The CIDOC CRM, an Ontological Approach to Schema Heterogeneity

The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM), now ISO/CD21127, is a core ontology that aims at enabling information exchange and integration between heterogeneous sources of cultural heritage information, archives and libraries. It provides semantic definitions and clarifications needed to transform disparate, heterogeneous information sources into a coherent global resource, be it within a larger institution, in intranets or on the Internet. It is argued that such an ontology is property-centric, compact and highly generic, in contrast to terminological systems. The presentation will demonstrate how such a well-crafted core ontology can help to achieve a very high precision of schema integration at reasonable cost in a huge, diverse domain. It is further argued that such ontologies are widely reusable and adaptable to other domains which makes their development cost effective

Analyzing the discharge regime of a large tropical river through remote sensing, ground-based climatic data, and modeling

This study demonstrates the potential for applying passive microwave satellite sensor data to infer the discharge dynamics of large river systems using the main stem Amazon as a test case. The methodology combines (1) interpolated ground-based meteorological station data, (2) horizontally and vertically polarized temperature differences (HVPTD) from the 37-GHz scanning multichannel microwave radiometer (SMMR) aboard the Nimbus 7 satellite, and (3) a calibrated water balance/water transport model (WBM/WTM). Monthly HVPTD values at 0.25° (latitude by longitude) resolution were resampled spatially and temporally to produce an enhanced HVPTD time series at 0.5° resolution for the period May 1979 through February 1985. Enhanced HVPTD values were regressed against monthly discharge derived from the WBM/WTM for each of 40 grid cells along the main stem over a calibration period from May 1979 to February 1983 to provide a spatially contiguous estimate of time-varying discharge. HVPTD-estimated flows generated for a validation period from March 1983 to February 1985 were found to be in good agreement with both observed arid modeled discharges over a 1400-km section of the main stem Amazon. This span of river is bounded downstream by a region of tidal influence and upstream by low sensor response associated with dense forest canopy. Both the WBM/WTM and HVPTD-derived flow rates reflect the significant impact of the 1982–1983 El Niño-;Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event on water balances within the drainage basin

Joint Canada-U.S. Survey in the Mount Kennedy Region

In 1935 a National Geographic Society glaciological expedition working in the St. Elias mountain range near the Alaska-Yukon Territory boundary described an unnamed mountain in the area as "magnificent, a granite peak sheathed in snow and ice on the south and west sides, and on the north and east sides has fantastic rock cliffs." Thirty years later this same peak was officially named Mount Kennedy in honour of the late President John F. Kennedy. A surge of activity in the area followed immediately. Senator Robert Kennedy climbed the mountain, an expedition sponsored by the National Geographic Society is engaged in producing a large scale map of the mountain and its environs, and a joint U.S.-Canadian party has just completed a survey through the area which will determine the precise geographic position of the mountain's summit and its elevation. The survey party was composed of six men from the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey and two men from the Surveys and Mapping Branch of the Canadian Department of Mines and Technical Surveys. The main purpose of the work was to connect existing surveys along the Alaska Highway with similar surveys along the Alaskan coast. The work will strengthen the control surveys throughout the area and provide new control points for mapping. The decision to include Mount Kennedy in the survey, while adding a touch of glamour to the operation, greatly increased the difficulties. The survey itself consists of five main stations, connected by traverse, with auxiliary points established at alternate stations to provide additional checks on field measurements. The lengths of the four traverse courses varied from eight to thirty-nine miles; the distances were measured by electronic distance measuring equipment, and the angles were measured with precise theodolites using signal lights and heliotropes for targets. ..

An intermunicipal integrated analytical territorial intelligence platform

Simões, P., de Castro Neto, M., Sarmento, P., & Barriguinha, A. (2023). Oeste smart region: An intermunicipal integrated analytical territorial intelligence platform. Mapping, 32(211), 50-61. [5]. https://doi.org/10.59192/mapping.395---This work was funded by the European Union under the European Regional Development Fund through the financing programs Compete 2020 and Portugal 2020.Smart regions are described as an instrument to achieve sustainable planning at the regional level, promoting knowledge-based development through learning as an integral part of the development of regional resources that solves challenges through the knowledgeable application of new technologies, the organization of processes and reasonable and future-proof decision-making. With this work we intend to present a territorial intelligence platform, in particular the spatial data infrastructure that supports it. Based on the potential of multiple sources and formats of data available (Big Data), from the systems of twelve Portuguese municipalities. Along with the Internet of Things and collective intelligence the developed model, sets out as an ambition to take advantage of the potential of data science and artificial intelligence, to promote a regional model of governance based on the management of information capable of leveraging the creation of a territorial intelligence center constituting a new paradigm of territorial planning and management based on facts. ___ Las regiones inteligentes se describen como un instrumento para lograr una planificación sostenible a nivel regional, promoviendo el desarrollo basado en el conocimiento a través del aprendizaje continuo como parte integral del desarrollo de los recursos regionales que resuelve los desafíos a través de la aplicación con conocimiento de las nuevas tecnologías, la organización de procesos y toma de decisiones razonables y preparadas para el futuro. Con este trabajo pretendemos presentar una plataforma de inteligencia territorial, en particular la infraestructura de datos espaciales que la soporta. Basado en el potencial de múltiples fuentes y formatos de datos disponibles (Big Data), de los sistemas de doce municipios portugueses. Junto con el Internet de las Cosas y la inteligencia colectiva, el modelo desarrollado se plantea como una ambición de aprovechar el potencial de la ciencia de datos y la inteligencia artificial, para impulsar un modelo regional de gobernanza basado en la gestión de la información capaz de impulsar la creación de un centro de inteligencia territorial que constituye un nuevo paradigma de planificación y gestión territorial basada en hechos.publishersversionpublishe

Hydrographic open data for society

Nunes, P., Vicente, J., Veiga, A. L., Monteiro, C., Dias, T., Palma, C., & Neto, M. (2023). Hydrographic open data for society. Mapping, 32(211), 34-48. https://doi.org/10.59192/mapping.393Hydrography is defined as: “The branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defence, scientific research, and environmental protection” (Publication S-32). Due to their broad concept hydrographic data and information provide the foundational bases for marine space management, fisheries, coastal environment, policy decisions, shipping, energy and oil industry, etc. Portuguese Hydrographic Institute (IH) manages geospatial datasets from several scientific and technical domains. Data management has been on daily agenda and always has an internal priority. Facing the digital transformation tsunami and rapid evolution of society data requirements is the main driven for developing an internal sustainable open data strategy aligned with findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) principles and as open as possible. The European Open Data and Open Science strategies combined with the need to fill the ocean knowledge gaps are changing the way how data producers deal with geospatial information. This article presents several IH projects to increase sharing and reuse of hydrographic data by society.publishersversionpublishe

Ontology Mapping: The State of the Art

Ontology mapping is seen as a solution provider in today\u27s landscape of ontology research. As the number of ontologies that are made publicly available and accessible on the Web increases steadily, so does the need for applications to use them. A single ontology is no longer enough to support the tasks envisaged by a distributed environment like the Semantic Web. Multiple ontologies need to be accessed from several applications. Mapping could provide a common layer from which several ontologies could be accessed and hence could exchange information in semantically sound manners. Developing such mapping has beeb the focus of a variety of works originating from diverse communities over a number of years. In this article we comprehensively review and present these works. We also provide insights on the pragmatics of ontology mapping and elaborate on a theoretical approach for defining ontology mapping