The Evolution of Open Access

The Open Access landscape is changing rapidly. With the OSTP’s “Nelson Memo” mandating public access without embargo for all federally funded research by 2026, we can expect significant shifts in the research publishing ecosystem. It is in this wider context that the Dartmouth Libraries decided to shift strategies in funding Open Access, including the long-standing APC Fund. In this workshop, we cover questions about these shifts including the advance of different Open Access policies and public access mandates, the way publishers have adapted their models, the values that inform the Libraries’ public access strategy, and the continued support available for faculty who wish to publish Open Access. The Libraries’ commitment to open and public access remains robust

Open access increases citations of papers in ecology

Open access (OA) can effectively increase the accessibility and visibility of scientific articles and thus potentially confer them with citation advantages. Such an impact may be more pronounced in developing countries where the cost for journal subscription is comparably expensive and usually unaffordable. By comparing one OA article with one non‐OA article published in the same issue, we tested the impact of OA on citation advantages of articles published in 46 ecology journals indexed in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR). We compared OA to non‐OA articles published in the same issue of these journals, thereby controlling for potentially confounding effects of publication requirement and period. OA articles received significantly more citations than non‐OA articles, and this citation advantage of approximately one citation per year was sustained across publication years from 2009 to 2013. The OA citation advantage did not depend upon income of the country of origin of the citing scientists, and the OA citation advantage was found for citing scientists from North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania, but not for Latin America. A total of 10 countries contributed more than 1000 citations each, and the OA citation advantage was found in all the 10 countries except Canada. Therefore, in ecology journals OA confers articles with citation advantages and such an impact accumulates with years and independent of the economic status of the countries. This information may guide decisions of scientific societies, journals, and individual authors as they weigh the relative costs and benefits of open electronic accessibility of scientific research

The 3rd SPARC Japan Seminar 2016 "Future Standard Infrastructure Supporting Creation of Scientific Knowledge: Reconsidering Open Science" Open Science in a European Perspective Presentation Material

第3回 SPARC Japan セミナー2016「科学的知識創成の新たな標準基盤へ向けて : オープンサイエンス再考」 開催場所：国立情報学研究所 12階 1208,1210会議室 日時：2017年2月14日（火）10:30-17:20conference objec

Librarians Versus the Machine: Leveraging Faculty Relationships to Increase Open Access Participation

Conference presentation, paper to follow.Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) wanted to determine how liaison librarian intervention affected faculty participation in an Open Access (OA) Policy as compared to generic communication by the Library’s Center for Digital Scholarship (CDS). Liaison guidance for the OA policy participation was piloted with promising results in the School of Nursing. Using the pilot as a model, a working group was formed to determine how liaison librarians should be involved in the new, faculty-adopted OA Policy. Based on the Harvard Model, the OA Policy followed an opt-out style, meaning that scholarly output is included by default unless the author explicitly chooses not to contribute. Successful open access policy implementations at other universities show that author participation increases when library staff and faculty help to design and deploy the service. The charter group tested a workflow designed by the CDS, and offered guidance for refining this workflow and related OA services. During this trial period, faculty participation rates from the sample liaison group and the CDS were tracked and compared, which determined that librarian relationships with faculty members did result in higher participation rates.n/

Implementing the IUPUI Open Access Policy

This presentation was given at the 2016 Statewide Libraries Day Program at the IUPUI Campus Center. The event was held on May 20, 2016. This presentation took place from 9:00AM-9:50AM EST in Room 308 of the Campus Center. Speakers were Shannon Bahler, Lisa Calvert, and Jere Odell.On October 7, 2014, the IUPUI Faculty Council adopted an open access policy. The IUPUI faculty have retained their rights to the final manuscript of scholarly articles. The faculty have also given the library permission to archive these articles in the institutional repository, IUPUI ScholarWorks. As with most "Harvard-model" OA policies, faculty members are free to opt out at the article level without explanation. Likewise, waivers from the policy's rights retention clause are provided to any publisher that requires them. In this panel presentation we describe how the library has implemented this policy on the IUPUI campus. In specific we focus on four aspects of the policy implementation: 1) the outreach strategy; 2) the article identification/notification workflow; 3) the deposit workflow; and 4) the evolving role of liaisons in supporting the OA policy. Currently, the results of this multifaceted implementation strategy include: more than 1,400 new submissions to IUPUI ScholarWorks, increased compliance with federal public access policies, and more faculty interest in self-archiving

