Household Poverty: Addressing the Core of Microfinance

Few studies on microfinance have delved on its development from the household perspective as it relates to poverty alleviation. This Policy Notes focuses on this aspect and comes up with the revealing observation that there is virtually no difference in the extent of poverty between male- and female-headed households. This finding has a strong implication on the current thrust of mainly targeting poverty alleviation programs for female-headed households and should lead planners to explore other indicators that may improve the effectiveness of poverty alleviation programs.microfinance, poverty alleviation, gender, poverty measures, households, community-oriented financial intermediary (COFI)

Industry Poverty Alleviation and Development in Continuous Destitute Areas: Based on the Status Analysis of the Wuling Mountains Region

As an effective way of poverty alleviation, the poverty alleviation through industry plays an important role in China’s poverty alleviation and development career. After years of poverty alleviation and development, the industry poverty alleviation in Wuling Mountains has obtained certain achievements, but it still has some problems, such as unreasonable industrial structure, the limit of poverty alleviation’s leading ability and so on. Based on the case study of the Wuling Mountains, this paper analyzes present situation and reasons of the industry poverty alleviation of the region, and puts forward some suggestions for poverty alleviation, such as strengthening regional government coordination, making the special advantage industries bigger and stronger, establishing demonstration zone of industry poverty alleviation, fostering leading enterprises vigorously and so on, which can provide decision support for the government at all levels to innovate the model of poverty alleviation and win the battle for the poverty alleviation in the new period

Basic Strategies For The Role Of Indonesian Central-local Government In Poverty Alleviation Programs

One consequence of Indonesian fiscal decentralization and regional autonomy is that local governments now have more responsibility to more participate in poverty alleviation programs. Providing better access for local public goods and services is one possible action from local governments in national poverty alleviation programs. This paper tries to propose a basic strategy for the role of Indonesian central-local government in poverty alleviation program that may proper to be implemented within the framework of Indonesian new government system after fiscal decentralization and regional autonomy. One important strategy proposed is role sharing and role switching between central and local governments in designing and implementing market and public-oriented policies. Since the stronger-need participation of local government in poverty alleviation may put local government’s fiscal condition in problem, the objective of wealth-neutral condition does need an appropriate cost-sharing system that will lead to the more financial and political fairness between Indonesian central and local government.poverty alleviation, decentralization, Indonesia

Analysis on the Trading Path of Carbon Emission Rights of Village-level Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation Power Stations in China

Photovoltaic poverty alleviation is a pioneering initiative in the organic combination of China’s poverty alleviation and new energy development. As a landmark project of China’s targeted poverty alleviation, it is characterized with rapid effects, steady profits, precise poverty alleviation and environmental-friendliness. Developing the photovoltaic poverty alleviation power station project into a greenhouse gas emission reduction project that meets the national requirements is not only an innovative measure to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and continuously promote rural revitalization, but also an effective way to practice green and low-carbon development and promote “Carbon Peak•Carbon Neutrality”. Based on the summaries and analysis of the development of China’s photovoltaic poverty alleviation and carbon trading market and the situation of carbon emission trading pilot, this paper sorts out the relevant policies of poverty alleviation’s participation in carbon trading, studies the participation mode and trading process of village-level photovoltaic poverty alleviation power station, scientifically calculates the additional economic benefits brought by Chinese Certified Emission Reduction (CCER) trading for village-level photovoltaic poverty alleviation power station, and puts forward some policy recommendations on rationally optimizing carbon trading procedures and improving work efficiency. Keywords: Photovoltaic poverty alleviation, Carbon market, Carbon trading, Implementation path DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/11-5-01 Publication date:June 30th 202

Transforming Uncertainties into Risks and Poverty Alleviation: Lessons Learnt from the Successful Rescuing of Miners in Chile

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to suggest how the Chilean model used to rescue the 33 miners trapped underground, can be used to accelerate the development of new means for poverty alleviation mainly in developing economies. For that, the Chilean model is described and analyzed within the framework of uncertainty and risk with emphasis on the success of all operations, under time constraints. The attained results underline that this “point in time” process can be used to extract poor individuals and households and sustain their inclusion in normal economic and social activities. But, this is conditioned on the development of further participative research-actions, innovations and monitoring processes applied to multiple small scales, well localized and targeted poverty alleviation projectsUncertainty, risks, miners, Chili, poverty alleviation

Mapping the Spatial Deprivation of Pakistan

Geographical targeting may be a viable way to allocate resources for poverty alleviation in developing countries. Efficiency can be increased, and leakages to the nonpoor reduced substantially, by targeting needy areas. A national and regional database of substantial poverty maps or deprivation indices are not readily available in Pakistan. Further, existing activities of poverty alleviation are carried out on ad hoc basis in the absence of identified pockets of poverty. This paper presents indices of multiple deprivations based on the 1998 Population and Housing Census data. Possible applications of this exercise include identifying areas of need, making decisions on regional and sectoral priorities, facilitating targeted public interventions through special poverty alleviation programmes, understanding the relationship between poverty and its causes, and helping federal and provincial governments in determining financial awards.

Equity and Policy Effectiveness with Imperfect Targeting

We propose a general cost-of-inequality approach that jointly integrates horizontal and vertical equity criteria in the assessment of poverty alleviation programs, with the strength of each criterion being captured through its own inequity-aversion parameter. This contrasts with the assessment of poverty alleviation programs done with simple under-coverage and leakage ratios or with other methods that do not take into account the heterogeneity of the poor and that do not address directly the social benefits of achieving normative criteria. Our methodology is illustrated using Tunisian data and two alternative poverty alleviation policies. We find inter alia that the social ranking of commodity and socio-demographic targeting in Tunisia depends on the policymaker's comparative preference for vertical and horizontal equity.Poverty, Vertical Equity, Horizontal Inequity, Transfers, Targeting, Tunisia

The achievements and experiences of poverty alleviation in rural China:

"In its pursuit of poverty alleviation and development, China has charted its own path, suitable for its own conditions. This path involves government leadership, social participation, self-reliance, an orientation toward economic development, and an integrated development approach... Although China has made enormous progress in poverty alleviation and development, it still faces many problems. To address these problems, the Chinese government will increase support for poverty-stricken regions and impoverished people and continually improve the mechanisms of poverty alleviation according to its pace of economic and social development. It will also pay attention to needy groups that emerge from economic structural adjustment and will promote the capacity for sustainable development among poor people and regions through investments in infrastructure and human capital." from TextChina, Asia, Poverty reduction, Public investment, Government policy,