¿Quo Vadis? Reclutamiento y Contratacion de Trabajadores Migrantes y su Acceso a la Seguridad Social: dinamicas de los sistemas de trabajo temporal migratorio en Norte y Centroamerica

Different regions and countries of the world face a serious need to design and make use of necessary policies and resources to better manage worker migration, thus ensuring the welfare and human rights of these people who, in the end, are of benefit to their society of origin, as well as the receiving society. Although international labor migration may turn out to be productive for many people, many of these migrant workers have unsatisfactory living and working conditions. While it is likely that their labor conditions are better than in their own country, in many cases they are inferior to the working conditions of nationals in their receiving country. Despite international standards to protect migrant workers, their labor rights are frequently abused, especially if they have immigrated in an irregular fashion. In this context, INEDIM took on the task of developing an integral and comprehensive document regarding different migrant worker and visa systems in Central and North America.The work presented here holds enormous value for delving in-depth to the forms of management of temporary migrant workers, as well as their access and guarantees to social and labor protection in North and Central America. This report addresses the problem of management of labor migrant flows among countries in our region. This study is based on an ordered and scrupulous methodology in which different migration systems and visa schemes for the hiring of temporary migrant workers are analyzed from the perspective of protection, respect for, guarantees and promotion of human rights. The study analyzes six systems that seek to regulate temporary migration in the region along the Central and North American corridor. The countries involved in these six systems are El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Canada, the United States, Costa Rica and Nicaragua. The authors carry out a thorough and well-structured study based on two focuses of analysis: first, the processes for recruiting and contracting migrant workers and secondly, access to social protection for temporary migrant workers by means of the right to social security. From these two focuses, the authors are able to identify and demonstrate structural insufficiencies and gaps in the analyzed systems, which should guarantee labor security and social security for these workers

Entre sistemas de protección social: inmigrantes filipinos en Europa y su (in)movilidad socio-espacial

With the aim to better understand how “care regimes” (that is, social protection systems) affect migrants’ lives, the present article draws from three separate studies on migrant Filipinas in Europe. The cases of three of these women unveil the important characteristic of the care regime in their country of origin and that in their respective receiving countries, which particularly shapes their lives. Interview data analysis suggests that insufficient care resources in the Philippines partly motivated these women’s migration as well as that of their offspring. In Europe, they experienced spatial and social class (im)mobilities due to the pro-undocumented migrant, family-focused, and transmigrant-friendly care regimes in their receiving countries, respectively France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Their encounters with the social protection systems “here” and “there” highlight their lives betwixt interacting care regimes in their social spaces.Con el objetivo de comprender mejor cómo los “regímenes de cuidado” (es decir, los sistemas de protección social) afectan la vida de los migrantes, el presente artículo se basa en tres estudios separados sobre las migrantes filipinas en Europa. Los casos de tres de estas mujeres desvelan la importante característica del régimen asistencial en su país de origen y que en sus respectivos países receptores, que en particular moldea sus vidas. El análisis de los datos de las entrevistas sugiere que los insuficientes recursos de atención en filipinas motivaron en parte la migración de estas mujeres, así como la de sus hijos. En Europa, experimentaron movilidad espacial y de clase social debido a los regímenes migratorios pro-indocumentados migrantes en sus países receptores, respectivamente, Francia, Bélgica y los Países Bajos. Sus encuentros con los sistemas de protección social “aquí” y “allí” resaltan sus vidas entre regímenes de atención interactivos en sus espacios sociales

Germination et dispersion des graines chez "Glaucium flavum" Crantz ("Papaveraceae")