The 3rd SPARC Japan Seminar 2016 "Future Standard Infrastructure Supporting Creation of Scientific Knowledge: Reconsidering Open Science" Open Science in a European Perspective Document

The 3rd SPARC Japan Seminar 2016 "Future Standard Infrastructure Supporting Creation of Scientific Knowledge: Reconsidering Open Science" Place：National Institute of Informatics, 12F 1208 & 1210 Conference Room Date&Time：February 14, 2017 / 10:30－17:20conference objec

Knowledge sharing in global health research : the impact, uptake and cost of open access to scholarly literature

Background: In 1982, the Annals of Virology published a paper showing how Liberia has a highly endemic potential of Ebola warning health authorities of the risk for potential outbreaks; this journal is only available by subscription. Limiting the accessibility of such knowledge may have reduced information propagation toward public health actors who were indeed surprised by and unprepared for the 2014 epidemic. Open access (OA) publication can allow for increased access to global health research (GHR). Our study aims to assess the use, cost and impact of OA diffusion in the context of GHR. Method: A total of 3366 research articles indexed under the Medical Heading Subject Heading “Global Health” published between 2010 and 2014 were retrieved using PubMed to (1) quantify the uptake of various types of OA, (2) estimate the article processing charges (APCs) of OA, and (3) analyse the relationship between different types of OA, their scholarly impact and gross national income per capita of citing countries. Results: Most GHR publications are not available directly on the journal’s website (69%). Further, 60.8% of researchers do not self-archive their work even when it is free and in keeping with journal policy. The total amount paid for APCs was estimated at US$1.7 million for 627 papers, with authors paying on average US$2732 per publication; 94% of APCs were paid to journals owned by the ten most prominent publication houses from high-income countries. Researchers from low- and middle-income countries are generally citing less expensive types of OA, while researchers in high-income countries are citing the most expensive OA. Conclusions: Although OA may help in building global research capacity in GHR, the majority of publications remain subscription only. It is logical and cost-efficient for institutions and researchers to promote OA by selfarchiving publications of restricted access, as it not only allows research to be cited by a broader audience, it also augments citation rates. Although OA does not ensure full knowledge transfer from research to practice, limiting public access can negatively impact implementation and outcomes of health policy and reduce public understanding of health issues

Open Access Publishing: What Authors Want

Campus-based open access author funds are being considered by many academic libraries as a way to support authors publishing in open access journals. Article processing fees for open access have been introduced recently by publishers and have not yet been widely accepted by authors. Few studies have surveyed authors on their reasons for publishing open access and their perceptions of open access journals. The present study was designed to gauge the uptake of library support for author funding and author satisfaction with open access publishing. Results indicate that York University authors are increasingly publishing in open access journals and are appreciative of library funding initiatives. The wider implications of open access are discussed along with specific recommendations for publishers

Toward transparency of hybrid open access through publisher-provided metadata: An article-level study of Elsevier

With the growth of open access (OA), the financial flows in scholarly journal publishing have become increasingly complex, but comprehensive data on and transparency of these flows are still lacking. The opacity is especially concerning for hybrid OA, where subscription-based journals publish individual articles as OA if an optional fee is paid. This study addresses the lack of transparency by leveraging Elsevier article metadata and provides the first publisher-level study of hybrid OA uptake and invoicing. Our results show that Elsevier's hybrid OA uptake has grown steadily but slowly from 2015 to 2019, doubling the number of hybrid OA articles published per year and increasing the share of OA articles in Elsevier's hybrid journals from 2.6 to 3.7% of all articles. Further, we find that most hybrid OA articles were invoiced directly to authors, followed by articles invoiced through agreements with research funders, institutions, or consortia, with only a few funding bodies driving hybrid OA uptake. As such, our findings point to the role of publishing agreements and OA policies in hybrid OA publishing. Our results further demonstrate the value of publisher-provided metadata to improve the transparency in scholarly publishing