Teens and Sexting

Presents findings from a survey of 12- to 17-year-olds on trends in and attitudes toward "sexting" -- the use of cell phones to create, share, and forward sexually suggestive nude or nearly nude images. Considers implications and parents' roles

Wicked, Hard and Supple: An Examination of Suzanne Valadon's Nude Drawings of Young Maurice

This article examines the nude drawings Suzanne Valadon made of her young son, Maurice Utrillo. These drawings, depicting Utrillo from late childhood until adolescence, began Valadon's interest in the male nude, which she carried into her later career. Though children appeared often in her work, the drawings of Utrillo are complicated by the relationship between the artist and subject.Publisher allows immediate open acces

The disintegrin echistatin in combination with doxorubicin targets high-metastatic human osteosarcoma overexpressing ανβ3 integrin in chick embryo and nude mouse models.

Echistatin, a cyclic RGD peptide, which is an antagonist of αvβ3 integrin (disintegrin), inhibited human osteosarcoma in the chick chorioallontoic membrane (CAM) model and tumor growth and pulmonary metastases in a nude mouse orthotopic model. A high-metastatic variant of human osteosarcoma, 143B-LM4, overexpressing αvβ3 integrin was used. Tumor angiogenesis by high-metastatic variant 143B-LM4 cells in the CAM was significantly inhibited by echistatin (P<0.05) as was overall growth. A doxorubicin (DOX)-echistatin combination inhibited orthotopic tumor growth compared to untreated control (P<0.01) or DOX alone (P<0.05) in nude mice. Tumor-bearing mice treated with the DOX-echistatin combination survived longer than those treated with DOX alone or control PBS (P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). Echistatin also inhibited experimental lung metastasis of 143B-LM4 cells in nude mice. These results suggest that DOX in combination with a disintegrin has potential to treat osteosarcoma and that αvβ3 integrin may be a target for osteosarcoma

Establishment of a patient-derived orthotopic Xenograft (PDOX) model of HER-2-positive cervical cancer expressing the clinical metastatic pattern.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, highly prevalent in the developing world, is often metastatic and treatment resistant with no standard treatment protocol. Our laboratory pioneered the patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model with the technique of surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI). Unlike subcutaneous transplant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, PDOX models metastasize. Most importantly, the metastasis pattern correlates to the patient. In the present report, we describe the development of a PDOX model of HER-2-positive cervical cancer. Metastasis after SOI in nude mice included peritoneal dissemination, liver metastasis, lung metastasis as well as lymph node metastasis reflecting the metastatic pattern in the donor patient. Metastasis was detected in 4 of 6 nude mice with primary tumors. Primary tumors and metastases in the nude mice had histological structures similar to the original tumor and were stained by an anti-HER-2 antibody in the same pattern as the patient's cancer. The metastatic pattern, histology and HER-2 tumor expression of the patient were thus preserved in the PDOX model. In contrast, subcutaneous transplantation of the patient's cervical tumors resulted in primary growth but not metastasis

Exposing the human nude phenotype [4]

Peer reviewedSubmitted Versio

Temozolomide and Pazopanib Combined with FOLFOX Regressed a Primary Colorectal Cancer in a Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft Mouse Model.

PurposeThe goal of the present study was to determine the efficacy of temozolomide (TEM) and pazopanib (PAZ) combined with FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil) on a colorectal cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model.Materials and methodsA colorectal cancer tumor from a patient previously established in non-transgenic nude mice was implanted subcutaneously in transgenic green fluorescence protein (GFP)-expressing nude mice in order to label the tumor stromal cells with GFP. Then labeled tumors were orthotopically implanted into the cecum of nude mice. Mice were randomized into four groups: Group 1, untreated control; group 2, TEM + PAZ; group 3, FOLFOX; group 4, TEM + PAZ plus FOLFOX. Tumor width, length, and mouse body weight were measured weekly. The Fluor Vivo imaging System was used to image the GFP-lableled tumor stromal cells in vivo. H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining were used for histological analysis.ResultsAll three treatments inhibited tumor growth as compared to the untreated control group. The combination of TEM + PAZ + FOLFOX regressed tumor growth significantly more effectively than TEM + PAZ or FOLFOX. Only the combination of TEM + PAZ + FOLFOX group caused a decrease in body weight. PAZ suppressed lymph vessels density in the colorectal cancer PDOX mouse model suggesting inhibition of lymphangiogenesis.ConclusionOur results suggest that the combination of TEM + PAZ + FOLFOX has clinical potential for colorectal cancer patient

What are Little Boys Made Of, Made of? Victorian Art and the Formation of Gender

Given that educators increasingly have to integrate social and moral education within the general curriculum, this paper considers ways in which the visual arts may or may not be a useful resource for challenging the stereotypical preconceptions about gender and sexual identity held by many people in a post-industrial, intercultural society. Focusing on Tate Britain’s inaugural exhibition for the opening of its new galleries, ‘Exposed: the Victorian Nude’, the paper examines a selection of artefacts that are assumed to represent the sexual mores of Britain at a pivotal time in the construction of its national identity. With reference to the social history of art and feminist theoretical ‘interventions’, the exhibits are analysed as possible evidence of the Victorians’ ‘skills, beliefs and values about sexual relationships, identity and intimacy’ the lifelong study of which provides the Sex Education Forum (1997:1) with a definition of sex education. Subsequently two questions are posed: firstly, what does the exhibition’s selection and hang say about contemporary beliefs? Secondly, can historical artworks be constructively used with young people (post-16) as a catalyst for discussion of sex, gender and sexuality

Studies on mechanisms of augmentation of liver regeneration by cyclosporine and FK 506

Evidence could not be found of immune modulation of liver regeneration. The powerful immunosuppressive drug FK 506, which augments the response after partial hepatectomy in normal rats, had the same effect in T cell—deficient nude rats. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in treated nude rats was not significantly changed by FK 506 therapy. However, the serum of FK 506—treated nude rats increased hepatocyte proliferation when added to third‐party hepatocyte cultures, suggesting that FK 506 had induced a serum growth factor in the nude rats or had suppressed an inhibitory factor. A hypothesis was advanced that FK 506 (and cyclosporine) affects hepatic growth by nonimmunological pathways. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:140–143.) Copyright © 1991 American Association for the Study of Liver Disease

Efficacy of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R in combination with anti-angiogenesis therapy on a pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) and cell line mouse models.

The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R treatment following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy on VEGF-positive human pancreatic cancer. A pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) that was VEGF-positive and an orthotopic VEGF-positive human pancreatic cancer cell line (MiaPaCa-2-GFP) as well as a VEGF-negative cell line (Panc-1) were tested. Nude mice with these tumors were treated with gemcitabine (GEM), bevacizumab (BEV), and S. typhimurium A1-R. BEV/GEM followed by S. typhimurium A1-R significantly reduced tumor weight compared to BEV/GEM treatment alone in the PDOX and MiaPaCa-2 models. Neither treatment was as effective in the VEGF-negative model as in the VEGF-positive models. These results demonstrate that S. typhimurium A1-R following anti-angiogenic therapy is effective on pancreatic cancer including the PDOX model, suggesting its clinical potential

The syntax of slavic predicate case

In this article I provide a syntactic framework for case patterns found in Slavic secondary predicates