Germination et dispersion des graines chez Glaucium flavum Crantz (Papaveraceae). De nombreuses especes de plantes pionnieres produisent deux types de graines, les unes sont migrantes et les autres ne sont pas migrantes. Généralement, les graines migrantes ne sont pas dormantes tandis que les graines non migrantes sont dormantes. Dans la presente etude, cette hypothese est testées avec les graines de Glaucium flavum, á l'aide d'un processus experimental faisant intervenir ces deux type des graines mais aussi la variation inter- et intra-indivduelle. Les résultats ne vérifient pas les predictions de depart. Les graines migrantes présentent plus de dormance que les graines non migrantes. Chez cette espéce la dormance des graines migrantes est á considérer avec la synaptospermie. La dormance peut étre une adaptation a la competition interindividuelle au moment de la levee des plantulesSeed germination and dispersal in Glaucium flavum Crantz (Papaveraceae). Many plant species produce two kind of seeds, dispersed seeds and non-dispersed seeds. Generaly, dispersed seeds have no dormancy while non-dispersed seeds have. In the present paper, this hypothesis is tested with Glaucium flavum seeds, through an experimental framework, which also included inter- and intraindividual variation. Results do not sustain the predictions. Dispersed seeds are more dormant than the others. In this species, dormancy in dispersed seeds must be consider with synaptospermy. Dormancy can be an adaptation to seedling competition

Escrituras migrantes

En los últimos tiempos, algunos escritores extranjeros en Italia que escriben en italiano han mostrado su desacuerdo ??justo?? con el hecho de ser encasillados dentro de la incómoda etiqueta de los “escritores inmigrantes” e, incluso, también en el cajón solo aparentemente más amplio de los “escritores migrantes” […]He participado en esta discusión de manera claramente conflictiva. Yo aprendo si trabajo con los demás; trabajar con los demás significa: hacer una obra común con alguien sin el cual no hubiera sido posible ni siquiera imaginarla; o aprendo en el conflicto. Las medias tintas son juegos de poder, de conveniencia, de negocios, de congreso, chatear on line. Aprovecho, por lo tanto, la ocasión de la organización del festival-encuentro ??con alemanes, suizos, austriacos e italianos?? para poner un poco de orden en mis ideas que, obviamente, nacen y crecen de los enfrentamientos.

Growth, movement, and attrition of northern bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus, in the Pacific Ocean, as determined by tagging

ENGLISH: The growth of northern bluefin tuna is described by a two-stanza model. For fish between 191 and 564 mm in length the Gompertz curve, with values of 581 mm and 4.32 for Loo and K (annual), respectively, is used. The fish between 564 and 1530 mm grow linearly, at the rate of 0.709 mm per day. Age-O fish tagged and released in the western Pacific Ocean have been recaptured in the western, central, and eastern Pacific. The minimum time between release in the western Pacific and recapture in the eastern Pacific is 215 days. Older fish, mostly Land 2-year olds, tagged and released in the eastern Pacific have been recaptured in the eastern and western Pacific. The minimum time between release in eastern Pacific and recapture in the western Pacific is 674 days. The coefficient of natural mortality is estimated from data on growth and ambient temperature to be 0.276 on an annual basis, with 90-percent confidence limits of 0.161 and 0.47L Spawning of northern bluefin takes place only in the western Pacific. Some of the juveniles migrate to the eastern Pacific, where they reside for several months to several years before returning to the western Pacific. The portion of fish which migrate to the eastern Pacific varies among years, and this appears to be an important cause of the annual variation in the catches in the eastern Pacific Ocean. SPANISH: El crecimiento del atún aleta azul del norte es descrito por un modelo de dos estadios. Para los peces de entre 191 y 564 mm de talla se usa la curva de Gompertz, con valores de 581 mm y 4.32 para Loo y K (anual), respectivamente. Los peces de entre 564 y 1530 mm crecen de forma lineal, a 0.709 mm por día. Peces de edad Omarcados y liberados en el Pacífico occidental han sido recapturados en el Pacífico occidental, central, y oriental. La demora mínima entre la liberación en el Pacífico occidental y la recaptura en el Pacífico oriental es de 215 días. Peces mayores, principalmente de 1 ó 2 años de edad, marcados y liberados en el Pacífico oriental han sido re capturados en el Pacífico occidental y oriental. La demora mínima entre la liberación en el Pacífico oriental y la recaptura en el Pacífico occidental es de 674 días. Se estima el coeficiente de mortalidad natural a partir de los datos de crecimiento y temperatura ambiental en un 0.276 anual, con límites de confianza al 90% de 0.161 y 0.471. El aleta azul del norte desova únicamente en el Pacífico occidental. Algunos de los juveniles migran al Pacífico oriental, donde permanecen entre varios meses y varios años antes de regresar al Pacífico occidental. La porción de los peces que migran al Pacífico oriental varía entre años, y ésto parece ser una causa importante de la variación anual en las capturas en el Océano Pacífico oriental. (PDF contains 94 pages.

