation of the crisis in the political context, giving the possible theoretical and methodological framework for the study of crises and disaster. Public management in crisis and disaster management is becoming increasingly important and essential task of contemporary society. By the fact that it represents a serious threat to the structure of political or safety systems, the management crisis involves the strategic knowledge, prediction and control of the uncertain situation at all levels.Od najstarijih vremena ljudi su se susretali sa krizama i katastrofama i pokušavali da ove događaje izbegnu i njihove posledice ublaže i umanje. Tokom vremena je razvijen koncept krize, ali je krizni menadžment kao koncept proizvod HH veka. Autori prezentuju teorijske izvore kriznog menadžmenta i razmatraju krizu kao teorijski problem i izazov za istraživanje. Posebna pažnja se posvećuje posmatranju krize u političkom kontekstu. Daje se i mogući teorijsko metodološki okvir za istraživanje kriza i katastrofa. Javna uprava danas ima sve značajniji zadatak da upravljanje u kriznim situacijama katastrofama koje predstavljaju ozbiljnu pretnju strukturi političkih ili bezbednost sistema, tako da upravljanje krizama podrazumeva strateško znanje, predviđanje i kontrolu nad neizvesnim situacijama na svim nivoima