Mix Design Metode Sksni Menggunakan Material Agregat Kasar Dan Halus Dengan Berat Jenis Rendah

Beton sangat terpengaruh oleh bahan dasarnya yaitu Semen, Agregat Kasar, Agregat Halus dan Air. Duadekade terakhir, telah dikembangkan jenis bahan tambah (admixtures dan additives) untuk meningkatkan kinerja betonuntuk semakin lebih mudah dikerjakan, lebih cepat atu lebih tinggi mutunya. Untuk mencapai kekuatan atau mutu betontertentu diharuskan menyusun mix design. Mix design yang baik adalah memeriksa setiap unsur material

Natural Stone Waste Powders Applied to SCC Mix Design

In order to comply with current trends concerning sustainability, saving of primary materials and energy\ud savings, this paper addresses Eco-concrete. The major focus thereby is on the increased efficiency of cement\ud use. Applying a new mix design method for concrete, cement contents can be decreased and partially be substituted\ud by other fine powders, preferentially by waste powders which have no mass application so far. This\ud paper is giving examples of successfully introduced waste powders and characterizes the concretes produced\ud with these powders. These innovative, low cement concrete types obtain medium strength and exhibit furthermore\ud self-compacting abilities. This paper additionally highlights possibilities for the direct use of natural\ud stone sludges or filter cakes. A new grading based design method, developed in the authors’ research\ud group, enables the efficient use of all materials available. The method is applicable to self-compacting concretes,\ud earth-moist concretes and conventionally vibrated concretes

Asphalt Mix Design and performance

Premature flexible pavement distress became a major concern in Indiana. As a result, a study was conducted investigating the major underlying factors. Pavement sections were investigated based on a factorial study with four factors comprised of climate, truck traffic, pavement base type, and wheel path. The distresses evaluated were rutting, thermal cracking and stripping. All were evaluated against control sections with zero distress. The pavement condition of each section was determined. Laboratory tests of field sample included physical properties, dynamic creep and recompaction. Results of the study indicate that the Asphalt Institute mix design criteria identify an asphalt content that is too high. In place densities were found to be inadequate and a recommendation was made to use higher field compactive effort. The USAE Gyratory Testing Machine (GTM) was used in laboratory studies to recompact density and air voids. Testing confirm that the in situ asphalt content was too high. Gap graded gradations were found to be prone to rutting. Benefit is shown in using dynamic modulus to evaluate mixtures. A statistical analysis method, discriminate analysis, was used to accurately predict mixture field performance using laboratory data

Mix Design of Cementitious Basecourse

Selecting stabilisation mix designs for basecourse materials to provide adequate resistance against damage under traffic and environmental loading is important in maximizing the life of a pavement. Cement stabilised pavements are unique materials that they exist at the border between structural soil and conventional concrete. The pavement layer are typically roller-compacted and thus require sufficient water content to achieve compaction but at the same time also requires water sufficient for cement hydration and workability with a grader. A literature review combined with simple tests are undertaken to determine fit for purpose design mix, i.e. a compaction test to ascertain the optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum modified dry density (MMDD) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test. The tests showed that the MMDD for the material at various cement content are a constant, and a fit for purpose design chart can be developed based on the water and cement content. The OMC for compaction of cement treated basecourse is the OMC of the parent material + 0.25% for every 1% in cement content. This relationship between water content and cement content runs parallel to the minimum water required for effective hydration to take place, i.e. a w/c ratio of 0.25

Evaluation of Malaysian asphaltic concrete mixture using superpave and marshall mix design method

Rapid development of road infrastructure in Malaysia has led to better researched of asphaltic concrete mixtures. Currently, the conventional Marshall method is widely used to design flexible pavement with bituminous surfacing as wearing course in Malaysia. In 1987 to 1993, strategic highway research program (SHRP) developed a new concept for the design of asphaltic mixtures referred to as Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement (Superpave). This evolvement has certainly improved the asphaltic concrete mixtures especially in terms of the compaction mode. In this study, four different types of mix that meet both Superpave and Malaysian gradation limits were developed and designed using both Superpave and Marshall method. Specimens from both types of mix were also prepared at the optimum asphalt contents. The specimens were also subjected to moisture induced damage test and Indirect Tensile Strength test. Volumetric analyses of the mixes showed that the optimum asphalt content and voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) of the Superpave mixtures is lower than Marshall mixtures. An average of 30 and 20 percent increment in tensile strength is evident for Superpave mixtures conducted for 12.5mm and 9.5mm mixtures compared to Marshall designed mix. However, all mixtures are able to resist deterioration due to moistur

Mix Design for a Concrete Canoe

Each year the American Society of Civil Engineers sponsors a concrete canoe competition. This paper details the work performed by Ryan Christensen for the 2006 concrete canoe competition. His primary focus was on formulating a concrete mix to be used for the Utah State University canoe. Basic information regarding the building and design of concrete canoes is also presented. Finally, general competition results for 2006 are presented for the Utah State University canoe team

Integrating Quality Assurance in Balance Mix Designs for Durable Asphalt Mixtures: State-Of-The-Art Literature Review

Delivering durable asphalt concrete within a reasonable cost is one of the great ambitions of pavement material engineers. This state-of-the-art review article documents the efforts spent in the past two decades to ensure the durability and performance of asphalt mixtures in mix design and production. A perspective with the attempt to integrate laboratory mix design, plant production quality assurance, and field place acceptance is applied in the review. The development of the performance specification and performance mix design is summarized. The paper categorizes performance specification into index-based performance specification and predictive performance specification that include performance-related specification and performance-based specification. The approaches to developing index-based performance mix design/balanced mix design and predictive performance mix design are also compared in the review. The challenges and solutions in incorporating performance tests in asphalt productions are documented and discussed. The challenges include selecting performance testing methods, determining index threshold limits, estimating and incorporating testing variability and uncertainty, determining sampling position and testing frequency, and so forth. The paper also provides suggested areas of future research and implementation activities