Nomadismo no mundo actual: mobilidade de migrantes qualificados e identidades culturais

Tese de mestrado, Cultura e Sociedade na Europa, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2012A globalização levou à necessidade de uma dinâmica de intercâmbios de competências entre vários países que se tem intensificado, gerando mudanças nas características, perfis e vagas dos migrantes, o que alterou o panorama das migrações do século XXI. Portugal não escapou a estasmudanças, não só pela alternância nos papéis dos agentes das migrações, ao passarmos de país de emigrantes a país que é igualmente de imigração, como também pelas alterações verificadas nas características desses mesmos agentes, agora detentores de qualificações académicas mais elevadas. Considerada a terceira grande vaga de emigração portuguesa, a saída destes profissionais qualificados processa-se de forma bem diferente das vagas anteriores, quer pelos motivos que levaram à partida, não apenas por factores económicos, mas sobretudo pela progressão na carreira, quer pelas dificuldades de integração noutro país, agora minimizadas por uma melhor preparação cultural e linguística. Nesta investigação, procurou-se auscultar a opinião de uma amostra de portugueses qualificados, dispersos por 19 países de quatro continentes, relativamente a todas as contingências associadas a um quadro de mobilidade e instabilidade: pessoais, familiares, profissionais, identitárias. Este último mereceu especial destaque pela preocupação com a questão da identidade nacional numa vivência multicultural, muitas vezes associada a um percurso de nomadismo. Os dados obtidos levam-nos a concluir que, na generalidade dos casos, encontramos uma personalidade híbrida, culturalmente adaptada e adaptável ao país de destino, sem no entanto eliminar ou ocultar a cultura da pátria de origem. Ao contrário, (depois de nas descobertas, termos levado novos mundos ao mundo) estes portugueses espalhados pelo globo, funcionam como excelentes representantes, divulgando o nosso mundo aos outros mundos.ABSTRACT: Globalization has led to the need for a dynamic exchange of skills that has grown between several countries, which has recently increased and led to changes in the characteristics, profiles and positions of migrants, hence modifying the prospect of migrations in the twentyfirst century. Portugal was not an exception, not only due to a change in the roles of the migration agents in Portugal moving from a country of emigrants to a country of immigrants but also due to the changes in the characteristics of those agents, now holding higher academic qualifications. Taking into consideration the on-going third wave of Portuguese emigration, the exit of these qualified professionals is rather different from the former ones, either for the reasons that led to the departure not only by economic factors, but also by promotion prospects or by the difficulties of integrations in a foreign country, nowadays certainly minimized by a better cultural and linguistic preparation. In this study we have tried to hear the opinion of qualified Portuguese spread over 19 countries on four continents, with regards to the contingencies related to a framework of mobility and instability in personal, family, professional and identity terms. This last factor deserved particular attention in view of the concern regarding the issue of national identity in a multicultural environment often associated with a nomadic life. The collected data leads us to conclude that, in most cases, we find a hybrid personality, culturally adapted and adaptable to the country of destination, without, however, eliminating or hiding the culture of the country of origin. On the contrary (after, during the period of the discoveries, having taken new worlds to theWorld), these Portuguese around the world, act asperfect representatives, by disclosing our world to other worlds

El punto de vista de un oficial de la guardia costera: reforzar la migración a través de los canales legales

No siempre podremos rescatar a los refugiados o a los migrantes económicos que se juegan la vida en las fronteras marítimas de la UE, por lo que es necesario que se refuercen los canales legales para la migración a Europa para evitar que los refugiados y migrantes sean explotados por las mafias